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Author: Derek F. Jackson Kimball Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030958523 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 375
Book Description
A host of astrophysical measurements suggest that most of the matter in the Universe is an invisible, nonluminous substance that physicists call “dark matter.” Understanding the nature of dark matter is one of the greatest challenges of modern physics and is of paramount importance to our theories of cosmology and particle physics. This text explores one of the leading hypotheses to explain dark matter: that it consists of ultralight bosons forming an oscillating field that feebly interacts with light and matter. Many new experiments have emerged over the last decade to test this hypothesis, involving state-of-the-art microwave cavities, precision nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, dark matter “radios,” and synchronized global networks of atomic clocks, magnetometers, and interferometers. The editors have gathered leading experts from around the world to present the theories motivating these searches, evidence about dark matter from astrophysics, and the diverse experimental techniques employed in searches for ultralight bosonic dark matter. The text provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to this blossoming field of research for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, or anyone new to the field, with tutorials and solved problems in every chapter. The multifaceted nature of the research – combining ideas and methods from atomic, molecular, and optical physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, electrical engineering, particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology – makes this introductory approach attractive for beginning researchers as well as members of the broader scientific community. This is an open access book.
Author: Derek F. Jackson Kimball Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030958523 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 375
Book Description
A host of astrophysical measurements suggest that most of the matter in the Universe is an invisible, nonluminous substance that physicists call “dark matter.” Understanding the nature of dark matter is one of the greatest challenges of modern physics and is of paramount importance to our theories of cosmology and particle physics. This text explores one of the leading hypotheses to explain dark matter: that it consists of ultralight bosons forming an oscillating field that feebly interacts with light and matter. Many new experiments have emerged over the last decade to test this hypothesis, involving state-of-the-art microwave cavities, precision nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, dark matter “radios,” and synchronized global networks of atomic clocks, magnetometers, and interferometers. The editors have gathered leading experts from around the world to present the theories motivating these searches, evidence about dark matter from astrophysics, and the diverse experimental techniques employed in searches for ultralight bosonic dark matter. The text provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to this blossoming field of research for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, or anyone new to the field, with tutorials and solved problems in every chapter. The multifaceted nature of the research – combining ideas and methods from atomic, molecular, and optical physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, electrical engineering, particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology – makes this introductory approach attractive for beginning researchers as well as members of the broader scientific community. This is an open access book.
Author: Steff Jaywan Publisher: Dedona Publishing ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 45
Book Description
In the vast expanse of the cosmos, there exists an enigmatic substance that eludes detection yet exerts a profound influence on the universe's structure and evolution. This substance, known as dark matter, remains one of the greatest mysteries of modern astrophysics, captivating the imaginations of scientists and enthusiasts alike. Dark matter's existence is inferred from its gravitational effects on visible matter and light, yet its nature remains elusive. Despite decades of research and numerous experimental endeavors, the true identity of dark matter continues to evade detection, challenging our understanding of the fundamental constituents of the universe. In parallel, another frontier of scientific exploration has emerged within the intricate ecosystems of the human body: the microbiome. Comprising trillions of microorganisms inhabiting every surface of our bodies, the microbiome plays a crucial role in human health and disease. Yet, like dark matter, much of the microbiome's complexity remains shrouded in mystery, awaiting further exploration and understanding.
Author: David J. E. Marsh Publisher: Princeton University Press ISBN: 0691249717 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 353
Book Description
A complete treatment of all aspects of dark matter physics This book provides an incisive, self-contained introduction to one of the most intriguing subjects in modern physics, presenting the evidence we have from astrophysics for the existence of dark matter, the theories for what it could be, and the cutting-edge experimental and observational methods for testing them. It begins with a survey of the astrophysical phenomena, from rotation curves to lensing and cosmological structure formation. It goes on to offer the most comprehensive overview available of all three major theories, discussing weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), axions, and primordial black holes. The book explains the constraints on each theory, such as direct detection and indirect astrophysical limits, and enables students to build physical intuition using hands-on exercises and supplemental material. The only book to treat extensively WIMPs, axions, and primordial black holes Provides balanced coverage of the evidence, theory, and testing for dark matter from astrophysics, particle physics, and experimental physics Includes original problems and short quizzes throughout Accompanied by Jupyter notebooks that give sample calculations and methods to reproduce key results and graphs An ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and an essential reference for researchers
Author: Yann Gouttenoire Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031118626 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 534
Book Description
This book provides a remarkable and complete survey of important questions at the interface between theoretical particle physics and cosmology. After discussing the theoretical and experimental physics revolution that led to the rise of the Standard Model in the past century, the author reviews all the major open puzzles, among them the hierarchy problem, the small value of the cosmological constant, the matter-antimatter asymmetry, and the dark matter enigma, including the state-of-the-art regarding proposed solutions. Also addressed are the rapidly expanding fields of thermal dark matter, cosmological first-order phase transitions and gravitational-wave signatures. In addition, the book presents the original and interdisciplinary PhD research work of the author relating to Weakly-Interacting-Massive-Particles around the TeV scale, which are among the most studied dark matter candidates. Motivated by the absence of experimental evidence for such particles, this thesis explores the possibility that dark matter is much heavier than what is conventionally assumed.
Author: Bodo Schwabe Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Despite being a cornerstone of the standard model of cosmology, the exact nature of dark matter (DM) remains unknown. The lack of evidence for weakly interacting massive particles that could constitute DM is generating increasing interest in alternative candidates. These include the theoretically well-motivated QCD axion, which solves the strong CP problem, and axion-like particles generically arising in string theories. This thesis focuses on the latter. If non-gravitational interactions can be neglected, this form of DM is known as fuzzy dark matter (FDM). While indistinguishable from col...
Author: Lev. P. Pitaevskii Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 9780198507192 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 392
Book Description
Bose-Einstein Condensation represents a new state of matter and is one of the cornerstones of quantum physics, resulting in the 2001 Nobel Prize. Providing a useful introduction to one of the most exciting field of physics today, this text will be of interest to a growing community of physicists, and is easily accessible to non-specialists alike.
Author: Saarik Kalia Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
There is overwhelming evidence for the existence of dark matter, a component of our universe which is more than five times as abundant as the visible matter we are familiar with. Yet despite longstanding experimental efforts to search for non-gravitational interactions of dark matter, the detection of any such interactions has thus far eluded us. There has therefore arisen an interest within the field in novel methods to detect dark matter. In this thesis, I will outline two new methods which utilize Earth to detect two different types of dark matter. The first searches for an oscillating magnetic field signal of ultralight bosonic dark matter at the surface of the Earth. In analogy to existing cavity/shielded experiments searching for ultralight dark matter, the signal arises because the ground and ionosphere function as conducting cavity walls between which dark matter can source a magnetic field. Based on this effect, we undertake an analysis of global geomagnetic field data from the SuperMAG collaboration in order to set bounds on dark photon and axionlike dark matter parameter spaces. In the latter part of this thesis, I will discuss a proposal to use ancient rocks, dubbed paleo-detectors, as detectors for WIMP dark matter. Over the past O(100) Myr, WIMPs may have induced nuclear recoils within these minerals that disrupted their crystalline structure, leaving long-lived tracks that can be read out today with precision microscopy techniques. I will show that paleo-detectors can give unique sensitivity to dark matter substructure within the Milky Way. This is because paleo-detectors are not only sensitive to the local dark matter density near the Earth today, but also to the dark matter density along Earth's entire galactic trajectory over the lifetime of a paleo-detector.
Author: Derek F. Jackson Kimball
Author: Derek F. Jackson Kimball
Author: Xue Zhang
Author: Steff Jaywan
Author: Antoine Garcon
Author: David J. E. Marsh
Author: Yann Gouttenoire
Author: Bodo Schwabe
Author: Lev. P. Pitaevskii
Author: Saarik Kalia
Author: Gianfranco Bertone