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Author: Brian J. Bosch Publisher: McFarland ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 176
Book Description
The final offensive, an insurgent campaign fought after El Salvador's coup of 1979, clearly demonstrated the strengths, weaknesses, idiosyncrasies, and behavior of the Salvadoran officer corps. During this crucial period, the military institution faced the double threat of internal politics and a rebel guerrilla army. Colonel Bosch served as the U.S. Embassy's Defense and Army Attache during the crisis. His intimate perspective brings to life the important political and military events before, during and after the final offensive. His book gives an historical perspective as well, tracing the development of officer attitudes from 1931 to 1979. The Armed Forces political crisis of 1979 and 1980 is discussed, followed by a detailed recounting of the offensive itself. The results of the offensive are analyzed, including the short-lived cohesiveness shown by the officer corps and the divisiveness that lasted through the war and into peace. The text is complemented by a map and photographs.
Author: Brian J. Bosch Publisher: McFarland ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 176
Book Description
The final offensive, an insurgent campaign fought after El Salvador's coup of 1979, clearly demonstrated the strengths, weaknesses, idiosyncrasies, and behavior of the Salvadoran officer corps. During this crucial period, the military institution faced the double threat of internal politics and a rebel guerrilla army. Colonel Bosch served as the U.S. Embassy's Defense and Army Attache during the crisis. His intimate perspective brings to life the important political and military events before, during and after the final offensive. His book gives an historical perspective as well, tracing the development of officer attitudes from 1931 to 1979. The Armed Forces political crisis of 1979 and 1980 is discussed, followed by a detailed recounting of the offensive itself. The results of the offensive are analyzed, including the short-lived cohesiveness shown by the officer corps and the divisiveness that lasted through the war and into peace. The text is complemented by a map and photographs.
Author: Brian J. Bosch Publisher: McFarland ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 176
Book Description
The final offensive, an insurgent campaign fought after El Salvador's coup of 1979, clearly demonstrated the strengths, weaknesses, idiosyncrasies, and behavior of the Salvadoran officer corps. During this crucial period, the military institution faced the double threat of internal politics and a rebel guerrilla army. Colonel Bosch served as the U.S. Embassy's Defense and Army Attache during the crisis. His intimate perspective brings to life the important political and military events before, during and after the final offensive. His book gives an historical perspective as well, tracing the development of officer attitudes from 1931 to 1979. The Armed Forces political crisis of 1979 and 1980 is discussed, followed by a detailed recounting of the offensive itself. The results of the offensive are analyzed, including the short-lived cohesiveness shown by the officer corps and the divisiveness that lasted through the war and into peace. The text is complemented by a map and photographs.
Author: Walter C. Ladwig III Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316764400 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 363
Book Description
After a decade and a half of war in Iraq and Afghanistan, US policymakers are seeking to provide aid and advice to local governments' counterinsurgency campaigns rather than directly intervening with US forces. This strategy, and US counterinsurgency doctrine in general, fail to recognize that despite a shared aim of defeating an insurgency, the US and its local partner frequently have differing priorities with respect to the conduct of counterinsurgency operations. Without some degree of reform or policy change on the part of the insurgency-plagued government, American support will have a limited impact. Using three detailed case studies - the Hukbalahap Rebellion in the Philippines, Vietnam during the rule of Ngo Dinh Diem, and the Salvadorian Civil War - Ladwig demonstrates that providing significant amounts of aid will not generate sufficient leverage to affect a client's behaviour and policies. Instead, he argues that influence flows from pressure and tight conditions on aid rather than from boundless generosity.
Author: Russell Crandall Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316483436 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 719
Book Description
El Salvador's civil war between the Salvadoran government and Marxist guerrillas erupted into full force in early 1981 and endured for eleven bloody years. Unwilling to tolerate an advance of Soviet and Cuban-backed communism in its geopolitical backyard, the US provided over six billion dollars in military and economic aid to the Salvadoran government. El Salvador was a deeply controversial issue in American society and divided Congress and the public into left and right. Relying on thousands of archival documents as well as interviews with participants on both sides of the war, The Salvador Option offers a thorough and fair-minded interpretation of the available evidence. If success is defined narrowly, there is little question that the Salvador Option achieved its Cold War strategic objectives of checking communism. Much more difficult, however, is to determine what human price this 'success' entailed - a toll suffered almost entirely by Salvadorans in this brutal civil war.
Author: René De La Pedraja Publisher: McFarland ISBN: 147660293X Category : History Languages : en Pages : 375
Book Description
This book continues the narrative begun by the author in Wars of Latin America, 1899-1941. It provides a clear and readable description of military combat occurring in Latin America from 1948 to the start of 1982. (In an unusual peaceful lull, Latin America experienced no wars from 1942 to 1947.) Although the text concentrates on combat narrative, matters of politics, business, and international relations appear as necessary to explain the wars. The author draws on many previously unknown sources to provide information never before published. The book traces the many insurgencies in Latin America as well as conventional wars. Among the highlights are the chapters on the Cuban and Nicaraguan insurrections and on the Bay of Pigs invasion. One goal of the text is to explain why, of the many insurgencies appearing in Latin America, only those in Cuba and Nicaragua were successful in overthrowing governments. The book also helps explain why even unsuccessful insurgencies have survived for decades, as has happened in Colombia and Peru. Instructors considering this book for use in a course may request an examination copy here.
Author: Joaquín M. Chávez Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0190661097 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 337
Book Description
Poets and Prophets of the Resistance offers a ground-up history and fresh interpretation of the polarization and mobilization that brought El Salvador to the eve of civil war in 1980. Challenging the dominant narrative that university students and political dissidents primarily formed the Salvadoran guerrillas, Joaquín Chávez argues that El Salvador's socioeconomic and political crises of the 1970s fomented a groundswell of urban and peasant intellectuals who collaborated to spur larger revolutionary social movements. Drawing on new archival sources and in-depth interviews, Poets and Prophets of the Resistance contests the idea that urban militants and Roman Catholic priests influenced by Liberation Theology single-handedly organized and politicized peasant groups. Chávez shows instead how peasant intellectuals acted as political catalysts among their own communities first, particularly in the region of Chalatenango, laying the groundwork for the peasant movements that were to come. In this way, he contends, the Salvadoran insurgency emerged in a dialogue between urban and peasant intellectuals working together to create and execute a common revolutionary strategy--one that drew on cultures of resistance deeply rooted in the country's history, poetry, and religion. Focusing on this cross-pollination, this book introduces the idea that a "pedagogy of revolution" originated in this historical alliance between urban and peasant, making use of secular and Catholic pedagogies such as radio schools, literacy programs, and rural cooperatives. This pedagogy became more and more radicalized over time as it pushed back against the increasingly repressive structures of 1970s El Salvador. Teasing out the roles of little-known groups such as the politically active "La Masacuata" literary movement, the contributions of Catholic Action intellectuals to the New Left, and the overlooked efforts of peasant leaders, Poets and Prophets of the Resistance demonstrates how trans-class political and cultural interactions drove the revolutionary mobilizations that anticipated the Salvadoran civil war.
Author: George Thurlow Publisher: Stansbury Publishing ISBN: 1935807765 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 194
Book Description
On April 29, 1981 American journalist George Thurlow was shot by members of the El Salvador Treasury Police on a jungle road in San Salvador. His 29-year-old driver, Gilberto Moran, was killed and Associated Press photographer Joaquin Zuniga was seriously injured in the shooting. Thurlow left El Salvador two days later to receive medical treatment in the U.S. In 2000 he began a more than two-decade search to find Gilberto Moran’s grave and some form of personal redemption. El Salvador: Blood On All Our Hands details that search and introduces us to those who fought in the civil war, U.S. aid workers helping to rebuild the tiny country, as well as every day Salvadorans who suffered through a war that killed 70,000 of their fellow citizens. Many Salvadorans have decided it is time to move on from focusing on the war as their country enters a new era. The U.S. officials who supplied weapons and encouragement to the Salvadoran government, its security forces and the murderous death squads have never been held accountable. In El Salvador a Truth Commission has identified those most responsible for the assassinations and murder of priests, journalists and opposition leaders. This book is intended to document a moment in Salvadoran history when the United States government was responsible for a cruel carnage and to illustrate how American citizens are attempting to repair the damage.
Author: Sebastian Huhn Publisher: Springer ISBN: 134995067X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
This book highlights historical explanations to and roots of present phenomena of violence, insecurity, and law enforcement in Central America. Violence and crime are among the most discussed topics in Central America today, and sensationalism and fear of crime is as present as the increase of private security, the re-militarization of law enforcement, political populism, and mano dura policies. The contributors to this volume discuss historical forms, paths, continuities, and changes of violence and its public and political discussion in the region. This book thus offers in-depth analysis of different patterns of violence, their reproduction over time, their articulation in the present, and finally their discursive mobilization.
Author: John W. Lamperti Publisher: McFarland ISBN: 0786424737 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
Enrique Alvarez Cordova was the son of one of El Salvador's ruling families. Intelligent, charismatic and above all wealthy, he had nothing to gain--and a great deal to lose--by courting revolution. Yet this young man with all the advantages did just that. Impressed by the poverty and miserable existence of the rural population, Alvarez set about making a change. He spent most of his adult life working for reform within the constraints of the existing system, serving as minister of agriculture under three governments. He turned his own ranch, El Jobo, into a successful workers' cooperative to convince the ruling class that agrarian reform was possible and even profitable. In the end, however, he found that fundamental change was simply beyond the reach of such efforts. Embracing armed struggle as a last resort, he ultimately became one of the revolution's first casualties. Centering on El Salvador's political landscape, this biography details the life of one of the nation's little known revolutionaries. The body examines the motivations behind Alvarez's choice to become a traitor to his class and embrace political reform, first through his work within the government itself and later as president of the Democratic Revolutionary Front (FDR), the country's primary radical movement. Through this lens, the work also describes El Salvador's political evolution, illuminating the country's internal situation during the 1970s and early 1980s. The government-condoned assassination of Alvarez and five of his FDR colleagues in November 1980 ended the last hope of avoiding an armed conflict. Within two months of the assassinations, El Salvador was plunged into a civil war that would last for the next 11 years. Other than a few official legal documents, the work is compiled from interviews and testimony of those who knew Enrique Alvarez Cordova, thus providing a contemporary, firsthand perspective. The work is also indexed.
Author: Brian J. Bosch
Author: Brian J. Bosch
Author: Brian J. Bosch
Author: Walter C. Ladwig III
Author: Russell Crandall
Author: René De La Pedraja
Author: Joaquín M. Chávez
Author: George Thurlow
Author: Mark Danner
Author: Sebastian Huhn
Author: John W. Lamperti