Smallholder Dairy Technology in Coastal Kenya PDF Download

Author: Charles F. Nicholson
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN: 9789291460670
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 72

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Book Description
This study examined the factors influencing adoption of three related dairy technologies in coastal Kenya, and assessed the impacts of dairy adoption on household income, employment generation and nutrition status of pre-school children. The technologies studied were adoption of grade and crossbred dairy animals, planting of the fodder Napier grass and use of the infection and treatment method of immunisation against East Coast fever. A series of household surveys was conducted from mid-1997 to mid-1998. The descriptive results from surveys of 202 households in Coast Province indicate that adoption of a grade or crossbred dairy animal may result in substantial increases in household income, can generate paid (secondary) employment, and may improve the nutritional status of pre-school-age children in the Household. Econometric analyses, which controlled for numerous confounding factos, provided less consistent support for the impact of adoption on household income and paid employment. It appears that neither the adoption nor productivity of dairying are constrained by poor availability of technology options. For dairy development activities on the coast, two areas merit atention: mechanisms for easing access to grade and crossbred dairy cattle, either through credit schemes or through self-help smallholder co-operatives, and reducing the disease risks associated with grade and corssbred dairy animals.

Author: Mara van den Bold
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 80

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Book Description
Many development programs that aim to alleviate poverty and improve investments in human capital consider women’s empowerment a key pathway by which to achieve impact and often target women as their main beneficiaries. Despite this, women’s empowerment dimensions are often not rigorously measured and are at times merely assumed. This paper starts by reflecting on the concept and measurement of women’s empowerment and then reviews some of the structural interventions that aim to influence underlying gender norms in society and eradicate gender discrimination. It then proceeds to review the evidence of the impact of three types of interventions—cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs—on women’s empowerment, nutrition, or both. Qualitative evidence on conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs generally points to positive impacts on women’s empowerment, although quantitative research findings are more heterogenous. CCT programs produce mixed results on long-term nutritional status, and very limited evidence exists of their impacts on micronutrient status. The little evidence available on unconditional cash transters (UCT) indicates mixed impacts on women’s empowerment and positive impacts on nutrition; however, recent reviews comparing CCT and UCT programs have found little difference in terms of their effects on stunting and they have found that conditionality is less important than other factors, such as access to healthcare and child age and sex. Evidence of cash transfer program impacts depending on the gender of the transfer recipient or on the conditionality is also mixed, although CCTs with non-health conditionalities seem to have negative impacts on nutritional status. The impacts of programs based on the gender of the transfer recipient show mixed results, but almost no experimental evidence exists of testing gender-differentiated impacts of a single program. Agricultural interventions—specifically home gardening and dairy projects—show mixed impacts on women’s empowerment measures such as time, workload, and control over income; but they demonstrate very little impact on nutrition. Implementation modalities are shown to determine differential impacts in terms of empowerment and nutrition outcomes. With regard to the impact of microfinance on women’s empowerment, evidence is also mixed, although more recent reviews do not find any impact on women’s empowerment. The impact of microfinance on nutritional status is mixed, with no evidence of impact on micronutrient status. Across all three types of programs (cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs), very little evidence exists on pathways of impact, and evidence is often biased toward a particular region. The paper ends with a discussion of the findings and remaining evidence gaps and an outline of recommendations for research.

Author: F. K. Tangka
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN: 9789291460762
Category : Children
Languages : en
Pages : 68

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Book Description
Based on a review of the literature, examines the gender division of labour and access to resources and benefits in smallholder livestock production systems and investigates the impact of livestock ownership and technology use on child nutrition. Presents two case studies which show how gender concerns are included in research to improve smallholder livestock systems.

Author: Jackson A. Kategile
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN: 9789290532712
Category : Animal industry
Languages : en
Pages : 242

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Book Description
Trends in smallholder livestock enterprises; The impact of the introduction of exotic cattle in East and southern Africa; Intensive animal feeding practices for optimum feed utilisation; Importance of strong research-extension linkages in increasing livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa; Research on smallholder dairy research programmes in subhumid areas; Dairy/beef production systems research programme in Malawi; Research on smallholder dairy production in coastal lowland Kenya; Smallholder dairy on-farm research in Burundi; Smallholder dairy in Ethiopia; Dual-purpose goat research in western Kenya; Contribution of crossbred goats to milk production and social welfare in Burundi; Dairy goat research and extension at Sokoine University of Agriculture (lowlands) and Mgeta (hithlands) areas of Tanzania; Dual-purpose cattle in central Tanzania; Peri-urban small-scale dairy research programme in Botswana; Research on small ruminant production systems in Zimbabwe; Disease control approaches; Economic implications of the control of East Coast fever in eastern, central and southern Africa; Immunisation of cattle against East Coast fever: experiences in Zanzibar; Sustainable control methods for ticks and tick-borne diseases in Africa; New vaccine strategies against heartwater; Economics of trypanosomiasis control: research implications; Development of smallholder dairying; Smallholder dairy production in Zambia; Smallholder dairy development in Malawi; Kenya National Dairy development project; Dairy development programme in Tanga, Tanzania; Smallholder dairy development programme in resettled and communal areas in Zimbabwe; Development of smallholder dairying in Zanzibar; Marketing options for livestock products: a total systems cum-managerial perspective; Other production systems; Group ranch concept and practice in Kenya with special emphasis on Kajiado District; Introduction of dairy cattle production systems in soil conservation areas; Wool and mohair production in Lesotho; Synthesis of constraints to livestock research and development and recommendations.

Author: Stephen Reynolds
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482280272
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 556

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Book Description
This book looks at significant current grassland problems and issues, and provides an insight into grassland productivity in diverse areas of the world, with their various production systems. There is a focus on recent technical advances and the prospects for further innovation, through twenty-one chapters by eminent grassland scientists, grouped i

Author: Anita Spring
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Publishers
ISBN: 9781555878696
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 444

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Book Description
In this volume, case studies reveal that farm women in Africa, Asia and Latin America are rapidly becoming more than subsistence producers. It explores the societal and domestic changes brought about as women move to positions as wage labourers, contract growers and farm owners.

Author: Lucy M. Maarse
Publisher: Kit Pub
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 116

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Book Description

Author: P. K. Thornton
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN: 9291460419
Category : Africa
Languages : en
Pages : 121

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Book Description
Impact of chemoprophylactic control of trypanosomosis in coastal Kenya; Economic impact of N'Dama cattle in tsetse-affected areas of Zaire, Togo, Ethiopia and The Gambia; Adoption of dairy feeding management in the Ethiopian highlands; Costs and benefits of alternative theileriosis control strategies in Zimbabwe; Impacts of east coast fever immunisation in coastal and highland Kenya; Fodder bank adoption in northern Nigeria; Impact of land tenure on adoption of alley farming in West Africa; Impact of crossbred dairy-draft technology in Ethiopia; Impact of livestock on alley farming systems in West Africa; Impact of dairy intensification on Africa peri-urban milk production systems; Constraints to use of animal traction in semi-arid West Africa; Impacts of dairy intensification on nutrition and health in coastal Kenya; Economic impact of theileriosis and its control in Africa.

Author: Dan Woodman
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137377232
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269

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Book Description
Within contemporary youth research there are two dominant streams - a 'transitions' and a 'cultures' perspective. This collection shows that it is no longer possible to understand the experience of young people through these prisms and proposes new conceptual foundations for youth studies, capable of bridging the gap between these approaches.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. [Author] [Author]
ISBN: 9251387907
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 73

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Book Description
In Eastern Africa, dairy value chains are an important source of income and employment for millions of smallholders, particularly for women who provide an essential contribution to the growth of the dairy sector. [Author] While the sector is rapidly growing, and expanding trade in dairy products holds immense potential for boosting inclusive economic growth in Eastern Africa, dairy trade mostly remains a small-scale domestic business in the region. [Author] In particular, women’s engagement in dairy markets and trade is constrained by gender-based barriers and inequalities, and dairy intensification and commercialization processes have led to uneven outcomes for women and men. [Author] As many countries are increasingly investing in the modernization of their dairy farming systems to spur dairy productivity and commercialization, it is essential that the gender implications of the market-driven development of the dairy sector are taken into consideration. [Author] This report reviews gender issues in the Eastern Africa dairy value chains, with a focus on markets and trade, in the context of broader regional policy frameworks and evolving market scenarios. [Author] In particular, gender policy developments in agricultural and trade policies relevant for the dairy sector are assessed for Ethiopia, Kenya and Rwanda. [Author] By bridging the value chain level into the enabling policy dimension, this study attempts to contribute to ongoing debates on the prospects for women’s participation in dairy markets and trade through more gender-responsive policymaking. [Author]