The Role of the Meniscus in Knee Joint Load Transmission PDF Download

Author: Catherine Mary Ford
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 226

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Author: Philippe Beaufils
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642024505
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 397

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This guide focuses on the normal meniscal mechanism, body and function. Meniscal pathology and therapy are depicted in detail, followed by a presentation of long-term experience of meniscal transplantation and a look into the future of meniscal surgery.

Author: Van C. Mow
Publisher: Raven Press (ID)
ISBN: 9780881678956
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 190

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Book Description
Reviews concepts on the biological, biochemical and biomechanical properties of the meniscus, its role in the function of the knee and the clinical management of meniscal injuries. Specialists assess the clinical experience with meniscectomy versus repair, discuss laser therapy and more.

Author: Kyriacos A. Athanasiou
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1598298720
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 98

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Book Description
The knee meniscus was once thought to be a vestigial tissue, but is now known to be instrumental in imparting stability, shock absorption, load transmission, and stress distribution within the knee joint. Unfortunately, most damage to the meniscus cannot be effectively healed by the body. Meniscus tissue engineering offers a possible solution to this problem by striving to create replacement tissue that may be implanted into a defect site. With a strong focus on structure-function relationships, this book details the essential anatomical, biochemical, and mechanical aspects of this versatile tissue and reviews current meniscus tissue engineering strategies and repair techniques. We have written this text such that undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers will find it useful as a first foray into tissue engineering, a cohesive study of the meniscus, or a reference for meniscus engineering specifications. Table of Contents: Structure-Function Relationships of the Knee Meniscus / Pathophysiology and the Need for Tissue Engineering / Tissue Engineering of the Knee Meniscus / Current Therapies and Future Directions

Author: Fahd Faisal Mahmood
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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The knee menisci are understood to have a variety of roles including load transmission and stability of the knee joint. To date, there has been no exploration of the role of radial tears of the menisci in inducing kinematic changes in knee joint movement. Furthermore, the function of proteoglycans in maintaining mechanical meniscus has not been explored.Load was applied to cadaveric knees in the intact state and following both a 50% and 100% radial tear of the medial (5 knees) or lateral (6 knees) meniscus. A coordinate system was developed to allow analysis of joint kinematics. Concurrently,confined compression techniques were used to apply 10% strain to meniscal samples from cadavers (30 samples) and patients suffering osteoarthritis (36 samples) in solutions of varying ionic concentration. 7 samples from an Actifit meniscal scaffold were also tested in deionised water. Resultant relaxation curves were fit using finite element modelling techniques. Human tissue samples were assayed for proteoglycan content.Radial tears of the meniscus did not induce significant changes in knee joint kinematics.Finite element modelling demonstrated that the electrostatic effect of proteoglycans contributed to ~40% of the stiffness of the meniscus. No significant difference in proteoglycan content was observed between solutions. The Actifit meniscal scaffold is stiffer than native meniscal tissue but displays similar permeability.Although radial tears do not alter the kinematics of the knee joint, there is evidence they result in abnormal loading of articular cartilage and it is hence important that they are repaired where possible. Proteoglycans play a critical role in maintaining stiffness of the meniscus - current repair strategies such as meniscal scaffolds do not attempt to recreate this function and hence may not prevent cartilage degradation. The stiffness of the Actifit meniscal scaffold may help protect a nascent meniscal repair but may also contribute to abnormal joint loading; its similar permeability will help mimic meniscal function.

Author: James M. Fox
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 424

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Author: Paul A. Banaszkiewicz
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107627362
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 301

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The must-have book for candidates preparing for the oral component of the FRCS (Tr and Orth).

Author: Robert F. LaPrade
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662537923
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 198

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Book Description
This book is a comprehensive journey through the pathogenesis and treatment of meniscal pathology. It details the elements that are necessary to properly understand, diagnose, and treat meniscal tears, ranging from vertical tears to radial tears and root avulsions. Treatment techniques are thoroughly described and illustrated, with presentation of the latest evidence on outcomes. The algorithmic treatment of meniscal tears has undergone a rapid transformation. We have progressed from the initial treatments involving removal of the meniscus using an open technique, to the performance of partial meniscectomies and complex meniscal repairs by means of an arthroscopic technique. The current treatment goal is to maintain the biology and mechanical integrity of this vital knee structure, an aim too often disregarded by past generations of surgeons. An explosion of new knowledge, coupled with advances in arthroscopic and surgical technology, has paved the way for wider application of approaches that help to preserve the meniscus, in the hope of preventing or delaying the development of knee arthritis. This book will have utility for all clinicians who treat meniscal lesions and will serve as a valuable resource for years to come.

Author: Mahmut Nedim Doral
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3642365698
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 3295

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Book Description
Sports Injuries: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation covers the whole field of sports injuries and is an up-to-date guide for the diagnosis and treatment of the full range of sports injuries. The work pays detailed attention to biomechanics and injury prevention, examines the emerging treatment role of current strategies and evaluates sports injuries of each part of musculoskeletal system. In addition, pediatric sports injuries, extreme sports injuries, the role of physiotherapy, and future developments are extensively discussed. All those who are involved in the care of patients with sports injuries will find this textbook to be an invaluable, comprehensive, and up-to-date reference.

Author: Qing Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomedical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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Book Description
The meniscus, a crescent-shaped fibrocartilage located between the femur and tibia ends of the knee, is an essential component of knee joint, responsible for stability, load transmission and lubrication. The unique biomechanical function of the meniscus is endowed by its hierarchically structured extracellular matrix (ECM). The knee meniscus has very limited self-healing capabilities, especially in the inner avascular, proteoglycan-rich zone. Currently, the mechanical knowledge of meniscus is mostly limited to the tissue level, so it is unclear how such unique ECM structure across multiple length scales endows the tissue with its specialized mechanical properties. The first part of the dissertation studied the anisotropy and heterogeneity of the micromechanical properties of the meniscus ECM in normal joint function as well as during maturation by using innovative atomic force microscopy (AFM) based nanomechanical tools. The systematic structure-mechanics understanding of the meniscus can serve as benchmark for understanding meniscus biomechanical function, documenting disease progression and designing tissue repair strategies. Injuries in the meniscus often lead to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) which is the most prevalent form of osteoarthritis (OA) among the younger population. Among different types of PTOA repair and amelioration, small molecule treatment has been considered as one target since it plays a critical role not only in signaling pathway, but also in extracellular matrix. The second part of the dissertation was to investigate the role of decorin, a major small leucine rich proteoglycan (SLPR), in meniscus dysfunction induced PTOA progression. After destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) surgery, decorin knockout mice underwent accelerated aggrecan loss and cartilage damage, signifying increased susceptibility to OA. Since decorin and biglycan are two structurally similar SLRPs, the inducible knockout of decorin / biglycan or both has been studied to delineate the roles of decorin and biglycan during OA progression. By using the inducible knockout mice, mice can develop normally before the surgery, thus the decorin's role during OA progression can be isolated from biological development. By deleting decorin or biglycan expression at the time of DMM surgery, decorin appears to play a more dominating role than biglycan, as illustrated by its more severe phenotype in inducible knockout model and elevated expression in wild type cartilage under OA condition. These results underlined decorin for serving as an indispensable constituent to the structural and functional integrity of cartilage ECM, and set a basis for developing decorin-based cartilage regeneration and repair strategies.