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Author: Jessica Jane Stanton Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
An estimated 66% of the total global population will live in urban areas by 2050 (Salerno, Gaetano, & Gianni, 2018). Urbanization causes various environmental impacts ranging from habitat loss to altered hydrologic processes, which stem from increased runoff volume and rate, reduced infiltration, and decreased time of concentration (US EPA, 2018; Wakode et al, 2017). Thus, man-made and natural waterways will have to convey a larger volume of surface runoff than ever before. The evaluation of potential changes in hydrologic functionality represented by changes in runoff, infiltration, and flooding risk must become a key component of land management and watershed planning as "urbanization without sound management would increase flood risks" (Ahiablame & Shakya, 2016). The overall goal of this research was to develop a deeper understanding of the role of riparian buffers in provision of flood regulating hydrologic ecosystem services (HESs) in an urbanizing watershed. Indicators of flood regulation quantified in this research include changes in total inflow volume and peak inflow. Historic (event-based and continuous) and climate change precipitation data (CMIP5), in conjunction with four riparian buffer land use scenarios, were used to evaluate the impact of climate change and riparian buffer management on HES provision in the Blue River Watershed in the Kansas City area using PCSWMM modeling software. Results indicated riparian buffer restoration around all streams including ephemeral streams offers the greatest flood regulating HESs, providing significant total inflow reduction across the watershed and more frequent reduction of peak inflow. Flood regulating HESs were still provided when the riparian buffer was restored around main channels only but to a much lesser extent. Similar trends were observed under event-based and continuous model simulations. While the datasets utilized in this study are site specific, the findings are widely applicable. With the threat of urbanization and climate change on the rise, policy makers should use these findings to support creation of policy to restore and protect riparian areas.
Author: Jessica Jane Stanton Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
An estimated 66% of the total global population will live in urban areas by 2050 (Salerno, Gaetano, & Gianni, 2018). Urbanization causes various environmental impacts ranging from habitat loss to altered hydrologic processes, which stem from increased runoff volume and rate, reduced infiltration, and decreased time of concentration (US EPA, 2018; Wakode et al, 2017). Thus, man-made and natural waterways will have to convey a larger volume of surface runoff than ever before. The evaluation of potential changes in hydrologic functionality represented by changes in runoff, infiltration, and flooding risk must become a key component of land management and watershed planning as "urbanization without sound management would increase flood risks" (Ahiablame & Shakya, 2016). The overall goal of this research was to develop a deeper understanding of the role of riparian buffers in provision of flood regulating hydrologic ecosystem services (HESs) in an urbanizing watershed. Indicators of flood regulation quantified in this research include changes in total inflow volume and peak inflow. Historic (event-based and continuous) and climate change precipitation data (CMIP5), in conjunction with four riparian buffer land use scenarios, were used to evaluate the impact of climate change and riparian buffer management on HES provision in the Blue River Watershed in the Kansas City area using PCSWMM modeling software. Results indicated riparian buffer restoration around all streams including ephemeral streams offers the greatest flood regulating HESs, providing significant total inflow reduction across the watershed and more frequent reduction of peak inflow. Flood regulating HESs were still provided when the riparian buffer was restored around main channels only but to a much lesser extent. Similar trends were observed under event-based and continuous model simulations. While the datasets utilized in this study are site specific, the findings are widely applicable. With the threat of urbanization and climate change on the rise, policy makers should use these findings to support creation of policy to restore and protect riparian areas.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309082951 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 449
Book Description
The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their important ecological functions including maintenance of high water quality and provision of fish and wildlife habitat. However, this protection generally does not encompass riparian areasâ€"the lands bordering rivers and lakesâ€"even though they often provide the same functions as wetlands. Growing recognition of the similarities in wetland and riparian area functioning and the differences in their legal protection led the NRC in 1999 to undertake a study of riparian areas, which has culminated in Riparian Areas: Functioning and Strategies for Management. The report is intended to heighten awareness of riparian areas commensurate with their ecological and societal values. The primary conclusion is that, because riparian areas perform a disproportionate number of biological and physical functions on a unit area basis, restoration of riparian functions along America's waterbodies should be a national goal.
Author: George Patrick Malanson Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521384311 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 308
Book Description
Riparian Landscapes examines the ecological systems of streamside and floodplain areas from the perspective of landscape ecology. The specific spatial pattern of riparian vegetation is seen as a result of, and a control on, the ecological, geomorphological, and hydrological processes that operate along rivers. Riparian structures are controlled by the spatial dynamics of channels, flooding and soil moisture. These dynamics are part of integrated cascades of water, sediment, nutrients and carbon, to which animal and plant species respond in ways that illuminate community structure and competition. The role of the riparian zone in controlling species distribution and abundance is discussed. Intelligent management of these valuable ecological resources is highlighted. The potential for linking hydrological, geomorphological and ecological simulation models is also explored. This book will be of interest to graduate and professional research workers in environmental science, ecology and physical geography.
Author: Peter F. Ffolliott Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0203497759 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 429
Book Description
The demand for water resulting from massive population and economic growth in the southwestern U.S. overwhelmed traditional uses of riparian areas. As a consequence, many of these uniquely-structured ecosystems have been altered or destroyed. Within recent years people have become increasingly aware of the many uses and benefits of riparian zones a
Author: Outen Publisher: International Water Assn ISBN: 9781843397014 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
This project was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of urban riparian forest buffers for a number of potential functions. States and local jurisdictions are increasingly requiring riparian buffers during the development of land for urban uses. At the same time these same jurisdictions must meet the requirements of Total Maximum Daily Loads for pollutant reduction, NPDES-Municipal Stormwater Discharge Permits, and other environmental programs, such as, the Chesapeake Bay Program that require not only pollutant load reductions, but also habitat improvements. This research provides needed information urban riparian forest buffers through a field research design that incorporated a contrast between three sites with a high degree of forested riparian buffer with three sites that had a low amount of forested buffer. The research included, hydrologic measurements, pollutant concentration and load measurements, temperature recordation, buffer floristic analysis, and stream benthic community analysis. This study demonstrates the value of urban riparian forest buffers as a Best Management Practice and provides a model ordinance for use in the development of local jurisdiction stream buffer requirements. This report is available as a pay-per-view item only.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309172683 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 569
Book Description
In 1997, New York City adopted a mammoth watershed agreement to protect its drinking water and avoid filtration of its large upstate surface water supply. Shortly thereafter, the NRC began an analysis of the agreement's scientific validity. The resulting book finds New York City's watershed agreement to be a good template for proactive watershed management that, if properly implemented, will maintain high water quality. However, it cautions that the agreement is not a guarantee of permanent filtration avoidance because of changing regulations, uncertainties regarding pollution sources, advances in treatment technologies, and natural variations in watershed conditions. The book recommends that New York City place its highest priority on pathogenic microorganisms in the watershed and direct its resources toward improving methods for detecting pathogens, understanding pathogen transport and fate, and demonstrating that best management practices will remove pathogens. Other recommendations, which are broadly applicable to surface water supplies across the country, target buffer zones, stormwater management, water quality monitoring, and effluent trading.
Author: Ellen S. Verry Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9781566705011 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 430
Book Description
The timing could not be better for addressing riparian area management and the resulting impacts of surface water. The Forest Service leadership team has identified water and watershed management as the issue of the upcoming decade. These factors and more have moved riparian forests to the forefront of environmental management. Riparian Management in Forests of the Continental Eastern United States gives you the tools you need to take on this task. Each day, thousands of natural resource professionals face the problems involved in managing riparian forests. The challenge: fragmented ownership, fragmented ecosystems, and diverse interest groups. The solution requires a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on a complex mix of government agencies, private interests, and local communities as exemplified in the following initiatives: Chesapeake Bay Program "Save the Bay" Inland West Water Strategy New York City Watershed Project The Pacific Habitat Strategy The Anadromous Fish Habitat Riparian Management in Forests of the Continental Eastern United States summarizes the state-of-the-art in the management of forested riparian areas. It serves as a desktop reference for natural resource administrators, educators, and on-the-ground managers from industry, consulting firms, and municipal, state, and federal agencies who routinely face the complex problems of protecting riparian areas. Features
Author: Jessica Jane Stanton
Author: Jessica Jane Stanton
Author: National Research Council
Author: Laura Lozano de Sosa Miralles
Author: George Patrick Malanson
Author: Peter F. Ffolliott
Author: Outen
Author: National Research Council
Author: Ellen S. Verry
Author: Robert J. Naiman
Author: Cynthia Rosenzweig