The Role of Data Supported Decision-making Technology in Respiratory Care PDF Download

Author: Helena Tendedez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Dean T. Jamison
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821361805
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1449

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Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.

Author: Teresa L. Thompson
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136931678
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 691

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The Routledge Handbook of Health Communication brings together the current body of scholarly work in health communication. With its expansive scope, it offers an introduction for those new to this area, summarizes work for those already learned in the area, and suggests avenues for future research on the relationships between communicative processes and health/health care delivery. This second edition of the Handbook has been organized to reflect the goals of health communication: understanding to make informed decisions and to promote formal and informal systems of care linked to health and well-being. It emphasizes work in such areas as barriers to disclosure in family conversations and medical interactions, access to popular media and advertising, and individual searches online for information and support to guide decisions and behaviors with health consequences. This edition also adds an overview of methods used in health communication and the unique challenges facing health communication researchers applying traditional methods to efforts to gain reliable and valid evidence about the role of communication for health. It introduces the promise of translational research being conducted by health communication researchers from multiple disciplines to form transdisciplinary theories and teams to increase the well-being of not only humans but the systems of care within their nations. Arguably the most comprehensive scholarly resource available for study in this area, the Routledge Handbook of Health Communication serves an invaluable role and reference for students, researchers, and scholars doing work in health communication.

Author: MIT Critical Data
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319437429
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 435

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This book trains the next generation of scientists representing different disciplines to leverage the data generated during routine patient care. It formulates a more complete lexicon of evidence-based recommendations and support shared, ethical decision making by doctors with their patients. Diagnostic and therapeutic technologies continue to evolve rapidly, and both individual practitioners and clinical teams face increasingly complex ethical decisions. Unfortunately, the current state of medical knowledge does not provide the guidance to make the majority of clinical decisions on the basis of evidence. The present research infrastructure is inefficient and frequently produces unreliable results that cannot be replicated. Even randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the traditional gold standards of the research reliability hierarchy, are not without limitations. They can be costly, labor intensive, and slow, and can return results that are seldom generalizable to every patient population. Furthermore, many pertinent but unresolved clinical and medical systems issues do not seem to have attracted the interest of the research enterprise, which has come to focus instead on cellular and molecular investigations and single-agent (e.g., a drug or device) effects. For clinicians, the end result is a bit of a “data desert” when it comes to making decisions. The new research infrastructure proposed in this book will help the medical profession to make ethically sound and well informed decisions for their patients.

Author: Ying Ling Lin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Intensive care clinicians face an ever-increasing burden of continuous data from monitoring and therapeutic technologies. Under typically hurried and stressful conditions, these continuous arrays of high-resolution data make interpretation even more challenging. Data integration technologies that organize and visually communicate meaning may potentially improve team decision making but have yet to show compelling evidence on the benefits to individual performance, or team performance for that matter. Facets of decision making which are not well understood are the role of contemporary intensive care technologies in decision making, the technology-mediated cognitive processes, and the effects of dense, multi-parametric visualizations on data retrieval, integration and interpretation tasks. Therefore, this thesis investigates these facets of decision making in the contemporary intensive care unit from the perspective of physicians, nurses and respiratory therapists. The focus on clinicians in this particular sociotechnical setting is known as Human factors, an area of research which seeks to understand the interaction between humans and technologies and optimize overall system performance. Through the lens of these three types of clinicians we inform the design of data integration technologies, specifically T3TM, a state-of-the-art data integration and visualization technology. It enables tasks related to Tracking of physiologic signals, displaying Trajectory, and Triggering decisions. This thesis consists of a systematic review of literature related to data integration and visualization technology for intensive care decision-making and three experimental phases. First, the systematic review was conducted to identify studies that looked at decision making processes using technological sources and the facilitation of these processes using decision support tools. The systematic review identified qualitative studies which described physicians' and nurses' cognitive processes during clinical tasks and quantitative studies which measured differences in human performance in terms of time, accuracy of decisions, and cognitive load. Collectively, the most mature technologies had been developed over decades and were informed by both qualitative and quantitative studies. A meta-analysis, or aggregation of data from multiple studies, found that perceived mental and temporal demands were lower, and performance was better with new data visualizations compared to traditional paper-based systems. Second, the cognitive processes of physicians, nurses and respiratory therapists, were analyzed using the macrocognition framework, a taxonomy for cognitive processes occurring in complex, real-world settings. The framework was used to analyze interview data of critical decision-making and the role of technology-mediated sources. Among ten macrocognitive processes, Sensemaking was heavily informed and influenced by technology. For Sensemaking, physicians utilized all sources available and compartmentalized the data sets according to different physiological systems. Nurses were the most active in their manipulation of technology and devoted much of their cognition to communicating information to physicians and respiratory therapists. Respiratory therapists made sense of data specific to the respiratory system and had in-depth knowledge of respiratory support data. These findings suggest that to improve team care, it is essential that data integration technologies be designed for nurse usability and that Sensemaking should be tailored to each type of clinician. Third, a heuristic evaluation method, a low-cost method to test interface compliance with usability design principles, was conducted on T3TM. Evaluation, by a team of two clinicians and two human factors specialists found 50 usability issues associated with 194 heuristic violations. Issues included (1) difficulty with choosing the time period of the patient data signals, (2) distinguishing between several patient signals and (3) imperceptible changes in physiological values; both issues could lead nurses to misinterpret the timing and/or the physiological status of the patient (e.g., time of shock and exact value of vitals). Timescale manipulation and rapid visualization of out-of-range signals were identified as catastrophic issues that should be addressed. Fourth, usability testing identified interface facilitators and barriers to the use of T3TM by physicians, nurses and respiratory therapists. The current interface facilitated simple tracking and trajectory tasks when a small set of parameters were displayed simultaneously. The barriers included: (1) difficulty with acquiring multiple parameter data from data-dense visualizations and perceiving out-of-target data and (2) limited clinical context of integrated continuous data due separate clinical notes (e.g., in the electronic medical record). Though T3TM integrated and condensed large amounts of data, visual pattern overload and poor data recall obfuscated the raw data and thus, hindered data interpretation. While this study tested T3TM, findings and design recommendations may be applied generally to technologies that display data in a similar format or to the same degree of integration, as the T3TM version studied. Overall, this thesis contributes to the understanding of how fractured clinical data and information systems and their integration impact intensive care cognitive work.

Author: Dean Hess
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN: 076376003X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1397

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A new edition of the classic text, is for respiratory care students who desire a complete and up to date exploration of the technical and professional aspects of respiratory care. With foundations in evidence-based practice, this resource reviews respiratory assessment, respiratory therapeutics, respiratory diseases, basic sciences and their application to respiratory care, the respiratory care profession, and much more. Edited and authored by leading experts, it incorporates the latest information on the practice of respiratory care into a well-organized, reader-friendly guide to help students learn to develop care plans, critical thinking skills, strong communication and patient education skills, and the clinical leadership skills needed to succeed. This text provides essential information in a practical and manageable format for optimal learning and retention. Features include Clinical Practice Guidelines, Key Points, and Respiratory Recaps to help students apply knowledge to practice and retain key information, as well as hundreds of glossary terms with clear definitions, and concise explanations of important concepts and equations. Also includes full color photos and illustrations, and content cross-referencing the NBRC examination matrices.

Author: MIT Critical Data
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319437408
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 609

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Book Description
This book trains the next generation of scientists representing different disciplines to leverage the data generated during routine patient care. It formulates a more complete lexicon of evidence-based recommendations and support shared, ethical decision making by doctors with their patients. Diagnostic and therapeutic technologies continue to evolve rapidly, and both individual practitioners and clinical teams face increasingly complex ethical decisions. Unfortunately, the current state of medical knowledge does not provide the guidance to make the majority of clinical decisions on the basis of evidence. The present research infrastructure is inefficient and frequently produces unreliable results that cannot be replicated. Even randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the traditional gold standards of the research reliability hierarchy, are not without limitations. They can be costly, labor intensive, and slow, and can return results that are seldom generalizable to every patient population. Furthermore, many pertinent but unresolved clinical and medical systems issues do not seem to have attracted the interest of the research enterprise, which has come to focus instead on cellular and molecular investigations and single-agent (e.g., a drug or device) effects. For clinicians, the end result is a bit of a “data desert” when it comes to making decisions. The new research infrastructure proposed in this book will help the medical profession to make ethically sound and well informed decisions for their patients.

Author: Robert M. Kacmarek
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 032359798X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1403

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Learn the principles and skills you'll need as a respiratory therapist! Egan’s Fundamentals of Respiratory Care, 12th Edition provides a solid foundation in respiratory care and covers the latest advances in this ever-changing field. Known as "the bible for respiratory care," this text makes it easy to understand the role of the respiratory therapist, the scientific basis for treatment, and clinical applications. Comprehensive chapters correlate to the 2020 NBRC Exam matrices, preparing you for clinical and exam success. Written by noted educators Robert Kacmarek, James Stoller, and Albert Heuer, this edition includes new chapters on heart failure as well as ethics and end-of-life care, plus the latest AARC practice guidelines. Updated content reflects the newest advances in respiratory care, preparing you to succeed in today's health care environment. UNIQUE! Mini-Clinis provide case scenarios challenging you to use critical thinking in solving problems encountered during actual patient care. Decision trees developed by hospitals highlight the use of therapist-driven protocols to assess a patient, initiate care, and evaluate outcomes. Rules of Thumb highlight rules, formulas, and key points that are important to clinical practice. Learning objectives align with the summary checklists, highlighting key content at the beginning and at the end of each chapter, and parallel the three areas tested on the 2020 NBRC Exam matrices. Learning resources on the Evolve companion website include an NBRC correlation guide, image collection, lecture notes, Body Spectrum electronic anatomy coloring book, and an English/Spanish glossary. Student workbook provides a practical study guide reflecting this edition of the text, offering numerous case studies, experiments, and hands-on activities. Available separately. Full-color design calls attention to the text’s special features and promotes learning. Glossary includes key terms and definitions needed for learning concepts. NEW Heart Failure chapter covers the disease that is the most frequent cause of unscheduled hospital admissions. NEW Ethics and End-of-Life Care chapter explains related issues and how to help patients and their families. NEW! Improved readability makes the text easier to read and concepts easier to understand. NEW! Updated practice guidelines from the AARC (American Association for Respiratory Care) are included within the relevant chapters. NEW! Updated chapters include topics such as arterial lines, stroke, ACLS, PALS, hemodynamics, polysomnography, waveform interpretation, and laryngectomy. NEW! Streamlined format eliminates redundancy and complex verbiage.

Author:
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4947

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Author: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ
Publisher: Government Printing Office
ISBN: 1587634333
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 385

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Book Description
This User’s Guide is intended to support the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and quality evaluation of registries created to increase understanding of patient outcomes. For the purposes of this guide, a patient registry is an organized system that uses observational study methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) to evaluate specified outcomes for a population defined by a particular disease, condition, or exposure, and that serves one or more predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purposes. A registry database is a file (or files) derived from the registry. Although registries can serve many purposes, this guide focuses on registries created for one or more of the following purposes: to describe the natural history of disease, to determine clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of health care products and services, to measure or monitor safety and harm, and/or to measure quality of care. Registries are classified according to how their populations are defined. For example, product registries include patients who have been exposed to biopharmaceutical products or medical devices. Health services registries consist of patients who have had a common procedure, clinical encounter, or hospitalization. Disease or condition registries are defined by patients having the same diagnosis, such as cystic fibrosis or heart failure. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews.