Author: Vanessa Maria López Barquero (Ph., D)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Cosmic rays are detected on Earth with an energy-dependent anisotropy in their arrival direction. Recent experimental results of this arrival distribution of high-energy cosmic rays (CRs) have motivated studies aimed at improving our understanding of the cosmic ray transport and their propagating media. This arrival distribution involves a convolution of the distribution of sources and the effects of the magnetic field properties through which particles propagate. Nonetheless, no comprehensive explanation has been put forth to date. Understanding what causes this cosmic-ray anisotropy and how we can use it to learn about the characteristics of the media they traverse are the central questions of this thesis. More specifically, this dissertation will explore the effects of magnetic fields and various magnetic structures on the anisotropy of arriving CRs from TeV to PeV scales. These contributions can impact the largest angular scale to the medium- and small-scale angular structures. This investigation centers around the effects of three physical processes: one on the chaotic behavior in coherent magnetic structures, another one on magnetic turbulence, and a third on heliospheric effects First, we detail the effects of chaos and trapping in coherent structures on the CR propagation. We apply a new method to characterize chaotic trajectories in bound systems. This method is based on the Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE), which determines the degree of chaos in the particles' trajectories. Furthermore, we model a coherent magnetic structure with time-perturbations that can be used to describe distinct magnetic systems and processes. Our results show that the FTLE, i.e., the level of chaos, is related to the CRs escape time from the system by a power-law relation. Additionally, this power law persists even if perturbations act on the system, pointing to the idea that this specific power law could be an essential parameter of the system. We also find that CRs can be divided into different categories according to their chaotic behavior. Moreover, these categories are distributed in specific regions in the arrival distribution maps. This means that various regions on the map could develop differently from one to another in time. Therefore, this result can provide the basis for time-variability in the CR arrival direction maps. We also discuss how turbulence in the interstellar medium can modify CR trajectories. To investigate this idea, we perform numerical integration of particle trajectories in compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence to study how the CRs arrival direction distribution is perturbed when streamed along the local turbulent magnetic field. We found that this inhomogeneous and turbulent interstellar magnetic field can imprint its structure on the CR maps. Another aspect explored is the heliospheric influence on particles with rigidities in the range of 1-10 TV. We test if anisotropies may arise from the interaction with the heliosphere. We employed a magnetic field model of the heliosphere for this goal and performed forward-propagating numerical calculations of particle trajectories. Our results show that the heliosphere can strongly redistribute the particles' directions, making it an indispensable component for the anisotropy. Finally, through these magnetic structures and mechanisms, we can learn about how CRs propagate and their arrival distribution. However, these particles can also act as probes for the properties of the different media they traverse and their places of origin. Therefore, the study of cosmic rays opens multiple doors for a better understanding of the universe.
The Role of Chaos and Magnetic Fields in the Cosmic Ray Anisotropy
Author: Vanessa Maria López Barquero (Ph., D)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Cosmic rays are detected on Earth with an energy-dependent anisotropy in their arrival direction. Recent experimental results of this arrival distribution of high-energy cosmic rays (CRs) have motivated studies aimed at improving our understanding of the cosmic ray transport and their propagating media. This arrival distribution involves a convolution of the distribution of sources and the effects of the magnetic field properties through which particles propagate. Nonetheless, no comprehensive explanation has been put forth to date. Understanding what causes this cosmic-ray anisotropy and how we can use it to learn about the characteristics of the media they traverse are the central questions of this thesis. More specifically, this dissertation will explore the effects of magnetic fields and various magnetic structures on the anisotropy of arriving CRs from TeV to PeV scales. These contributions can impact the largest angular scale to the medium- and small-scale angular structures. This investigation centers around the effects of three physical processes: one on the chaotic behavior in coherent magnetic structures, another one on magnetic turbulence, and a third on heliospheric effects First, we detail the effects of chaos and trapping in coherent structures on the CR propagation. We apply a new method to characterize chaotic trajectories in bound systems. This method is based on the Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE), which determines the degree of chaos in the particles' trajectories. Furthermore, we model a coherent magnetic structure with time-perturbations that can be used to describe distinct magnetic systems and processes. Our results show that the FTLE, i.e., the level of chaos, is related to the CRs escape time from the system by a power-law relation. Additionally, this power law persists even if perturbations act on the system, pointing to the idea that this specific power law could be an essential parameter of the system. We also find that CRs can be divided into different categories according to their chaotic behavior. Moreover, these categories are distributed in specific regions in the arrival distribution maps. This means that various regions on the map could develop differently from one to another in time. Therefore, this result can provide the basis for time-variability in the CR arrival direction maps. We also discuss how turbulence in the interstellar medium can modify CR trajectories. To investigate this idea, we perform numerical integration of particle trajectories in compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence to study how the CRs arrival direction distribution is perturbed when streamed along the local turbulent magnetic field. We found that this inhomogeneous and turbulent interstellar magnetic field can imprint its structure on the CR maps. Another aspect explored is the heliospheric influence on particles with rigidities in the range of 1-10 TV. We test if anisotropies may arise from the interaction with the heliosphere. We employed a magnetic field model of the heliosphere for this goal and performed forward-propagating numerical calculations of particle trajectories. Our results show that the heliosphere can strongly redistribute the particles' directions, making it an indispensable component for the anisotropy. Finally, through these magnetic structures and mechanisms, we can learn about how CRs propagate and their arrival distribution. However, these particles can also act as probes for the properties of the different media they traverse and their places of origin. Therefore, the study of cosmic rays opens multiple doors for a better understanding of the universe.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Cosmic rays are detected on Earth with an energy-dependent anisotropy in their arrival direction. Recent experimental results of this arrival distribution of high-energy cosmic rays (CRs) have motivated studies aimed at improving our understanding of the cosmic ray transport and their propagating media. This arrival distribution involves a convolution of the distribution of sources and the effects of the magnetic field properties through which particles propagate. Nonetheless, no comprehensive explanation has been put forth to date. Understanding what causes this cosmic-ray anisotropy and how we can use it to learn about the characteristics of the media they traverse are the central questions of this thesis. More specifically, this dissertation will explore the effects of magnetic fields and various magnetic structures on the anisotropy of arriving CRs from TeV to PeV scales. These contributions can impact the largest angular scale to the medium- and small-scale angular structures. This investigation centers around the effects of three physical processes: one on the chaotic behavior in coherent magnetic structures, another one on magnetic turbulence, and a third on heliospheric effects First, we detail the effects of chaos and trapping in coherent structures on the CR propagation. We apply a new method to characterize chaotic trajectories in bound systems. This method is based on the Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE), which determines the degree of chaos in the particles' trajectories. Furthermore, we model a coherent magnetic structure with time-perturbations that can be used to describe distinct magnetic systems and processes. Our results show that the FTLE, i.e., the level of chaos, is related to the CRs escape time from the system by a power-law relation. Additionally, this power law persists even if perturbations act on the system, pointing to the idea that this specific power law could be an essential parameter of the system. We also find that CRs can be divided into different categories according to their chaotic behavior. Moreover, these categories are distributed in specific regions in the arrival distribution maps. This means that various regions on the map could develop differently from one to another in time. Therefore, this result can provide the basis for time-variability in the CR arrival direction maps. We also discuss how turbulence in the interstellar medium can modify CR trajectories. To investigate this idea, we perform numerical integration of particle trajectories in compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence to study how the CRs arrival direction distribution is perturbed when streamed along the local turbulent magnetic field. We found that this inhomogeneous and turbulent interstellar magnetic field can imprint its structure on the CR maps. Another aspect explored is the heliospheric influence on particles with rigidities in the range of 1-10 TV. We test if anisotropies may arise from the interaction with the heliosphere. We employed a magnetic field model of the heliosphere for this goal and performed forward-propagating numerical calculations of particle trajectories. Our results show that the heliosphere can strongly redistribute the particles' directions, making it an indispensable component for the anisotropy. Finally, through these magnetic structures and mechanisms, we can learn about how CRs propagate and their arrival distribution. However, these particles can also act as probes for the properties of the different media they traverse and their places of origin. Therefore, the study of cosmic rays opens multiple doors for a better understanding of the universe.
Anisotropy of the Cosmic-ray Flux Caused by an Interplanetary Magnetic Field
Author: Ronald Rice Harrington
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cosmic magnetic fields
Languages : en
Pages : 64
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cosmic magnetic fields
Languages : en
Pages : 64
Book Description
A Simple Model of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field. Part 2: The Cosmic Ray Anisotropy
Author: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields
Author: Hanns Ruder
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642788203
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
A clear and accessible introduction to quantum mechanical methods used to calculate properties of atoms exposed to strong magnetic fields in both laboratory and stellar environments, with the emphasis on hydrogen and helium and their isoelectronic sequences. The results of the detailed calculations are listed in tables, making it a useful handbook for astrophysicists and atomic physicists alike.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642788203
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description
A clear and accessible introduction to quantum mechanical methods used to calculate properties of atoms exposed to strong magnetic fields in both laboratory and stellar environments, with the emphasis on hydrogen and helium and their isoelectronic sequences. The results of the detailed calculations are listed in tables, making it a useful handbook for astrophysicists and atomic physicists alike.
Astrophysical Magnetic Fields
Author: Anvar Shukurov
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521861055
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 641
Book Description
This self-contained introduction to astrophysical magnetic fields provides a comprehensive review of the current state of the field and a critical discussion of the latest research. Its emphasis on results that are likely to form the basis for future progress benefits a broad audience of advanced students and active researchers.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521861055
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 641
Book Description
This self-contained introduction to astrophysical magnetic fields provides a comprehensive review of the current state of the field and a critical discussion of the latest research. Its emphasis on results that are likely to form the basis for future progress benefits a broad audience of advanced students and active researchers.
Matter, Antimatter and Dark Matter
Author: Roberto Battiston
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981238118X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Book Description
This book presents the progress in cosmic ray physics following the recent results obtained by balloon, satellite and underground experiments. The following topics are reviewed: Composition and propagation of cosmic rays, trapping of charged particles in the earth's magnetic field, atmospheric neutrinos, and high energy photon measurements in space.
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981238118X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Book Description
This book presents the progress in cosmic ray physics following the recent results obtained by balloon, satellite and underground experiments. The following topics are reviewed: Composition and propagation of cosmic rays, trapping of charged particles in the earth's magnetic field, atmospheric neutrinos, and high energy photon measurements in space.
Cosmic Ray Propagation in Turbulent Galactic Magnetic Fields
Literature 1992, Part 1
Author: Astronomisches Recheninstitut
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662123797
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1456
Book Description
"Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts" appearing twice a year has become oneof the fundamental publications in the fields of astronomy, astrophysics andneighbouring sciences. It is the most important English-language abstracting journal in the mentioned branches. The abstracts are classified under more than a hundred subject categories, thus permitting a quick survey of the whole extended material. The AAA is a valuable and important publication for all students and scientists working in the fields of astronomy and related sciences. As such it represents a necessary ingredient of any astronomical library all over the world.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662123797
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1456
Book Description
"Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts" appearing twice a year has become oneof the fundamental publications in the fields of astronomy, astrophysics andneighbouring sciences. It is the most important English-language abstracting journal in the mentioned branches. The abstracts are classified under more than a hundred subject categories, thus permitting a quick survey of the whole extended material. The AAA is a valuable and important publication for all students and scientists working in the fields of astronomy and related sciences. As such it represents a necessary ingredient of any astronomical library all over the world.