Author: Kylie D. ColinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body weight
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Book Description
The Relationship Between Nutrition Knowledge, Diet Quality, and Body Mass Index
Author: Kylie D. ColinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body weight
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Book Description
Diet Quality
Author: Victor R. PreedyPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461473152
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 429
Book Description
Diet quality is a broad term that encapsulates both perceived and actual practices, personal preferences and cultural diversity. Measuring dietary quality can be problematic and includes investigating food types, the number or size of portions or their frequency. Diet quality may also be related to the type of food being ingested, snacking and other eating habits. Manufactured beverages and fast food may also be included as well as microbiological quality and attempts to improve single food items such as meats or vegetables. In this book, Diet Quality: An Evidence-Based Approach, Volume 2 all of the major facets of diet quality in relation to health outcomes are covered. This important new text includes methods for determining diet quality while adopting a holistic approach to impart information on the major areas of concern or knowledge. Chapters link in measurable indices of health such as obesity, pregnancy outcomes, cancer and cancer outcomes, and mortality. This book represents a diverse set of subject matters and seeks to fill a gap in the literature at a time when there is an increasing awareness that well being is associated with the qualitative nature of diets. Contributors are authors of international and national standing and emerging fields of science are incorporated. Diet Quality: An Evidence-Based Approach, Volume 2 is a useful new text designed for nutritionists, dietitians, clinicians, epidemiologist, policy makers and health care professionals of various disciplines.
Diet Quality
Author: Victor R. PreedyPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146147339X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 340
Book Description
Diet quality is a broad term that encapsulates both perceived and actual practices, personal preferences and cultural diversity. Measuring dietary quality can be problematic and includes investigating food types, the number or size of portions or their frequency. Diet quality may also be related to the type of food being ingested, snacking and other eating habits. Manufactured beverages and fast food may also be included as well as microbiological quality and attempts to improve single food items such as meats or vegetables. In this book, Diet Quality: An Evidence-Based Approach, Volume 1 all of the major facets of diet quality in relation to health outcomes are covered. This important new text includes methods for determining diet quality while adopting a holistic approach to impart information on the major areas of concern or knowledge. Chapters link in measurable indices of health such as obesity, pregnancy outcomes, cancer and cancer outcomes, and mortality. This book represents a diverse set of subject matters and seeks to fill a gap in the literature at a time when there is an increasing awareness that well being is associated with the qualitative nature of diets. Contributors are authors of international and national standing and emerging fields of science are incorporated. Diet Quality: An Evidence-Based Approach, Volume 1 is a useful new text designed for nutritionists, dietitians, clinicians, epidemiologist, policy makers and health care professionals of various disciplines.
The Relationship Among Nutrition Knowledge, Dietary Behaviors and Body Mass Index in Individuals in a Community Setting
Author: Deborah A. KennedyInfluence of the Home Environment on Diet Quality and Weight Status of Adolescents
Author: Tamara TabbakhPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
The home environment is a critical setting for the development of weight status in adolescence. At present a limited number of valid and reliable tools are available to evaluate the weight-related comprehensive home environment of this population. Aim 1a was to develop and validate the Multidimensional Home Environment Scale (MHES), which measures multiple components of the home. This scale includes psychological, social, and environmental domains from the perspective of adolescents and their mothers. After establishing content validity via an expert panel in nutrition, a validation sample of 218 mother-adolescent dyads completed a demographics survey and original version of the MHES. A focus group with the target population of adolescents (n=7) was conducted and feedback regarding item difficulty, content, bias, and relevance was incorporated. Principal components analysis yielded a 12-factor structure for adolescents and 14-factor structure for mothers. Internal consistency reliability was achieved for the majority of subscales, with [alpha]=0.5-0.9 for adolescents and [alpha]=0.7-0.9 for mothers. In addition, the MHES showed test-retest reliability for both adolescents (r=0.90) and mothers (r=0.91). Aim 1 b was to develop and validate a Nutrition Knowledge scale using the same sample as Aim 1a. Nutrition knowledge was assessed in this sample of 114 dyads. A 20-item scale was modified from previous version developed by the author. This instrument was composed of multiple-choice questions classified into four categories of knowledge: macronutrient, micronutrient, healthy eating and physical activity recommendations and fast-food nutrition. Content validity of the scale was established using feedback from an expert panel in nutrition (n=10) and a focus group of the sample population tested (n=7). The scale demonstrated high internal consistency reliability (adolescents: [alpha]=0.70, mothers: [alpha]=0.78) and test-retest reliability (adolescents: r=0.47, p=0.01, mothers: r=0.77, p=0.00). Aim 2 was to examine the impact of the comprehensive home environment on diet quality and weight status of adolescents using the MHES. A sample of 206 mothers and adolescents were recruited from local middle schools in the Austin area and completed a demographics survey, final version of the MHES, Food Frequency Questionnaire, and a Nutrition Knowledge scale online. Weight and height of adolescents were measured by the author using a standard protocols. Body Mass Index (BMI)-for-age percentiles were determined using the Center for Disease Control growth charts. Diet quality was estimated using the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Two models were created and reported in this dissertation. The first univariate model included each of the home environment factors as independent variables, and diet quality and BMI as dependent variables. The second model was developed using significant variables only from the initial model. Availability of healthy foods (p=0.00), healthy eating attitude (p=0.01), and accessibility to unhealthy foods (p=0.04) in the home were the strongest predictors of diet quality. Self-efficacy (p=0.02) and availability of healthy foods (p=0.02) emerged as significant predictors of BMI. Aim 3 of this dissertation research was to determine the effect of nutrition knowledge on the home environment and diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index-2010. This aim was accomplished using the same sample as Aim 2. It was hypothesized that the comprehensive home, with its psychological, social, and environmental features, would mediate the relationship between maternal nutrition knowledge and diet quality. A non-linear relationship between nutrition knowledge of the mother and diet quality of the adolescent was observed. Inclusion of the mediator in the model yielded significant estimates of the indirect effect ([beta]=0.61, 95% CI: 0.3-1.0), with a 65.2% reduction in the model. This suggests that the home environment functioned as a partial mediator of the influence of nutrition knowledge on diet quality. Then, mediation analysis with the combination of psychological, social, and environmental factors was conducted in three separate regressions. Psychological ([beta]=0.46), social ([beta]=0.23), and environmental ([beta]=0.65) variables were all significant mediators of nutrition knowledge on diet quality. Collectively, these results suggest that the MHES is an appropriate tool for measurement of the nutritional home environment of adolescents. The home environment appeared to significantly modulate diet quality and BMI of adolescents, particularly with respect to availability of healthy foods, healthy eating attitudes, and self-efficacy.
Dietary assessment
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsPublisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251306354
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 172
Book Description
FAO provides countries with technical support to conduct nutrition assessments, in particular to build the evidence base required for countries to achieve commitments made at the Second International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2) and under the 2016-2025 UN Decade of Action on Nutrition. Such concrete evidence can only derive from precise and valid measures of what people eat and drink. There is a wide range of dietary assessment methods available to measure food and nutrient intakes (expressed as energy insufficiency, diet quality and food patterns etc.) in diet and nutrition surveys, in impact surveys, and in monitoring and evaluation. Differenct indicators can be selected according to a study's objectives, sample population, costs and required precision. In low capacity settings, a number of other issues should be considered (e.g. availability of food composition tables, cultural and community specific issues, such as intra-household distribution of foods and eating from shared plates, etc.). This manual aims to signpost for the users the best way to measure food and nutrient intakes and to enhance their understanding of the key features, strengths and limitations of various methods. It also highlights a number of common methodological considerations involved in the selection process. Target audience comprises of individuals (policy-makers, programme managers, educators, health professionals including dietitians and nutritionists, field workers and researchers) involved in national surveys, programme planning and monitoring and evaluation in low capacity settings, as well as those in charge of knowledge brokering for policy-making.
The Psychosocial Determinants of Diet Quality and Dietary Intake
Author: Carolyn Jean AlishPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Women
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Abstract: The majority of women today work outside the home, and the fastest growing segment of working women is the working mother. Many women have retained responsibility for caring for their families and their households despite their fulltime employment. Little is known about the relationship between these multiple roles and her health behaviors. This study examined the relationships among attitudes toward and knowledge of nutrition, outcome values and expectancies, self-efficacy, social support, physical activity level, body image, self-esteem, body mass index, demographic characteristics and diet quality and dietary intake of calcium, iron, folate, total fat, fiber, and kilocalories in 356 fulltime working women 36.3 +/- 6.1 years of age. Social cognitive factors were assessed using a Likert-type questionnaire and a food frequency questionnaire. Body mass index was calculated using self reported height and weight information. Diet quality was determined using the Healthy Eating Index. Qualitative interviewing was conducted in 35 subjects to identify perceptions working women have about their dietary and physical activity behaviors. There was no difference in diet quality or dietary intake between working women children and women without children. Women with children had significantly lower exercise index scores than women without children (p
Dietary Patterns and Whole Plant Foods in Aging and Disease
Author: Mark L. DreherPublisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 3319591800
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 632
Book Description
This text provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on the effects of dietary patterns and whole plant foods on general health, aging, and cardiometabolic disease risk from major prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and their meta-analyses. The book extensively assesses, the effects of lifestyle, dietary patterns, and specific whole plant foods on the quality of aging; the impact of fiber-rich foods on colonic microbiotia and weight regulation, the effects of which influence the quality of aging; the effects of fiber-rich diets on the aging gastrointestinal tract; and the role of dietary patterns and specific whole plant foods on coronary heart disease, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. Figures are extensively used to highlight findings and tables summarizing food composition dietary patterns and whole plant foods. Tables summarizing meta-analyses and representative cohort studies and RCTs provide state-of-the-art coverage of the important effect of dietary patterns and whole plant foods on aging and cardiometabolic diseases. Dietary Patterns and Whole Plant Foods in Aging and Disease will serve as a very useful, state -of -the-art resource for dietitians, physicians, nurses, food industry scientists, researchers, naturopathic doctors, educators and their students interested in the role of dietary patterns and specific whole plant foods on aging and disease. The probability of healthy aging and disease prevention is significantly improved by 70% when individuals and populations follow a healthy lifestyle. Healthy lifestyle choices include adhering to a healthy dietary pattern, increasing physical activity most days of the week, achieving and maintaining lean body weight and waist size, and the cessation of smoking. It is estimated that 90% or more of those in westernized populations are on track for unhealthy aging and increased cardiometabolic disease risk, especially with the obesity pandemic associated with relatively poor diet quality and sedentary lifestyles. Healthy dietary patterns significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality and chronic disease incidence compared to Western dietary patterns. Since healthy whole and minimally processed plant foods vary widely in their nutrient and phytochemical compositions, their overall benefit in aging and disease may vary depending on the specific whole plant foods consumed.
Influences on Children and Adolescent's Diet Quality
Author: Katherine Ann LustFront-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols
Author: Institute of MedicinePublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309218233
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 180
Book Description
During the past decade, tremendous growth has occurred in the use of nutrition symbols and rating systems designed to summarize key nutritional aspects and characteristics of food products. These symbols and the systems that underlie them have become known as front-of-package (FOP) nutrition rating systems and symbols, even though the symbols themselves can be found anywhere on the front of a food package or on a retail shelf tag. Though not regulated and inconsistent in format, content, and criteria, FOP systems and symbols have the potential to provide useful guidance to consumers as well as maximize effectiveness. As a result, Congress directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to undertake a study with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to examine and provide recommendations regarding FOP nutrition rating systems and symbols. The study was completed in two phases. Phase I focused primarily on the nutrition criteria underlying FOP systems. Phase II builds on the results of Phase I while focusing on aspects related to consumer understanding and behavior related to the development of a standardized FOP system. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols focuses on Phase II of the study. The report addresses the potential benefits of a single, standardized front-label food guidance system regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, assesses which icons are most effective with consumer audiences, and considers the systems/icons that best promote health and how to maximize their use.