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Author: David J. Smith Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
We investigate whether the capital structure of New Zealand firms influences their product-market performance in the period from 1984 to 2008. Our main findings are that the use of leverage by publicly listed New Zealand companies leads to an increase in relative-to-industry sales growth, but a decrease in relative-to-industry return on assets (ROA). We also conduct a reverse causality test by examining whether sales growth and ROA influence leverage. We find no evidence that sales growth has an impact on the use of debt, but significant evidence that ROA is negatively correlated with its use. Our results suggest that New Zealand firms use debt to compete more aggressively in their product markets, even though this strategy comes at a cost of lower relative-to-industry profitability. A possible explanation for this behaviour is the more competitive trading environment that has developed in New Zealand over the last 25 years.
Author: David J. Smith Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
We investigate whether the capital structure of New Zealand firms influences their product-market performance in the period from 1984 to 2008. Our main findings are that the use of leverage by publicly listed New Zealand companies leads to an increase in relative-to-industry sales growth, but a decrease in relative-to-industry return on assets (ROA). We also conduct a reverse causality test by examining whether sales growth and ROA influence leverage. We find no evidence that sales growth has an impact on the use of debt, but significant evidence that ROA is negatively correlated with its use. Our results suggest that New Zealand firms use debt to compete more aggressively in their product markets, even though this strategy comes at a cost of lower relative-to-industry profitability. A possible explanation for this behaviour is the more competitive trading environment that has developed in New Zealand over the last 25 years.
Author: Murillo Campello Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
This paper provides firm- and industry-level evidence on the effects of capital structure on product market outcomes for a large cross-section of industries. The analysis uses shocks to aggregate demand as surrogates for exogenous changes in the product market environment, dealing with concerns about the endogenous nature of the relation between financial structure and competitive performance. I find that debt financing has a negative impact on firm (relative-to-industry) sales growth in industries where rivals are relatively unlevered during recessions, but not during booms. In contrast, no such effects are observed for firms competing in high-debt industries. At the industry level, I find that markups are more countercyclical when industry debt is high. The cyclical dynamics I find for firm sales growth and for industry markups are consistent with Chevalier and Scharfstein's (1996) prediction that firms that rely more heavily on external financing are more prone to boost short-term profits at the expense of future sales in response to negative shocks to demand, and that the competitive outcomes resulting from such actions depend on the financial structures of their industry rivals.
Author: Lee Greer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The relationship between capital structure and product market competition is examined using a theoretical model and two econometric analyses. In an extension of Glazer (1994), a theoretical model is derived that allows a quantity leader and follower to issue debt and then twice play a sequential product market game, after which each firm must either repay its debt in full or go bankrupt. It is demonstrated that the follower maximizes operating profit irrespective of capital structure but that the levered quantity leader in every period produces more than the Stackelberg profit-maximizing level of output. As such, the industry characterized by a financially levered leader and follower is more competitive than it otherwise would be. Simultaneous equations models consisting of a demand and supply relation are used to analyze monthly data from the domestic steel industry so as to test whether the industry's increased reliance on debt finance over the period 1958 to 1981 affected competition in the market for steel. The supply relation, which follows from the assumption that firms simultaneously select output in order to maximize profit, is augmented with a sales-weighted debt to market value ratio. Two-stage least squares (2SLS), weighted two-stage least squares (W2SLS), and iterative weighted three-stage least squares (IW3SLS) regressions are estimated. Results from all regressions show a statistically significant and positive relationship between the sales-weighted debt-value ratio and the price of steel, which suggests that increased debt finance served to reduce competition in the domestic steel industry over the sample period. In light of the fact that U.S. Steel's market share over the sample period was significantly higher and less volatile than that of any other integrated producer, the second econometric model tests the null hypothesis of quantity leadership, using insights from the theoretical model. Two supply relations, one for the leader and one for the follower, are derived and estimated. To account for the possibly endogenous decision on the part of U.S. Steel to issue debt, a binomial probit is estimated and its fitted probabilities are included as a predetermined variable in the leader's supply relation. Results show that one must reject the null hypothesis of quantity leadership and that U.S. Steel's decision to issue debt had a positive but statistically insignificant effect on the composite steel price.
Author: Christopher Parsons Publisher: Now Publishers Inc ISBN: 160198202X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 107
Book Description
Empirical Capital Structure reviews the empirical capital structure literature from both the cross-sectional determinants of capital structure as well as time-series changes.
Author: Benjamin M. Friedman Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226264238 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 404
Book Description
The research reported in this volume represents the second stage of a wide-ranging National Bureau of Economic Research effort to investigate "The Changing Role of Debt and Equity in Financing U.S. Capital Formation." The first group of studies sponsored under this project, which have been published individually and summarized in a 1982 volume bearing the same title (Friedman 1982), addressed several key issues relevant to corporate sector behavior along with such other aspects of the evolving financial underpinnings of U.S. capital formation as household saving incentives, international capital flows, and government debt management. In the project's second series of studies, presented at the National Bureau of Economic Research conference in January 1983 and published here for the first time along with commentaries from that conference, the central focus is the financial side of capital formation undertaken by the U.S. corporate business sector. At the same time, because corporations' securities must be held, a parallel focus is on the behavior of the markets that price these claims.
Author: Abdulaziz Istaitieh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
The objective of this work is to offer a theoretical overview of the literature that links capital structure and factor-product markets, in order to show what we do know about these connections. This literature relates some elements of the modern financial theory to the stakeholder theory, industrial organization, and firm's strategic management. Three main points could be highlighted. First, the relevant role of non-financial stakeholders in capital structure design. Second, the interactions existing between capital structure and market structure. Third, the two-direction effect between the firm's capital structure and its strategic behavior in product markets.
Author: Gordon M. Phillips Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 9781568069142 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 62
Book Description
Tests whether capital structure influences product market competition between firms that have sharply increased the debt in their capital structure.
Author: David J. Smith
Author: David J. Smith
Author: Murillo Campello
Author: Lee Greer
Author: Christopher Parsons
Author: Benjamin M. Friedman
Author: Abdulaziz M. Istaitieh
Author: Abdulaziz Istaitieh
Author: Gordon M. Phillips
Author: Judith A. Chevalier
Author: Judith A. Chevalier