Author: Michele Gragnolati Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821398431 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
It has been more than 20 years since Brazil's 1988 Constitution formally established the Unified Health System (Sistema Unico de Saude, SUS). Building on reforms that started in the 1980s, the SUS represented a significant break with the past, establishing health care as a fundamental right and duty of the state and initiating a process of fundamentally transforming Brazil's health system to achieve this goal. This report aims to answer two main questions. First is have the SUS reforms transformed the health system as envisaged 20 years ago? Second, have the reforms led to improvements with regard to access to services, financial protection, and health outcomes? In addressing these questions, the report revisits ground covered in previous assessments, but also brings to bear additional or more recent data and places Brazil's health system in an international context. The report shows that the health system reforms can be credited with significant achievements. The report points to some promising directions for health system reforms that will allow Brazil to continue building on the achievements made to date. Although it is possible to reach some broad conclusions, there are many gaps and caveats in the story. A secondary aim of the report is to consider how some of these gaps can be filled through improved monitoring of health system performance and future research. The introduction presents a short review of the history of the SUS, describes the core principles that underpinned the reform, and offers a brief description of the evaluation framework used in the report. Chapter two presents findings on the extent to which the SUS reforms have transformed the health system, focusing on delivery, financing, and governance. Chapter three asks whether the reforms have resulted in improved outcomes with regard to access to services, financial protection, quality, health outcomes, and efficiency. The con
Author: Ronnie J. Phillips Publisher: M.E. Sharpe ISBN: 9781563244698 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 254
Book Description
This work presents a comprehensive history and evaluation of the role of the 100 percent reserve plan in the banking legislation of the New Deal reform era from its inception in 1933 to its re-emergence in the current financial reform debate in the US.
Author: Lewis E. Lehrman Publisher: The Lehrman Institute ISBN: 0984017801 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 150
Book Description
Of the monetary reform plan -- Introduction -- The purpose of The True Gold Standard -- The properties of gold -- Restoration of the gold dollar -- How we get from here to there -- Conclusion -- Appendix I: Excerpts from the United States Constitution -- Appendix II: Coinage Act of 1792 -- Appendix III: American monetary history in brief, price stability.
Author: John E. McDonough Publisher: Univ of California Press ISBN: 0520274520 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
A guide to the Affordable Care Act, our new national health care law. An account of the process from the 2008 presidential campaign to the moment in 2010 when the bill was signed into law before anyone had a chance to digest the document. At a time when the nation is taking a second look at the ACA, "Inside National Health Reform" provides essential information for Americans to review the governmental processes and politics in enacting this legislation.
Author: Bill Blanchet Publisher: Trafford Publishing ISBN: 1426936397 Category : Fiction Languages : en Pages : 415
Book Description
A devoted high school history teacher, Mr. Besserian enjoys motivating his students at the highly diverse Fillmore High School and tries hard to make his subject matter interesting. His efforts have earned him the Teacher of the Year Award and the respect of the faculty, not to mention the students themselves. But at a staff meeting, Besserian learns of the proposed academic improvement plan for Fillmore High that may fundamentally alter the schooland not for the best. Simply named the Reform Plan, it calls for community involvement on such a large scale that it will virtually turn the school into its own independent city, as well as impose corporate values on the students themselves. Besserian isnt at all sure this is such a wise idea and decides to unearth the truth behind the project by assigning his history class to research it. Besserian and his students start digging into the plan and uncover disturbing and dangerous information that underscores the precarious level of academic instruction in the school. The more they uncover, the more Besserian realizes that greed and corruption are the backbone of the supposed Reform Plan. But can a lone teacher and a group of students possibly stop the juggernaut of Fillmore Highs reform before it destroys the schools very foundation?
Author: Barry Naughton Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521574624 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
This is a comprehensive study of China's economic reforms, from their beginnings at the end of 1978 through the completion of many of the initial reform measures during 1993. The features of Chinese reform that differ from the former USSR are highlighted.
Author: Yingyi Qian Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 026253424X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 414
Book Description
A noted Chinese economist examines the mechanisms behind China's economic reforms, arguing that universal principles and specific implementations are equally important. As China has transformed itself from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, economists have tried to understand and interpret the success of Chinese reform. As the Chinese economist Yingyi Qian explains, there are two schools of thought on Chinese reform: the “School of Universal Principles,” which ascribes China's successful reform to the workings of the free market, and the “School of Chinese Characteristics,” which holds that China's reform is successful precisely because it did not follow the economics of the market but instead relied on the government. In this book, Qian offers a third perspective, taking certain elements from each school of thought but emphasizing not why reform worked but how it did. Economics is a science, but economic reform is applied science and engineering. To a practitioner, it is more useful to find a feasible reform path than the theoretically best way. The key to understanding how reform has worked in China, Qian argues, is to consider the way reform designs respond to initial historical conditions and contemporary constraints. Qian examines the role of “transitional institutions”—not “best practice institutions” but “incentive-compatible institutions”—in Chinese reform; the dual-track approach to market liberalization; the ownership of firms, viewed both theoretically and empirically; government decentralization, offering and testing hypotheses about its link to local economic development; and the specific historical conditions of China's regional-based central planning.
Author: Paul Starr Publisher: Yale University Press ISBN: 0300206666 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 452
Book Description
In no other country has health care served as such a volatile flashpoint of ideological conflict. America has endured a century of rancorous debate on health insurance, and despite the passage of legislation in 2010, the battle is not yet over. This book is a history of how and why the United States became so stubbornly different in health care, presented by an expert with unsurpassed knowledge of the issues. Tracing health-care reform from its beginnings to its current uncertain prospects, Paul Starr argues that the United States ensnared itself in a trap through policies that satisfied enough of the public and so enriched the health-care industry as to make the system difficult to change. He reveals the inside story of the rise and fall of the Clinton health plan in the early 1990sùand of the Gingrich counterrevolution that followed. And he explains the curious tale of how Mitt RomneyÆs reforms in Massachusetts became a model for Democrats and then follows both the passage of those reforms under Obama and the explosive reaction they elicited from conservatives. Writing concisely and with an even hand, the author offers exactly what is needed as the debate continuesùa penetrating account of how health care became such treacherous terrain in American politics.
Author: Anup Malani Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 022625495X Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 365
Book Description
When the Supreme Court's majority ruling in NFIB v. Sebelius upheld the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (the PPACA, or Obamacare), it was clear that this major shift in American health care provision was here to stay. For better or worse, the PPACA is now both a target for, and a constraint on, the next wave of reformist ideas. Driven by curiosity about how the American health care regime will continue to evolve in the near and medium term, Dean Michael Schill and Professor Anup Malani of the University of Chicago Law School commissioned fourteen essays from leading scholars of law, economics, medicine, and public health that offer predictions for the most important issues and debates in health-care reform over the next five to seven years. Essays are arranged in five sections. Part I, ACA and the Law, sets the stage with three essays on legal challenges and justifications for the Act. Part II, ACA and the Federal Budget, explores the variety of potential fiscal consequences resulting from Obamacare. Part III, ACA and Health Care Delivery, offers competing viewpoints on what the Act will ultimately mean for consumers of health care. Part IV, Health Care Costs, Innovation, and the ACA speculates about what the altered financial structure of health care will mean for the pace of development of new medical technologies. Part V, ACA and Health Insurance Markets, concludes the volume with a pair of contrasting assessments of the prospects for the new insurance "exchange" markets.
Author: Michele Gragnolati
Author: Ronnie J. Phillips
Author: Lewis E. Lehrman
Author: Jeremy Bentham
Author: John E. McDonough
Author: Bill Blanchet
Author: Barry Naughton
Author: Yingyi Qian
Author: Paul Starr
Author: Anup Malani