The Physics of Low-dimensional Semiconductors PDF Download

Author: John H. Davies
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107393469
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 580

View

Book Description
The composition of modern semiconductor heterostructures can be controlled precisely on the atomic scale to create low-dimensional systems. These systems have revolutionised semiconductor physics, and their impact on technology, particularly for semiconductor lasers and ultrafast transistors, is widespread and burgeoning. This book provides an introduction to the general principles that underlie low-dimensional semiconductors. As far as possible, simple physical explanations are used, with reference to examples from actual devices. The author shows how, beginning with fundamental results from quantum mechanics and solid-state physics, a formalism can be developed that describes the properties of low-dimensional semiconductor systems. Among numerous examples, two key systems are studied in detail: the two-dimensional electron gas, employed in field-effect transistors, and the quantum well, whose optical properties find application in lasers and other opto-electronic devices. The book includes many exercises and will be invaluable to undergraduate and first-year graduate physics or electrical engineering students taking courses in low-dimensional systems or heterostructure device physics.

Author: Paul N. Butcher
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489924159
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 597

View

Book Description
Presenting the latest advances in artificial structures, this volume discusses in-depth the structure and electron transport mechanisms of quantum wells, superlattices, quantum wires, and quantum dots. It will serve as an invaluable reference and review for researchers and graduate students in solid-state physics, materials science, and electrical and electronic engineering.

Author: Frank J Owens
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9813225874
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 170

View

Book Description
The purpose of this book is two fold. First to explain the properties of low dimensional solids such as electronic, vibrational and magnetic structure in terms of simple models. These are used to account for the properties of three dimensional materials providing an elementary introduction to the physics of low dimensional materials. The second objective is to discuss the properties of newer low dimensional materials not made of carbon. These are now the subject of research and describe various phenomena in them such magnetism and superconductivity.

Author: Keith Barnham
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521599047
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 408

View

Book Description
Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Structures offers a seamless, atoms-to-devices introduction to the latest quantum heterostructures. It covers their fabrication; electronic, optical, and transport properties; role in exploring new physical phenomena; and utilization in devices. The authors describe the epitaxial growth of semiconductors and the physical behavior of electrons and phonons in low-dimensional structures. They then go on to discuss nonlinear optics in quantum heterostructures. The final chapters deal with semiconductor lasers, mesoscopic devices, and high-speed heterostructure devices. The book contains many exercises and comprehensive references.

Author: José L. Morán-López
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306465663
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 466

View

Book Description
This book contains contributions on some of the most important and current topics on the physics of low dimensional systems. The main emphasis is on the magnetic properties of surfaces, thin films, and atomic clusters. State-of-the-art techniques are discussed in detail. Techniques for the production and measurement of nanostructures are discussed, and pioneering contributions on the effect on health of these particles are presented. Important studies on semiconductor nanostructures are addressed as well as aerosol systems.

Author: Tobias Brandes
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540672370
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220

View

Book Description
Experimental progress over the past few years has made it possible to test a n- ber of fundamental physical concepts related to the motion of electrons in low dimensions. The production and experimental control of novel structures with typical sizes in the sub-micrometer regime has now become possible. In parti- lar, semiconductors are widely used in order to con?ne the motion of electrons in two-dimensional heterostructures. The quantum Hall e?ect was one of the ?rst highlights of the new physics that is revealed by this con?nement. In a further step of the technological development in semiconductor-heterostructures, other arti?cial devices such as quasi one-dimensional ‘quantum wires’ and ‘quantum dots’ (arti?cial atoms) have also been produced. These structures again di?er very markedly from three- and two-dimensional systems, especially in relation to the transport of electrons and the interaction with light. Although the technol- ical advances and the experimental skills connected with these new structures are progressing extremely fast, our theoretical understanding of the physical e?ects (such as the quantum Hall e?ect) is still at a very rudimentary level. In low-dimensional structures, the interaction of electrons with one another and with other degrees of freedoms such as lattice vibrations or light gives rise to new phenomena that are very di?erent from those familiar in the bulk ma- rial. The theoretical formulation of the electronic transport properties of small devices may be considered well-established, provided interaction processes are neglected.

Author: Marco Fanciulli
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540793658
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272

View

Book Description
Here is a discussion of the state of the art of spin resonance in low dimensional structures, such as two-dimensional electron systems, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Leading scientists report on recent advances and discuss open issues and perspectives.

Author: Georgios P. Triberis
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781600214776
Category : Doped semiconductors
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
This book covers the field of low dimensional structures, starting from the selectively doped double heterostructures n-A1GaAs/GaAs/n-A1GaAs, and (strained) p-Si/SiGe/p-Si (quantum wells). The behaviour of the sheet electron density, the subband populations and energies as a function of the well width, the spacer thickness and the doping concentration is analysed. The temperature dependence of the bulk electron concentration versus the quasi-2DEG are discussed. In the framework of Boltzmann's transport theory a detailed study of the mobility is presented at low and high temperatures taking into account all the relevant scattering mechanisms. The pseudomorphic Si/SiGe undoped quantum wells are a perfect example for the study of the non-parabolicity of the hole-bands. For the first time in a book an exact solution of the multiband effective mass equation that describes the heavy, light and split-off hole valence bands is introduced, and interband transitions and selection rules are obtained. Reducing dimensionality new aspects concerning optical and transport properties of quantum wires (QWRS) is discussed. Specifically, the photoluminescence and the microphotoluminescence spectra of V-shaped QWRS is theoretically interpreted leading to a realistic cartography of the interface roughness of these systems. A computational approach for the solution of the eigenvalue problem in low-dimensional systems of complex but realistic geometry is also presented for the first time in a book, and transport theoretical considerations will lead to a systematic study of the mobility. As DNA could be considered as a one-dimensional "molecular wire" the study of carrier transport along DNA is discussed in terms of hopping transport. A computational scheme is presented which allows the study of near-field magnetoabsorpsion spectra of Quantum Dots (QD) of any given geometry, under magnetic field of any orientation. The effect of the spatial confinement imposed by the QD dimensions and the magnetic confinement governed by the magnetic field are explored. The influence of the Coulomb interactions between electrons and holes is also discussed. The applicability of the method in actual experiments, i.e. the illumination of a nanostructure with a near-field probe in conjunction with the simultaneous application of an external magnetic field, may become a challenge to experimentalists. Finally, magnetothermoelectic transport in the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) regime is discussed. The theoretical framework for the calculation of the resistivity, the thermopower and the thermal conductivity for two-dimensional electron and hole gases, at low temperatures and strong perpendicular magnetic fields is outlined. The composite fermion picture enables the use of the integer quantum Hall effect and Shubnikov - de Haas conductivity models for a quantitative comparison with experiment. A study on the validity of fundamental physical laws such as the Wiedemann-Franz law in two-dimensional structures is also presented.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Molecular structure
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description

Author: A.R. Peaker
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489906231
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227

View

Book Description
This volume contains a sequence of reviews presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on 'Low Dimensional Structures in Semiconductors ... from Basic Physics to Applications.' This was part of the International School of Materials Science and 1990 at the Ettore Majorana Centre in Sicily. Technology held in July Only a few years ago, Low Dimensional Structures was an esoteric concept, but now it is apparent they are likely to playa major role in the next generation of electronic devices. The theme of the School acknowledged this rapidly developing maturity.' The contributions to the volume consider not only the essential physics, but take a wider view of the topic, starting from material growth and processing, then prog ressing right through to applications with some discussion of the likely use of low dimensional devices in systems. The papers are arranged into four sections, the first of which deals with basic con cepts of semiconductor and low dimensional systems. The second section is on growth and fabrication, reviewing MBE and MOVPE methods and discussing the achievements and limitations of techniques to reduce structures into the realms of one and zero dimensions. The third section covers the crucial issue of interfaces while the final section deals with devices and device physics.