The Occurrence, Habitat Use, and Behavior of Sharks and Rays Associating with Topographic Highs in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico PDF Download

Author: Jeffrey Nathaniel Childs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 426

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coral reef ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 664

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Author: Judith C. Lang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coral reef ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 660

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 396

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"Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".

Author:
Publisher: Univ. Press of Mississippi
ISBN: 9781604737660
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 194

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A guidebook for the naturalist, commercial or recreational fisher, outdoor enthusiast, or beachgoer covers almost all species of sharks and rays that can be found in Gulf waters, and includes information on reproduction, sensory systems, feeding, and more.

Author: Hannah Calich
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Aquatic highly migratory species (HMS) are economically and ecologically important, however, their highly migratory nature makes them difficult to study and thus there are knowledge gaps relating to their movement and habitat use patterns. Highly migratory sharks are likely to interact with commercial longline fishing gear and be caught as target or bycatch, which can threaten their populations. Understanding the environmental factors that influence and drive the movements of highly migratory sharks may help researchers better predict their presence and subsequently identify areas where they are vulnerability to fisheries. Here I evaluated the overlap between habitat suitability and gear restricted zones for three co-occurring apex predatory sharks in the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico (great hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran, tiger Galeocerdo cuvier, and bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas) to identify areas in this region where these species are vulnerable to and protected from commercial longline fishing. This research was accomplished in three integrated steps. First, I reviewed and summarized what is known about the environmental drivers of great hammerhead, tiger, and bull shark habitat use and movement patterns. Second, I used the results of this review to parameterize and subsequently generate habitat suitability models for these three species. Third, I used these models to spatially compare where each species' highly suitable habitat overlaps with longline gear restricted areas within the Southwest Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico, to identify regions where these species were both vulnerable to and protected from longline fishing gear. The results of this thesis have implications to the management of these species as well as for the conservation of other highly migratory aquatic species.

Author: Cheston Thomas Peterson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Drivers of animal movement, including abiotic factors such as environmental conditions or climate and biotic factors such as species interactions and reproduction, are classic topics in ecology and relevant to both basic and applied scientific questions. Understanding phenomena such as seasonal migrations are important in fisheries management, and describing habitat use and ecological interactions is a primary goal in fisheries ecology as the field moves toward holistic, ecosystem-based approaches. Here I present the results of research investigating the drivers of movement in coastal sharks, from scales of seasonal migrations and temporal patterns of abundance to fine-scale movement of a single species as it relates to the distribution and density of its prey and predators. I used a 10 year data set of long-term fishery-independent gillnet and longline surveys to explore the effects of abiotic variables on temporal patterns of community structure of fishes and correlates of migration at two seagrass shoals off the FSU Coastal and Marine Laboratory. I examined community structure using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) with environmental fitting, compared temporal community structure using permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) of monthly catch rates in both gear types, and tested for cyclicity in community structure. I also used generalized additive models (GAMs) to explore the effects of environmental variables (e.g. temperature and photoperiod) on immigration and emigration phases of dominant taxa. I found strong seasonality and cyclicity in assemblages captured by both gear types, with depauperate winter communities and diverse assemblages in warmer month - especially late summer and fall. My results suggest temperature may determine the timing of immigration and duration of the residency period of dominant taxa, including the juvenile life stages of some coastal sharks, but photoperiod may cue immigration and emigration in adults when the purpose of those migrations includes predicable reproductive functions (e.g. parturition). I found evidence of partial migration in juvenile life stages of some coastal sharks, and hypothesize that rising temperatures due to climate change may have variable effects on residency patterns over ontogeny. I conducted similar fishery-independent sampling in Apalachicola Bay from 2018 to 2020 during the summer to study habitat overlap in multiple life stages of a group of sympatric coastal sharks. I also used data shared with me by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission to explore the relationship of habitat use in coastal sharks to prey distribution and density. My analyses suggested this relationship may vary among species and life stage, as predation risk or environmental tolerances may drive habitat use in early life stages of some species. Prey distribution may be more important for dietary specialists. Interestingly, habitat use of species life stages with increasing reported dietary overlap appeared to converge. Using acoustic telemetry, I described movement and habitat use of bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas), bonnetheads (Sphyrna tiburo), and gafftopsail catfish (Bagre marinus) in Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound. I used linear mixed models (LMM) to integrate the tracking information with blue crab (Calinectes sapidus) density data from the same fishery-independent surveys conducted by FWC to explore the predator-prey dynamics of blue crabs, bonnetheads, and bull sharks. All three fishes were resident throughout the summer and were philopatric. Bull sharks used more of the habitat than bonnetheads or gafftopsail catfish. Bonnetheads mainly used seagrass habitats, while gafftopsail catfish used muddy habitats around freshwater inputs. There were relationships of size and the proportion of the acoustic array each species used, with a positive correlation of size and space used in both species of sharks and a negative correlation in gafftopsail catfish, which may be driven my differences between sexes. Bonnetheads were not detected in habitats where blue crabs were most dense, but the probability of bull shark presence was highest. Results of the LMM analyses suggested a significant negative relationship of bonnethead habitat use and bull shark presence probability, as well as a significant negative relationship of the interaction of bull shark presence and salinity (bull shark presence probability was highest at sites with the lowest average salinities). These results suggest habitat use in bonnetheads may follow predictions of optimal foraging theory and the ideal free distribution under the constraint of predation risk, which may be informative in understanding the roles of predation and prey availability in the habitat use of marine mesopredators.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Estuarine animals
Languages : en
Pages : 388

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Author: James C. Cato
Publisher: Texas A&M University Press
ISBN: 1603440860
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 135

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Book Description
The many economic factors affecting sustainability of the Gulf of Mexico region are perhaps as important as the waves on its shores and its abundant marine life. This second volume in Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota (a multivolumed work edited by John W. Tunnell Jr., Darryl L. Felder, and Sylvia A. Earle) assesses the Gulf of Mexico as a single economic region. The book provides information and baseline data useful for assessing the goals of economic and environmental sustainability in the Gulf. In five chapters, economists, political scientists, and ecologists from Florida, California, Louisiana, Texas, Maine, and Mexico cover topics such as: the idea of the Gulf as a transnational community; the quantitative value of its productivity; a summary of the industries dependent on the Gulf, including shipping, tourism, oil and gas mining, fisheries, recreation, and real estate; the human uses and activities that affect coastal economies; and the economic trends evident in Mexico's drive toward coastal development. This first-of-its-kind reference work will be useful to scientists, economists, industry leaders, and policy makers whose work requires an understanding of the economic issues involved in science, business, trade, exploration, development, and commerce in the Gulf of Mexico.

Author: Tobey Hayward Curtis
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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ABSTRACT: Distribution and habitat use of the bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) were examined using fishery-independent sampling data, tagging, and ultrasonic telemetry to assess the potential role of the Indian River Lagoon (IRL) as a nursery area for this species. Fishery-independent sampling data were compiled and synthesized to examine patterns of seasonal occurrence, spatial distribution, and habitat associations. These data provided a comprehensive overview of bull shark ecology in the study site over a span of 30 years, based on data collected from 390 individual sharks. Tagging and acoustic telemetry methods were also employed to acquire more fine-scale information on shark movements, daily activities, and habitat utilization. A total of 50 sharks were marked with conventional tags, with four fish recaptured over the course of the study. Eleven of these sharks were tagged additionally with ultrasonic pingers, ten of which were tracked manually and one of which was monitored by moored listening stations (Vemco VR2). The manual tracking data provided fine-scale information on the patterns of movements of a small number of individuals. Integration of multiple methodologies provided a more complete picture of habitat use by this important apex predator in the IRL. Bull sharks occurred over a broad range of habitats, including depths of 0.2 - 4.0 m, temperatures of 18 - 37 °C, salinities of 1 - 42 ppt, dissolved oxygen concentrations of 3 - 8 mg/L, and water clarity levels of 70 - 170 cm. In addition, they were located over seagrass, sand, and mud substrates. Overall catch-per-unit-effort was low, relative to other systems. However, higher than average catch rates were observed at power plant outfalls and near freshwater creeks. These results may prove useful to the continued management and conservation of bull shark stocks in the northwest Atlantic.