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Author: Michelle Hunniford Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Conventional cage housing systems are criticized for limiting the space and opportunityfor laying hens to perform highly motivated behaviour patterns, especially nesting. Incontrast, furnished cages positively impact the welfare of hens by providing necessaryresources, like nest areas. However, the current requirements for a nest, stipulated withincurrent guidelines and welfare schemes, are ambiguous and often based on the assumptionthat frequent nest use equals satisfied nesting motivation. Because furnished cages are stillrelatively new, my initial research question dealt with how hens used the nests provided.I characterized the nesting behaviour of hens with different space allowances, in differentcage sizes, and from different rearing environments. The design of the cage, compoundedby the effect of cage size, significantly influenced nesting behaviour. Also, the use of thenest did not necessarily indicate good welfare. This led to my second research question:what types of environments impact and/or satisfy nesting motivation? Through threeiterative experiments, I explored different aspects of cage design and investigated howthey influenced nesting behaviour. Simple alterations such as adding a wire partitionto another area of the cage created an alternate nest and affected both egg location andnesting behaviour, although not ubiquitously. Hens without any experience of enclosednests were more aggressive and unsettled in their pre-laying behaviour, and seemed toprefer laying on a different surface than those hens given two enclosed nests. When anenclosed nest was added, hens without prior experience seemed to become more settled.The ultimate goal of this research is to make suggestions that will improve the design offurnished cages so that they truly do satisfy nesting motivation.
Author: Michelle Hunniford Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Conventional cage housing systems are criticized for limiting the space and opportunityfor laying hens to perform highly motivated behaviour patterns, especially nesting. Incontrast, furnished cages positively impact the welfare of hens by providing necessaryresources, like nest areas. However, the current requirements for a nest, stipulated withincurrent guidelines and welfare schemes, are ambiguous and often based on the assumptionthat frequent nest use equals satisfied nesting motivation. Because furnished cages are stillrelatively new, my initial research question dealt with how hens used the nests provided.I characterized the nesting behaviour of hens with different space allowances, in differentcage sizes, and from different rearing environments. The design of the cage, compoundedby the effect of cage size, significantly influenced nesting behaviour. Also, the use of thenest did not necessarily indicate good welfare. This led to my second research question:what types of environments impact and/or satisfy nesting motivation? Through threeiterative experiments, I explored different aspects of cage design and investigated howthey influenced nesting behaviour. Simple alterations such as adding a wire partitionto another area of the cage created an alternate nest and affected both egg location andnesting behaviour, although not ubiquitously. Hens without any experience of enclosednests were more aggressive and unsettled in their pre-laying behaviour, and seemed toprefer laying on a different surface than those hens given two enclosed nests. When anenclosed nest was added, hens without prior experience seemed to become more settled.The ultimate goal of this research is to make suggestions that will improve the design offurnished cages so that they truly do satisfy nesting motivation.
Author: Christine J Nicol Publisher: CABI ISBN: 1780642490 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Chickens are by far the world’s most widely farmed animal, kept for both meat and egg production. They are at the centre of many debates regarding housing and production systems, causing significant interest in what lies behind chicken behaviour. This accessible book covers sensory biology, behavioural development, preferences and aversions, social behaviour, learning and cognition, behavioural issues in different systems and solutions for behavioural problems. Authored by an authority on chicken ethology, it brings together the fields of animal behaviour, neuroscience, psychology and epidemiology to provide a comprehensive understanding of chicken behaviour and help improve the lives of farmed chickens around the world.
Author: G. C. Perry Publisher: CABI ISBN: 9780851990361 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 450
Book Description
The welfare of egg-producing poultry is a topic of great concern to the poultry industry and to researchers in applied animal behaviour. It is also subject to increased legislation. Issues such as battery cages, space requirements, access to daylight and ''free-range'' eggs have attracted public interest.
Author: Leslie A. Stewart Publisher: ISBN: 9781267401106 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The most common housing system for egg-laying hens is the conventional cage, which houses multiple birds in a wire cage at a high stocking density. Hens have access to food and water but very limited opportunities to perform other highly motivated behaviors, such as nesting. As a result of concerns about behavioral restriction, the egg industry is now considering adoption of furnished (enriched) colony cages which contain perches, a scratch pad to facilitate foraging and dust bathing behavior, and a nest box. It has been suggested that allowing animals to perform natural behaviors, like nesting, improves their welfare by decreasing negative affective states like frustration. It is important to assess the desirability of the nest sites that are being incorporated into new housing systems in order to ensure that the nests are serving their purpose in satisfying the hens' needs to perform nesting activities. In my two experiments I examined egg laying locations of White Leghorn hens given a variety of nest floor substrates and nest enclosure. I hypothesized that hens would prefer highly friable substrates over the wire cage floor, and enclosed nests. Previous observations indicate that friable substrates that are able to be moved and manipulated by the beak and body of the hen are preferred to rigid nest materials. In experiment 1, I examined hens' preferences for sand, Astroturf and Astroturf with feed as nest flooring in open nests consisting of a shallow wooden frame. The hens did not prefer friable substrates, possibly because the nesting area was not enclosed. In experiment 2, each nest substrate (wood shavings, foam pad, wire or Astroturf) was either again open or surrounded by opaque plastic curtains. The hens showed a clear preference for enclosure, as predicted, however, there was no preference for any combination of nest enclosure and substrate. Together these studies provide evidence that nest enclosure is important for motivating hens to lay within a given nest, but that hens laid as readily on the wire cage floor as any of the other substrates provided. These studies provide insight into the components that need to be incorporated into the design of nests in furnished cages.
Author: S. Leeson Publisher: Nottingham University Press ISBN: 190476178X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 413
Book Description
Covering a variety of essential topics relating to commercial poultry nutrition and production—including feeding systems and poultry diets—this complete reference is ideal for professionals in the poultry-feed industries, veterinarians, nutritionists, and farm managers. Detailed and accessible, the guide analyzes commercial poultry production at a worldwide level and outlines the importance it holds for maintaining essential food supplies. With ingredient evaluations and diet formulations, the study's compressive models for feeding programs target a wide range of commercially prominent poultry, including laying hens, broiler chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, and game birds, among others.
Author: Gail Damerow Publisher: Storey Publishing ISBN: 1603425616 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 321
Book Description
From addled to wind egg and crossed beak to zygote, the terminology of everything chicken is demystified in The Chicken Encyclopedia. Complete with breed descriptions, common medical concerns, and plenty of chicken trivia, this illustrated A-to-Z reference guide is both informative and entertaining. Covering tail types, breeding, molting, communication, and much more, Gail Damerow provides answers to all of your chicken questions and quandaries. Even seasoned chicken farmers are sure to discover new information about the multifaceted world of these fascinating birds.
Author: Cheryl B. Greenacre Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118335430 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
Backyard Poultry Medicine and Surgery is a practical resource offering guidance on developing diagnostic and treatment plans for individual companion poultry or small flocks. Organized by body system to aid in developing a differential diagnosis list for common presenting signs, the book provides all the information clinicians need to effectively treat backyard poultry. Written by experts from both the commercial poultry field and the companion avian field, the book provides thorough coverage of both common and less common diseases of backyard chickens, ducks, and other poultry. The book begins with introductory chapters covering general information, an overview of US laws, and basic husbandry concerns, then moves into specific disease chapters organized by system. The book takes an individual medicine perspective throughout, with photographs, radiographs, and histopathological photomicrographs to illustrate principles and diseases. Backyard Poultry Medicine and Surgery is an invaluable guide to diseases and treatments for any practitioners treating backyard poultry.
Author: Michelle Hunniford
Author: Michelle Hunniford
Author: Christine J Nicol
Author: David Grainger Marcus Wood-Gush
Author: G. C. Perry
Author: Leslie A. Stewart
Author: S. Leeson
Author: Gail Damerow
Author: 
Author: Cheryl B. Greenacre
Author: Beatrix Rietveld-Piepers