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Author: Adam Cleveland Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
"The syntax of clitics in Spanish has long been a topic of discussion amongst linguists. There are two traditionally held syntactic approaches for accounting for Spanish clitics: the movement approach and the base-generation approach. Both approaches succeed in capturing certain properties of clitics, but fail in capturing other properties. The literature suggests that 3rd person direct object clitics appear to function as determiners, whereas all other clitics function more as agreement markers. Taking this into account, I propose that the movement approach applies to 3rd person direct object clitics, and that all other clitics are base-generated. In this thesis, I provide a syntactic analysis of both approaches, the movement approach for 3rd person direct object clitics and the base-generation approach for all other clitics. Ultimately, it appears that both approaches can account for these clitics, although there are still a couple of minor problems with the movement approach, which pertain to the motivation for the clitic to move higher up in the syntax once having its agreement features checked, in order to arrive at its surface position."--
Author: Adam Cleveland Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
"The syntax of clitics in Spanish has long been a topic of discussion amongst linguists. There are two traditionally held syntactic approaches for accounting for Spanish clitics: the movement approach and the base-generation approach. Both approaches succeed in capturing certain properties of clitics, but fail in capturing other properties. The literature suggests that 3rd person direct object clitics appear to function as determiners, whereas all other clitics function more as agreement markers. Taking this into account, I propose that the movement approach applies to 3rd person direct object clitics, and that all other clitics are base-generated. In this thesis, I provide a syntactic analysis of both approaches, the movement approach for 3rd person direct object clitics and the base-generation approach for all other clitics. Ultimately, it appears that both approaches can account for these clitics, although there are still a couple of minor problems with the movement approach, which pertain to the motivation for the clitic to move higher up in the syntax once having its agreement features checked, in order to arrive at its surface position."--
Author: Ian James Romain Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
In light of recent attempts to revive the operation of syntactic head movement and clitic movement in Phase Theory (Roberts 2010a, 2012), we argue that object clitics are underlyingly determiners in the syntax. Clitics engage in probe/goal relations to value and delete their uninterpretable Case features, and upon Agree, cliticize to their host via head-to-head incorporation. Although this account adopts the bare phrase structure theoretic mechanism employed by Ian Roberts to instantiate head movement (i.e., `defective goals'), the work outlined here diverges from the details of Roberts's account, most crucially by positing Abstract Case features on clitics. Based on clitic constructions from Standard Spanish, and various dialects, it will be demonstrated that the behavior of clitics, like that of other nominal elements, is governed by general abstract conditions on movement, namely Relativized Minimality (Rizzi 2013), Case Theory and the Phase Impenetrability Condition (Chomsky 2001, 2004, 2008). After a careful rethinking of well-known intervention and impenetrability effects (i.e., islands) involving clitics in Spanish, it is claimed that their movement, although unique in being both maximal and minimal, otherwise conforms to the standard conditions imposed on determiner phrases more generally. Contrary to recently influential Base Generation accounts, this work makes a case for distinguishing clitic movement from the movement of doubles, through a detailed study of Exceptional Case-Marking (ECM) constructions, where multiple clitic arguments can raise to object (Chomsky 2013). The complex array of possibilities involving clitic placement in these structures exemplifies the interaction of clitics with Case assignment and distinguishes the minimal nature of clitic head movement from XP movement of doubles. Finally, Chomsky's theory of Inheritance (2008) figures crucially in this account, as it is used to explain the order of clitics in clusters of two and three. Inheritance is also used to explain island effects that block clitic climbing. This study concludes by making the case that while in certain dialects, such as Los Angeles Vernacular Spanish (Parodi 2009a, 2011), clitics have apparently evolved into agreement/object markers, in most dialects, including the Standard, both direct object (DO) and indirect object (IO) clitics are argument pronouns that move to their derived positions in the syntax. Such pronominal clitics are contrasted with truly base-generated `morpheme' clitics, including `inherently' reflexive clitics and `speaker' ethical dative clitics (Strozer 1976), which cannot be doubled or related by the syntax to a corresponding stressed argument. The account that fellows then, although firmly within the movement tradition of clitics (Kayne 1975, Quicoli 1976) is intended to complement morphological approaches to clitic clustering with non-argument clitics (Cuervo 2013), and to shed light on the workings of the interface that relates the narrow syntax to the phonological component of the grammar.
Author: Elisabeth Mayer Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 1501500880 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
This volume explores the complex relationship between primary agreement by means of object marking or differential object marking (DOM), and secondary agreement through clitics in non-standardized variation data from Limeño Spanish contact varieties (LSCV). As such it is concerned with diachronic as well as synchronic morphosyntactic variation of the third person object pronoun paradigm, so called clitics, as used in Standard Spanish and non-standardized Spanish contact dialects. The argumentation as well as the data presented cross diachronic and synchronic boundaries.
Author: Birgit Gerlach Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027297541 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 294
Book Description
As a typical interface phenomenon, clitics have become increasingly important in linguistic theory during the last decade. The present book contributes to the recent discussion and first provides a comprehensive overview of clitic sequencing, clitic placement and clitic doubling in the major Romance languages. In addition, new data from a northern Italian dialect are introduced. The author then gives a critical summary of the current morphological analyses of clitic phenomena. She also discusses recent Optimality-theoretical analyses of clitic combinations and clitic placement and shows how these analyses can be improved upon when we also consider a morphological treatment of clitics. This book provides innovative solutions to clitic phenomena within the framework of a constraint-based morphological theory and will be of interest not only to morphologists, syntacticians and those working on the grammar of Romance languages, but also to linguists who are interested in the organisation of the grammar and the lexicon.
Author: Linda Escobar Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN: 1443818763 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 430
Book Description
This volume gathers selected papers from the workshops Facing Movement and Meeting Clitics held in the context of the Barcelona Linguistic Institute. The authors explore a wide variety of languages, from Icelandic to Mayan, from Japanese to Russian and Italian, from various data sources: adult grammar, first and second language acquisition, developmental language disorders and language change. The papers on movement address the issues of reconstruction in parasitic gaps; the alternation between short and long distance movement in Germanic; subextraction from subjects; wh- in situ in Greek; word order alternations derived by movement in bilingual acquisition; intervention effects in L2 acquisition of Chinese; multiple wh- fronting in L2; and production of wh- questions in L1, L2 and SLI in French. In the papers on clitics, the theoretical issues considered include: the affixal character of subject clitics in L1; the morphological complexity of clitics; proclisis versus enclisis; the restrictions on cooccurrence of clitics in causative and other constructions; clitic placement in relation to L2 and language change; clitics as demarcative markers; and the acquisition of pronominal clitics in European Portuguese.
Author: Tibor Kiss Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110394235 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 894
Book Description
This Handbook represents the development of research and the current level of knowledge in the fields of syntactic theory and syntax analysis. Syntax can look back to a long tradition. Especially in the last 50 years, however, the interaction between syntactic theory and syntactic analysis has led to a rapid increase in analyses and theoretical suggestions. This second edition of the Handbook on Syntax adopts a unifying perspective and therefore does not place the division of syntactic theory into several schools to the fore, but the increase in knowledge resulting from the fruitful argumentations between syntactic analysis and syntactic theory. It uses selected phenomena of individual languages and their cross-linguistic realizations to explain what syntactic analyses can do and at the same time to show in what respects syntactic theories differ from each other. It investigates how syntax is related to neighbouring disciplines and investigate the role of the interfaces especially the relationship between syntax and phonology, morphology, compositional semantics, pragmatics, and the lexicon. The phenomena chosen bring together renowned experts in syntax, and represent the consensus reached as to what has to be considered as an important as well as illustrative syntactic phenomenon. The phenomena discuss do not only serve to show syntactic analyses, but also to compare theoretical approaches with each other.
Author: Timothy Gupton Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company ISBN: 9027259925 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 227
Book Description
This book is a collection of contemporary essays and squibs exploring the mental representation of Spanish and other languages in the Romance family. Although largely formal in orientation, they incorporate experimental and corpus data to inform questions of synchronic and diachronic importance. As a whole, these contributions explore two areas of particular interest to linguistic theorizing. The first is linguistic interfaces with chapters on syntax-information structure, syntax-prosody, syntax-semantics, and lexicon-phonology. The second consists of explorations of noun phrases of all sizes—from clitics to nominalized clauses. The results and conclusions of these studies encourage researchers to continue to explore individual languages in particular in order to gain insight on human language in general. This edited volume in honor of Dr. Paula Kempchinsky is reflective of the diversity of approaches that inspired her teaching, research, and mentoring for over thirty years at the University of Iowa and beyond.
Author: Susann Fischer Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110394839 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 755
Book Description
Different components of grammar interact in non-trivial ways. It has been under debate what the actual range of interaction is and how we can most appropriately represent this in grammatical theory. The volume provides a general overview of various topics in the linguistics of Romance languages by examining them through the interaction of grammatical components and functions as a state-of-the-art report, but at the same time as a manual of Romance languages.
Author: J. Rooryck Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401586179 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
V, ThemelPatients to the lowest specifier of V', and Agents to a position outside the minimal VP. Again, thematic information is encoded in terms of configurational properties. Addressing the issue of phrase structure in another domain, Margaret Speas investigates the status of null pronominal objects in Navajo. Following Rizzi (1986), she assumes that null pronouns must meet both a licensing and an identification condition. More specifically, she demonstrates that distributional restrictions on null pronominal objects in Navajo can be explained if it is assumed that null objects obey the identification condition expressed by the Generalized Control Rule of Huang (1984). Distinguishing three types of null objects, she argues that relevant licensing condition on two subtypes of null objects involves rich agreement. However, it appears that there are languages lacking rich agreement but with pro in object position. Speas accounts for these phenomena by a rule of economy of projection. A second series of papers is concerned with the way in which functional categories derive aspects of sentential interpretation. Three issues in this research program are investigated here: external arguments as arguments of functional projections (Kratzer), the specificity interpretation of clitics (Sportiche), and the interpretation of tense (Stowell). In all three cases, phrase structure is put to use to derive interpretive effects. Angelika Kratzer proposes that external arguments are not part of the verb.
Author: Adam Cleveland
Author: Adam Cleveland
Author: Ian James Romain
Author: Elisabeth Mayer
Author: Karen Zagona
Author: Birgit Gerlach
Author: Linda Escobar
Author: Tibor Kiss
Author: Timothy Gupton
Author: Susann Fischer
Author: J. Rooryck