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Author: Messod D. Beneish Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
The paper provides evidence that the relation between accruals and future returns is not symmetric. We find that firms with low accruals generate insignificant abnormal returns in asset pricing regressions that control for either earnings quality or operating volatility. In contrast, we find that accrual hedge returns are driven by firms with large positive accruals and firms with high probabilities of earnings overstatement. This asymmetry is consistent with our view that upwards rather than downwards earnings management is an important contributor to accrual mispricing. We also find that firms with high accruals are smaller and have higher arbitrage risk (residual return volatility), suggesting that short sellers are unlikely to arbitrage away these negative abnormal returns. We conclude that an omitted risk factor explains results for low accruals and that transaction costs/limits to arbitrage explain the persistence of mispricing for high accruals.
Author: Messod D. Beneish Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
The paper provides evidence that the relation between accruals and future returns is not symmetric. We find that firms with low accruals generate insignificant abnormal returns in asset pricing regressions that control for either earnings quality or operating volatility. In contrast, we find that accrual hedge returns are driven by firms with large positive accruals and firms with high probabilities of earnings overstatement. This asymmetry is consistent with our view that upwards rather than downwards earnings management is an important contributor to accrual mispricing. We also find that firms with high accruals are smaller and have higher arbitrage risk (residual return volatility), suggesting that short sellers are unlikely to arbitrage away these negative abnormal returns. We conclude that an omitted risk factor explains results for low accruals and that transaction costs/limits to arbitrage explain the persistence of mispricing for high accruals.
Author: David A. Hirshleifer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
We find a positive association between short-selling and accruals during 1988-2009, and that asymmetry between the long and short sides of the accrual anomaly is stronger when constraints on short-arbitrage are more severe (low availability of loanable shares as proxied by institutional holdings). Short arbitrage occurs primarily among firms in the top accrual decile. Asymmetry is only present on NASDAQ. Thus, there is short arbitrage of the accrual anomaly, but short sale constraints limit its effectiveness. Presentation slides available at http://ssrn.com/abstract=3228837.
Author: Paul Hoefsloot Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783848440184 Category : Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
This paper investigates the existence of the accrual anomaly on the Dutch stock market. It documents that there is statistical evidence to accept that the cash flow component of current earnings is significantly more persistent than the accrual component of current earnings with respect to future earnings. Applying a trading strategy this paper shows that a significant abnormal return can de made by constructing a portfolio consisting of firms with relatively low accruals. However, contrary to U.S. findings, a hedge return consisting of a long position in low accruals firms and a short position in high accruals firms (hedge portfolio) generates neither substantial nor statistically significant returns.
Author: Michael J. Sullivan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
We investigate the stock market reaction around the release of short interest information for firms with operating accruals and uncover new evidence on the accrual anomaly. Our evidence demonstrates that high accrual firms with the largest short interest experience the greatest negative announcement effect. In contrast, the announcement effect does not vary by short selling activity for low accrual firms. Our finding confirm that the accrual anomaly is likely due to market overpricing, where the disclosure of short interest positions reveals negative information regarding the value of high accrual firms.
Author: Leonard Zacks Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118127765 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
Investment pioneer Len Zacks presents the latest academic research on how to beat the market using equity anomalies The Handbook of Equity Market Anomalies organizes and summarizes research carried out by hundreds of finance and accounting professors over the last twenty years to identify and measure equity market inefficiencies and provides self-directed individual investors with a framework for incorporating the results of this research into their own investment processes. Edited by Len Zacks, CEO of Zacks Investment Research, and written by leading professors who have performed groundbreaking research on specific anomalies, this book succinctly summarizes the most important anomalies that savvy investors have used for decades to beat the market. Some of the anomalies addressed include the accrual anomaly, net stock anomalies, fundamental anomalies, estimate revisions, changes in and levels of broker recommendations, earnings-per-share surprises, insider trading, price momentum and technical analysis, value and size anomalies, and several seasonal anomalies. This reliable resource also provides insights on how to best use the various anomalies in both market neutral and in long investor portfolios. A treasure trove of investment research and wisdom, the book will save you literally thousands of hours by distilling the essence of twenty years of academic research into eleven clear chapters and providing the framework and conviction to develop market-beating strategies. Strips the academic jargon from the research and highlights the actual returns generated by the anomalies, and documented in the academic literature Provides a theoretical framework within which to understand the concepts of risk adjusted returns and market inefficiencies Anomalies are selected by Len Zacks, a pioneer in the field of investing As the founder of Zacks Investment Research, Len Zacks pioneered the concept of the earnings-per-share surprise in 1982 and developed the Zacks Rank, one of the first anomaly-based stock selection tools. Today, his firm manages U.S. equities for individual and institutional investors and provides investment software and investment data to all types of investors. Now, with his new book, he shows you what it takes to build a quant process to outperform an index based on academically documented market inefficiencies and anomalies.
Author: Aydin Uysal Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 29
Book Description
In this study, I provide a refinement to the accrual anomaly with a new measure of earnings reversal for a given level of accruals. This new measure is the predicted earnings reversal based on the firm specific cointegration relation between earnings and cash flows implied by the accounting identity that earnings is the sum of the cash flows and the accruals. More specifically, it is the amount of earnings reversal for a given level of accruals based on the long-run equilibrium relation between earnings and cash flows for each firm. As this earnings reversal measure captures the firm specific time-series characteristics of earnings, cash flows, and accruals, I predict that it will yield a better cross-sectional ranking than the level of accruals for the accrual strategy which in turn will yield higher size-adjusted returns. I provide evidence that investing in a hedge portfolio that takes short (long) positions in firms with negative (positive) forecasted earnings reversals implied by the accruals yields annualized size-adjusted returns of 21.53 percent using the in sample parameter estimates alone and 8.80 percent using the out of sample parameter estimates in an additive way to the level of accruals between 1964 and 2008. My findings, which are robust to various earnings measures, sub-periods, sub-samples, and model specifications suggests that the performance of the accrual strategy can be enhanced by considering the firm level time-series characteristics of earnings, cash flows, and accruals.
Author: Ming Gu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Earnings management Languages : en Pages : 105
Book Description
This dissertation studies two pervasive financial anomalies: price momentum and accrual anomaly. The first essay establishes a robust link between momentum and accruals (the difference between accounting earnings and cash flow). I find that momentum profitability is statistically significant and economically large only among firms with high accruals. The cross-sectional characteristics of momentum previously documented do not subsume the effect of accruals on momentum profits, and the effect also holds in different market states. To understand the source of momentum, I analyze the predictive power of accruals for stock returns based on two hypotheses: earnings manipulation and earnings overestimation. I find that loser stocks with high accruals experience significant decreases in industry-adjusted sales growth and the largest amount of income-decreasing special items in subsequent years. Most of momentum profitability among high-accrual firms is attributable to the high discretionary accrual group. My findings indicate that, primarily due to the effect of earnings manipulation, the downward payoff of loser stocks with high accruals largely drives the accrual-based momentum profit. The second essay investigates the relationship between financial distress and accrual anomaly. I investigate whether the continued existence of the accrual anomaly is due to the failure to account for the compensation for distress risk. I find a U-shape pattern of distress risks across accrual portfolios. The accrual profit is mostly concentrated in firms with high distress, suggesting that the abnormal returns to the accrual trading strategy may result from the high distress-risk exposures. Market frictions such as idiosyncratic stock return volatility, illiquidity, and short-sale constraints do not generate the accrual anomaly, but they prevent stock prices from adjusting once financial distress triggers the abnormal returns to the accrual trading strategy.
Author: Frank Zhang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This paper investigates two competing hypotheses for the accrual anomaly: investment/growth and persistence. Both investment/growth and persistence information in accruals are likely to vary cross-sectionally, depending on a firm's business model, a fact that generates different cross-sectional implications for the accrual anomaly. I find that the magnitude of the accrual anomaly monotonically increases with the investment information contained in accruals, as measured by the co-variation between accruals and employee growth. In industries/firms in which accruals co-vary with employee growth, accruals show strong predictive power for future stock returns. In industries/firms in which accruals show little correlations with employee growth, the accrual anomaly is much weaker. In contrast, the evidence from the cross-sectional analysis is inconsistent with the persistence argument. From the earnings perspective, the evidence on one-year-ahead earnings growth is inconclusive, but the results on longer-term earnings growth support the investment argument but not the persistence argument. Collectively, I conclude that these results support the view that the accrual anomaly is attributable to the fundamental investment information contained in accruals.
Author: Messod D. Beneish
Author: Messod D. Beneish
Author: David A. Hirshleifer
Author: Paul Hoefsloot
Author: Michael J. Sullivan
Author: Leonard Zacks
Author: Bernardine Mei Fong Low
Author: Aydin Uysal
Author: Tzachi Zach
Author: Ming Gu
Author: Frank Zhang