The Linear No-threshold Model Does Not Hold for Low-dose Ionizing Radiation PDF Download

Author: Antony Michael Hooker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ionizing radiation
Languages : en
Pages : 6

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Author: Peter G. Shields
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000611345
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 800

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Book Description
The assessment of cancer risk is a complex process that requires the examination of etiological agents, real-world environments, and individual rates of exposure. This reference offers practical approaches to determine cancer risk in individuals, groups of exposed persons, and the general public in relation to individual genetic and acquired suscep

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Energy and Environment
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1468

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Author: Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422

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Book Description
This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN: 0309039959
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 436

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Book Description
This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.

Author: Sōhei Kondō
Publisher:
ISBN: 9784906434015
Category : Ionizing radiation
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309255716
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 424

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Book Description
In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.

Author: Dima Shamoun
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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This paper examines the use of the linear no-threshold (LNT) model in chemical and radiation exposure. The LNT model assumes that exposure to any level of a chemical or radiation is harmful, down to even the last molecule. Used primarily to be “public health protective,” the model has been the backbone of chemical and radiation risk regulation for many decades. Given the current state of science and risk management tools, we challenge the notion that using the LNT as the default model is public health protective. First, more and more research has uncovered dose-response relationships that reveal either a threshold or, more importantly, a hormetic response, where exposure to low doses of a hazard actually yields health benefits. Second, given these more realistic alternative dose-response models, risk management tools including risk-risk analysis and health-health analysis show that regulating down to extremely low levels can have negative health consequences when ancillary risks are considered. Risk-risk analysis focuses on how reductions in target risks can lead to increases in risk from substitute chemicals or activities. Health-health analysis explores how costs of compliance are borne in part by consumers who are forced to reduce their own private risk-mitigating activities. Overestimating risk, a common feature of the LNT model, upsets the careful balancing of risks required of risk managers.

Author: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Publisher: National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 308

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Book Description
Annotation New experimental and epidemiological findings include growing evidence of adaptive responses to small doses of radiation that may enhance the capacity of cells to withstand the effects of further radiation exposure, and new evidence concerning the possible nature of neoplastic initiation. Therefore, a committee of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements reassesses the weight of scientific evidence for and against the linear-threshold dose-response model for determining safe levels of exposure to ionizing radiation. The report also considers associated policy implications. It finds no reason for rejecting the model. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).

Author: Robert C. Bast, Jr.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111900084X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 2004

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Book Description
Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates