The Justification of Deduction PDF Download

Author: Michael Dummett
Publisher: London : Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780197257005
Category : Logic
Languages : en
Pages : 34

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Author: Sergei Artemov
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108424910
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 271

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Book Description
Develops a new logic paradigm which emphasizes evidence tracking, including theory, connections to other fields, and sample applications.

Author: Friedrich Stadler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402019678
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376

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Book Description
The articles in this volume deal with the main inferential methods that can be applied to different kinds of experimental evidence. These contributions - accompanied with critical comments - by renowned scholars in the field of philosophy of science aim at removing the traditional opposition between inductivists and deductivists. They explore the different methods of explanation and justification in the sciences in different contexts and with different objectives. The volume contains contributions on methods of the sciences, especially on induction, deduction, abduction, laws, probability and explanation, ranging from logic, mathematics, natural to the social sciences. They present a highly topical pluralist re-evaluation of methodological and foundational procedures and reasoning, e.g. focusing in Bayesianism and Artificial Intelligence. They document the second international conference in Vienna on "Induction and Deduction in the Sciences" as part of the Scientific Network on "Historical and Contemporary Perspectives of Philosophy of Science in Europe", funded by the European Science Foundation (ESF).

Author: Clayton Littlejohn
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107016126
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 279

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Book Description
Presents and defends a bold new approach to the ethics of belief and to resolving the internalism-externalism debate in epistemology.

Author: Colin Howson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198250371
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 272

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Book Description
This volume offers a solution to one of the central, unsolved problems of Western philosophy, that of induction. It explores the implications of Hume's argument that successful prediction tells us nothing about the truth of the predicting theory.

Author: Hannes Leitgeb
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402028067
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 376

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Book Description
In contrast to the prevailing tradition in epistemology, the focus in this book is on low-level inferences, i.e., those inferences that we are usually not consciously aware of and that we share with the cat nearby which infers that the bird which she sees picking grains from the dirt, is able to fly. Presumably, such inferences are not generated by explicit logical reasoning, but logical methods can be used to describe and analyze such inferences. Part 1 gives a purely system-theoretic explication of belief and inference. Part 2 adds a reliabilist theory of justification for inference, with a qualitative notion of reliability being employed. Part 3 recalls and extends various systems of deductive and nonmonotonic logic and thereby explains the semantics of absolute and high reliability. In Part 4 it is proven that qualitative neural networks are able to draw justified deductive and nonmonotonic inferences on the basis of distributed representations. This is derived from a soundness/completeness theorem with regard to cognitive semantics of nonmonotonic reasoning. The appendix extends the theory both logically and ontologically, and relates it to A. Goldman's reliability account of justified belief.

Author: Kenneth R. Westphal
Publisher: Helsinki University Press
ISBN: 9523690299
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 118

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Book Description
Immanuel Kant’s ‘Transcendental Deduction of the Categories’ addresses issues centrally debated today in philosophy and in cognitive sciences, especially in epistemology, and in theory of perception. Kant’s insights into these issues are clouded by pervasive misunderstandings of Kant’s ‘Deduction’ and its actual aims, scope, and argument. The present edition with its fresh and accurate translation and concise commentary aims to serve these contemporary debates as well as continuing intensive and extensive scholarship on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. Two surprising results are that ‘Transcendental Deduction’ is valid and sound, and it holds independently of Kant’s transcendental idealism. This lucid volume is interesting and useful to students, yet sufficiently detailed to be informative to specialists.

Author: Mark Timmons
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199875367
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 337

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Book Description
This volume of new essays provides a comprehensive and structured examination of Kant's justification of norms, a crucial but neglected theme in Kantian practical philosophy. The essays engage with the view that a successful account of justification of normative claims has to be non-metaphysical and go on to pursue further implications in ethics, legal and political philosophy, and philosophy of religion.

Author: Catarina Dutilh Novaes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110847988X
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 287

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Book Description
The first comprehensive account of the concept and practices of deduction covering philosophy, history, cognition and mathematical practice.

Author: Susan Haack
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 9780226311333
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 324

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Book Description
Initially proposed as rivals of classical logic, alternative logics have become increasingly important in areas such as computer science and artificial intelligence. Fuzzy logic, in particular, has motivated major technological developments in recent years. Susan Haack's Deviant Logic provided the first extended examination of the philosophical consequences of alternative logics. In this new volume, Haack includes the complete text of Deviant Logic, as well as five additional papers that expand and update it. Two of these essays critique fuzzy logic, while three augment Deviant Logic's treatment of deduction and logical truth. Haack also provides an extensive new foreword, brief introductions to the new essays, and an updated bibliography of recent work in these areas. Deviant Logic, Fuzzy Logic will be indispensable to students of philosophy, philosophy of science, linguistics, mathematics, and computer science, and will also prove invaluable to experienced scholars working in these fields.