Author: Mark E. RamosPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
The Isolation, Implementation and Evaluation of Entomophaga Praxibuli as a Potential Biological Control Agent of North American Grasshoppers
Author: Mark E. RamosMemoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biological pest control agents
Languages : en
Pages : 410
Book Description
Microbial Control of Grasshoppers and Locusts
Author: Mark Stanislaw GoettelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural pests
Languages : en
Pages : 408
Book Description
Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management Handbook
Author: Biological Control of Pest Grasshoppers with Fungal Entomopathogens
Author: Wahid H.S. DakhelPublisher:
ISBN: 9780355133998
Category : Entomology
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Book Description
Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) cause about 25 percent of the annual losses in available forages in the western United States (U.S). Biological control, or the use of microbial pathogens to control grasshopper pest infestations, is one of the leading alternatives to traditional chemical pesticides for crop and rangeland protection from these pests. Fungal pathogens are among the most commonly used agents in grasshopper biocontrol. Metarhizium acridum and Paranosema locustae are both fungal entomopathogens of grasshoppers. Another Metarhizium isolate, Metarhizium brunneum F52, has been registered in U.S., but for control of other insects. To assess the susceptibility of third instar nymphs of migratory grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes, different treatments with two pathogens, M. brunneum F52 and P. locustae were applied on wheat bran bait alone, or in combination, in the laboratory and greenhouse conditions with three specific objectives: 1) to evaluate the effect of P. locustae combined with M. brunneum F52 versus each pathogen alone for control M. sanguinipes nymphs in the laboratory; 2) to evaluate the effect of P. locustae combined with M. brunneum F52 versus each pathogen alone for control M. sanguinipes nymphs in the greenhouse conditions; 3) to evaluate the virulence (speed of action) of these two pathogens, alone and in combinations. The results indicated that treatment with combination of pathogens at high and low concentrations generated respectively 76.7% and 75% mortality in grasshoppers after two weeks of exposure under laboratory conditions. In contrast, lower mortality was observed at high and low concentrations of M. brunneum F52 alone - 68% and 15%, respectively. There was no mortality in grasshoppers treated with P. locustae alone two weeks post-treatment. In the greenhouse, where the grasshoppers were exposed to sunlight and could thermoregulate to inhibit the fungal infection, combination of the two pathogens at high and low concentrations resulted in grasshopper mortality of 50% and 60%, respectively. In comparison, grasshoppers treated with M. brunneum F52 alone at high and low concentrations resulted in 45% and 20% respective mortality two weeks post-treatment. P. locustae alone caused very low grasshopper mortality only 16 days post-treatment. In both experiments, based on the speed of lethal action, the combination of M. brunneum F52 with P. locustae was more virulent to grasshoppers compared to the treatments of each fungus alone. In addition, the lowest concentration of this pathogen combination treatment produced a synergistic effect on nymphal mortality under greenhouse conditions. The tested pathogens appear promising for developing a biopesticide formulation for rangeland pest grasshopper control.
Biological Control of Western Rangeland Grasshoppers with Exotic Predators and Parasitoids
Author: James Floyd FowlerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grasshoppers
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Book Description
Evaluation of Artificial Diets for Rearing Anthonomus Tenebrosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a Potential Biological Control Agent of Tropical Soda Apple, Solanum Viarum
Author: Bobbie Jo DavisPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
ABSTRACT: The host specificity of many weevils makes them ideal biological control agents of weeds. A flower bud weevil, Anthonomus tenebrosus Boheman, is currently being investigated as a biological control agent of tropical soda apple, Solanum viarum Dunal, an invasive weed that is spreading throughout much of the southeast United States. An efficient rearing system was developed for A. tenebrosus. This system allowed us to rear more than 30 generations in the laboratory with 7 to 8 generations occurring per year. Under these conditions, the egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages of the weevil were completed in 4.2"0.9, 10.7"1.9, 5.2"1.2, and 20.4"8.3 days, respectively. Feeding and oviposition on artificial diets also was evaluated. An artificial diet suitable for adult A. tenebrosus was formulated by modifying an existing boll weevil (A. grandis Boheman) diet. The influence of diet components on feeding and oviposition of A. tenebrosus was investigated. Ten existing Anthonomus spp. diets were evaluated for diet presentation (color, shape, and texture), protein content, host plant material, and levels of carbohydrates, lipids, sterols, solasodine, proline, bee pollen, and anti-oxidation agents. The formation of cone shaped diet capsules and the addition of sucrose, host plant material, lipids, and proline elicited marked feeding responses. However, oviposition was and continues to be a problem on the diet. We also examined whether larvae of A. tenebrosus could be reared on the same diet. Unfortunately, larval survivorship on the diet was poor. The adult diet did not provide sufficient nutrients or feeding stimulants for complete larval development. Additional research is needed to improve the production of these weevils on an artificial diet.
Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management
Author: Rangeland Entomology
Author: J. Gordon WattsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 404
Book Description
Epizootiology of Insect Diseases
Author: James R. FuxaPublisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471878124
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 576
Book Description
The first book devoted to the epidemiology or epizootiology of insect pathogens. Covers all aspects of the subject, including general principles, concepts and definitions, strategies and methods for research, modeling, factors that influence epizootics, area-wide patterns of disease, all the groups of disease, and practical aspects, such as enhancing disease in pest species, controlling it in beneficial insects or in insect rearing. Provides material not readily found elsewhere, such as modeling entomopathogen epizootics, general reviews of the epizootiology of various pathogen groups, consideration of microbial control from an epizootiological point of view, and a general review of epizootiology in prevention of insect disease. Offers the most comprehensive bibliography of this subject anywhere. Well illustrated.