The Influence of In-cylinder Flows on the Flame Kernel Growth in Natural Gas Fuelled Spark Ignition Engines PDF Download
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Author: Richard J. Ancimer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The objective of this work was to determine the influence of in-cylinder flows on the natural gas combustion process in configurations representative of light duty vehicle spark ignition engines. Specifically, the influence of the flow field on the flame kernel development period was of interest. The interactions between the flow field and the combustion process were quantified by correlating characteristic in-cylinder fluid flow and mass burn rate parameters. The fluid motion, flame kernel development and the overall combustion duration were characterised using: (i) a two-component laser Doppler velocimeter for the in-cylinder fluid flow, (ii) a fibre-optic instrumented spark plug for the flame kernel growth rate, and (iii) a piezo-electric pressure transducer for the in-cylinder pressure from which the overall mass burn rate data is obtained. The measurements were made on an individual cycle basis. Results from a single cylinder V6 optical engine are reported. Physical interpretations of: (i) the flow field evolution and (ii) the interactions between the flow field and the natural gas combustion process are presented. The main contributions of this work are through: (i) the application of novel data processing techniques, and (ii) the exploration of the fibre-optic instrumented spark plug as a measurement technique in high swirl engines. For example, the discrete wavelet transform is used to show: (i) the energy cascade process in the non-stationary engine flow field over crank angle phase and frequency; and (ii) how the flow field evolution influences the early stages of the natural gas combustion process. The fibre-optic instrumented spark plug is shown to measure a mass-weighted velocity. Data from the fibre-optic instrumented spark plug data are shown to be biased by the large convection velocities in high swirl engines. This work provides the foundation upon which further investigations into the influence of different in-cylinder flows on the natural gas combustion process in spark ignition engines can be based.
Author: Richard J. Ancimer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The objective of this work was to determine the influence of in-cylinder flows on the natural gas combustion process in configurations representative of light duty vehicle spark ignition engines. Specifically, the influence of the flow field on the flame kernel development period was of interest. The interactions between the flow field and the combustion process were quantified by correlating characteristic in-cylinder fluid flow and mass burn rate parameters. The fluid motion, flame kernel development and the overall combustion duration were characterised using: (i) a two-component laser Doppler velocimeter for the in-cylinder fluid flow, (ii) a fibre-optic instrumented spark plug for the flame kernel growth rate, and (iii) a piezo-electric pressure transducer for the in-cylinder pressure from which the overall mass burn rate data is obtained. The measurements were made on an individual cycle basis. Results from a single cylinder V6 optical engine are reported. Physical interpretations of: (i) the flow field evolution and (ii) the interactions between the flow field and the natural gas combustion process are presented. The main contributions of this work are through: (i) the application of novel data processing techniques, and (ii) the exploration of the fibre-optic instrumented spark plug as a measurement technique in high swirl engines. For example, the discrete wavelet transform is used to show: (i) the energy cascade process in the non-stationary engine flow field over crank angle phase and frequency; and (ii) how the flow field evolution influences the early stages of the natural gas combustion process. The fibre-optic instrumented spark plug is shown to measure a mass-weighted velocity. Data from the fibre-optic instrumented spark plug data are shown to be biased by the large convection velocities in high swirl engines. This work provides the foundation upon which further investigations into the influence of different in-cylinder flows on the natural gas combustion process in spark ignition engines can be based.
Author: Richard J. Ancimer Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISBN: 9780612537927 Category : Languages : en Pages : 410
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Abstract : A significant challenge facing spark-ignited (SI) engines to achieve higher efficiency via highly diluted combustion is the quickly increased combustion instability as the dilution level increases. The flow motion variation has been identified as a dominant factor that introduces combustion variability at highly diluted conditions. However, the detailed mechanism of how the variation in flow motion impacts the flame kernel development and introduces combustion instability is only partially understood. This research investigated the impacts of the in-cylinder flow on variability of the ignition and early flame kernel development in a single cylinder direct-injection spark-ignition (DI-SI) optically accessible engine and accessory test benches. Firstly, different types of spark plug electrode designs were studied on a spark plug flow fixture bench. The results showed that the impacts of incoming flow on the ignition output vary as the incoming flow direction is changed. The ignition energy drops and discharge duration prolongs as the incoming flow is blocked by any part of the electrodes. Secondly, the flow motion near the spark plug region was investigated in an optical engine through high-speed imaging of the spark discharge arc stretching and flow field measurement via particle imaging velocimetry. It was observed that at motored conditions there is a consistent trend that the flow can change direction from the bulk motion as the piston approaches the top dead center (TDC). The transition of flow direction near the spark plug is a source of variability in initial flame kernel convection and propagation. It was found that by increasing the tumble motion, the transition window can be retarded later in the cycle. Lastly, the impacts of the unstable incylinder flow motion on the flame kernel initiation and development was studied at both diluted and stoichiometric conditions. The 2D and 1D probability distribution functions of the flame kernel indicated that the reversed flow direction near the spark plug at ignition timing results in smaller and less stretched flame kernels, which are a source of combustion variability. As the tumble level is increased, the window where the transition of flow direction occurs near the spark plug also changes. This research indicates that, at the studied loads and speeds, higher tumble level helps maintain a consistent flow motion near the spark plug at the ignition timing, which results in faster growing flame kernels.
Author: C. Arcoumanis Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 354068901X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 427
Book Description
Optimization of combustion processes in automotive engines is a key factor in reducing fuel consumption. This book, written by eminent university and industry researchers, investigates and describes flow and combustion processes in diesel and gasoline engines.
Author: Daniel J Holt Publisher: SAE International ISBN: 0768012988 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 570
Book Description
The 53 technical papers in this book show the improvements and design techniques that researchers have applied to performance and racing engines. They provide an insight into what the engineers consider to be the top improvements needed to advance engine technology; and cover subjects such as: 1) Direct injection; 2) Valve spring advancements; 3) Turbocharging; 4) Variable valve control; 5) Combustion evaluation; and 5) New racing engines.
Author: Kalyan Kumar Srinivasan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811333076 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 419
Book Description
This book covers the various advanced reciprocating combustion engine technologies that utilize natural gas and alternative fuels for transportation and power generation applications. It is divided into three major sections consisting of both fundamental and applied technologies to identify (but not limited to) clean, high-efficiency opportunities with natural gas fueling that have been developed through experimental protocols, numerical and high-performance computational simulations, and zero-dimensional, multizone combustion simulations. Particular emphasis is placed on statutes to monitor fine particulate emissions from tailpipe of engines operating on natural gas and alternative fuels.
Author: Richard J. Ancimer
Author: Richard J. Ancimer
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