The Influence of Dietary Calcium, PH and Age on Calcium Metabolism and Requirement in Pre- and Postpartum Dairy Cows PDF Download

Author: Chang-won Kim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description

Author: James Marvin Boda
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 160

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Book Description

Author: Dorinha M. S. S. Vitti
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 1845936272
Category : Animal nutrition
Languages : en
Pages : 190

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Book Description
This book contains 10 chapters that discuss phosphorus and calcium metabolism, efficiency of utilization, availability, requirements and excretion in livestock and environmental impact.

Author: Changzheng Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 211

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Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium in animal nutrition
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Author: Jack Roger Luick
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium
Languages : en
Pages : 174

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Book Description

Author: James Nicholas McKinley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium
Languages : en
Pages : 190

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Book Description

Author: Barbara A. Barton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dairy cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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Author: Franklin Chambers McLean
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Calcium
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Book Description

Author: Anthony Pelico Thomas
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267240927
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Diets rich in calcium (Ca) and dairy foods have been implicated in adiposity reduction: attenuation of body fat accretion during excess energy intake, reduced body fat during energy balance, and increased body fat loss during restricted energy intake. This implication is of interest to public health given the obesity pandemic, but lacks consensus among the scientific community due to inconsistencies in study outcomes and yet undetermined mechanism(s) of action. Reasons for such discrepancies may be related to differences in study designs and some have suggested the purported anti-obesity properties of increased dietary Ca is context-specific (i.e. source of dietary Ca, previous Ca status, duration of increased Ca consumption). Although much focus has been on Ca content of the diet, potential anti-obesity effects of dietary Ca cannot be dissociated from other dairy food components that may contribute to observed reductions in adiposity. Animal studies in polygenic rodent models of diet-induced obesity that showed adiposity reduction in response to increased dietary Ca have only been in the context of dairy food components not present in the low Ca control diets, thus anti-obesity effects could not be attributed to Ca per se. Additionally, these animal studies have generally been in the context of developing obesity (examine ability of increased Ca/dairy to reduce body fat accretion in response to an obesity promoting diet), which does not reflect typical human intervention scenarios in subjects with pre-existing obesity. Increased dietary Ca is also purported to have anti-inflammatory properties in vivo independent of impact on adiposity, but this concept requires further validation and previously observed reductions in inflammation could not be dissociated from adiposity reduction in response to increased Ca/dairy. To address these issues, we investigated potential anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties of increased dietary Ca with and without dairy food components in a commonly used mouse model of diet-induced obesity (male C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet). First, we established the reduced Ca (but nutritionally adequate) high fat diet (lacking dairy food components) and feeding duration for obesity development with associated metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes in relation to a low fat diet. The subsequent studies incorporated increased dietary Ca and increased dietary Ca in the context of dairy food components in a high fat diet to evaluate outcomes in 1) developing obesity or 2) pre-existing obesity in the absence of energy restricted weight loss. Energy intake and composition have been potential confounding factors difficult to control in previous randomized clinical trials investigating the relationship between increased dietary Ca/dairy and indexes of adiposity, especially since these diets may impact food intake. Thus, a controlled-feeding study investigating the incorporation of 3-4 dairy servings daily in the context of modest energy restriction ( -500 kcal/day) on adiposity (i.e. body weight, body fat, intra-abdominal adipose tissue) as well as inflammation in overweight and obese men and women (with previously low Ca/dairy intake) was performed. Results from the animal studies suggest attenuation of obesity development and progression in response to increased dietary Ca is only in the context of dairy food components, and reduced white adipose tissue inflammation in these animals is primarily driven by reductions in adiposity. Interestingly, marked improvement in glucose tolerance and reduced liver triglyceride accumulation in response to the introduction of a obesity promoting high Ca dairy-based diet in mice with pre-existing obesity suggests metabolic benefits independent of adiposity reduction and inflammatory status (given similarities in these parameters across treatment groups). Thus, putative anti-obesity properties of dietary Ca may require dairy food components to manifest, or alternatively, dairy food components other than Ca are responsible for adiposity reduction in polygenic rodent models of diet-induced obesity. Results from the human clinical weight loss trial do not support a role for increased dietary Ca derived from various dairy foods to augment fat loss and reduce inflammation under controlled feeding conditions and modest energy restriction in healthy overweight and obese individuals. Therapeutic potential of such a dietary intervention may only manifest with consumption of certain dairy products and unrestricted dietary composition/intake.