The Influence of Cultural Practices on Yield and Malting Quality of Barley PDF Download

Author: Mohammed Khursheed Ahmed
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ISBN:
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Languages : en
Pages : 103

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Book Description
Field experiments were conducted at the New Jersey Agriculture Experiment Station, Adelphia, New Jersey in 1968 and 1969. These studies involved: (a) three seeding rates of 81, 108 and 162 kg. per hectare each seeded in three inter-row spacings of 15.3, 22.9 and 30.5 cm. and (b) four levels of nitrogen, 28, 56, 84 and 112 kg. per hectare, applied as split application in fall and spring. The object of the experiments was to study the influence of three cultural treatments on grain yield, yield components, grain protein and other seed and plant characteristics of a newly introduced, two-row barley cultivar, Tschermak. The first experiment was laid out in factorial and the second in a 4 x 4 balanced lattice design. The grain yield was signicantly influenced by both the seeding rates and spacings in 1969. Although the grain yield was not significantly affected by these treatments in 1968, the tratments had a significant effect on individual yield components. All the three yield components, number of spikes per unit area, seed weight and number of kernels per spike, were significantly influenced by spacing in both the seasons. An increase in inter-row spacings decreased the number of spikes per unit area as a result of greater intra-row competition caused by a higher stand density within a row. This was because at the wider inter-row spacings the number of rows per unit area was reduced. The highest seed weight resulted from the 108 kg. Seeding rate in 1969, and the same seeding rate produced significantly heavier seeds than 162 kg. seeding rate in 1968. The widest inter-row spacing of 30.5 cm produced significantly heavier seeds than the other two inter-row spacings in both seasons. The plant height was not significantly influenced by seeding rates in either experiment but the differences due to inter-row spacings were highly significant in both years. The multiple correlation coefficient showed that number of kernels per spike and seed weight contributed 62 percent of the grain yeld in 1969. The grain yield was significantly influenced by rate and time of nitrogen application in both seasons. In general, the yield increased with increasing rates of nitrogen. Among the yield components, the number of spikes per unit area was significantly affected in both seasons. The higher rates of nitrogen produced more spikes per unit area. The spring application produced the highest number of spikes per unit area from single applications. Seed weight was not significantly affected in either year. The differences in the number of seeds per spike were also not significantly affected in either year. The percentage of plump kernels decreased with increasing rates of nitrogen in 1968. The grain protein was significantly influenced by the treatments in both seasons. Plant height was also significantly influenced by nitrogen treatments. The higher rates produced taller plants and the late spring application produced shorter plants than the other times of application in both seasons. Lodging occurred in the 1968 season. The higher rates of nitrogen lodged the crop more severely. Multiple correlation of coefficients showed that number of seeds and number of kernels per spike contributed 88.9 and 65.5 percent of the grain yield in 1968 and 1969, respectively.