The Influence of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate on Atmosphere-biosphere Interactions PDF Download

Author: Allison L. Steiner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 266

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Author: Joshua Shutter
Publisher: American Chemical Society
ISBN: 0841299218
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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Book Description
Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions provides readers with a short and succinct background of the field of biosphere-atmosphere exchange and its relevance today, helping readers new to this field understand the basics so they can better understand the research literature. This dynamic e-primer includes animations, pop-up glossary, weblinks and video interviews by leading experts in the field.

Author: Sam James Silva
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 191

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Book Description
The interactions between the biosphere and the atmosphere are an important controlling factor for regional to global atmospheric chemistry and composition. This ultimately has wide impacts on issues like air quality and climate change. However, there are still substantial uncertainties in the biosphere-atmosphere interaction processes that drive the global abundance and variability of many critically important atmospheric constituents, including ozone, aerosol, and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). This thesis aims to address these uncertainties through a multifaceted approach, combining theory and data-driven models with observations. The scope of the research completed herein is introduced and described in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 is a case study of biosphere atmosphere interactions where the air quality impact of large-scale agricultural deforestation in Southeast Asia is investigating using global models. Chapters 3 and 4 focus on research toward improving model estimates of dry deposition, a process by which vegetation functions as a sink for atmospheric aerosol and reactive gas species. Chapter 3 constrains theoretical estimates of global dry deposition through comparison to a large suite of observations, in order to provide a detailed assessment of current theory. Chapter 4 develops a data-driven model for this process using "deep learning", an artificial intelligence-based regression method. This data-driven approach is nearly an order of magnitude more accurate than current theoretically based models. Chapter 5 focuses on assessing simulated impacts of biosphere-atmosphere interactions on atmospheric chemistry. Satellite observations of formaldehyde and glyoxal were used to constrain the chemical transformations relevant for VOC chemistry globally. In the final project, in Chapter 6, an improved representation of plant canopy processes for use in atmospheric chemistry simulations is developed, and its performance is assessed. Finally, Chapter 7 summarizes the work completed in this thesis.

Author: Lennart Bengtsson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521782388
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 124

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309031966
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 280

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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309445655
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227

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Our world is changing at an accelerating rate. The global human population has grown from 6.1 billion to 7.1 billion in the last 15 years and is projected to reach 11.2 billion by the end of the century. The distribution of humans across the globe has also shifted, with more than 50 percent of the global population now living in urban areas, compared to 29 percent in 1950. Along with these trends, increasing energy demands, expanding industrial activities, and intensification of agricultural activities worldwide have in turn led to changes in emissions that have altered the composition of the atmosphere. These changes have led to major challenges for society, including deleterious impacts on climate, human and ecosystem health. Climate change is one of the greatest environmental challenges facing society today. Air pollution is a major threat to human health, as one out of eight deaths globally is caused by air pollution. And, future food production and global food security are vulnerable to both global change and air pollution. Atmospheric chemistry research is a key part of understanding and responding to these challenges. The Future of Atmospheric Chemistry Research: Remembering Yesterday, Understanding Today, Anticipating Tomorrow summarizes the rationale and need for supporting a comprehensive U.S. research program in atmospheric chemistry; comments on the broad trends in laboratory, field, satellite, and modeling studies of atmospheric chemistry; determines the priority areas of research for advancing the basic science of atmospheric chemistry; and identifies the highest priority needs for improvements in the research infrastructure to address those priority research topics. This report describes the scientific advances over the past decade in six core areas of atmospheric chemistry: emissions, chemical transformation, oxidants, atmospheric dynamics and circulation, aerosol particles and clouds, and biogeochemical cycles and deposition. This material was developed for the NSF's Atmospheric Chemistry Program; however, the findings will be of interest to other agencies and programs that support atmospheric chemistry research.

Author: G.B. Marini-Bettòlo
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080874851
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 727

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Book Description
This book covers the proceedings of a study week held to bring together the most varied experiences in the many disciplines which form the background of ecology. The purpose of the meeting was to examine the present state of knowledge and the need for research in order to gather the information necessary for action to protect the environment and biosphere. Many aspects of the anthropogenic effects on the atmosphere have been studied. However more research is needed to quantify the impact of the various chemicals on the changes occurring in the atmosphere. Acid rain formation mechanisms, although investigated, are not yet fully understood. It is thus necessary to program carefully our future, after further interdisciplinary research, in order to avoid irreversible damage to our environment.The guidelines of this action, as a result of the presentations and discussions, are reported in the conclusions. The main points stressed are: tropospheric chemistry, the problem of the conservation of the ozone layer, the growth of carbon dioxide and climate changes, atmospheric acidity, the effects of changes on water, soils and biota as well as the particular problems of the tropical world. The book will be ideal for postgraduates studying atmospheric chemistry and for environmental protection agencies.

Author: Detlev Möller
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110228351
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 741

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Climate change is one of the biggest challenges facing the modern world. The chemistry of the air within the framework of the climate system forms the main focus of this monograph. This problem-based approach to presenting global atmospheric processes begins with the chemical evolution of the climate system in order to evaluate the effects of changing air composition as well as possibilities for interference within these processes. Chemical interactions of the atmosphere with the biosphere and hydrosphere are treated in the sense of a multi-phase chemistry. From the perspective of a "chemical climatology" the book offers an approach to solving the problem of climate change through chemistry.

Author: John H. Seinfeld
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118591364
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1249

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Book Description
Thoroughly restructured and updated with new findings and new features The Second Edition of this internationally acclaimed text presents the latest developments in atmospheric science. It continues to be the premier text for both a rigorous and a complete treatment of the chemistry of the atmosphere, covering such pivotal topics as: * Chemistry of the stratosphere and troposphere * Formation, growth, dynamics, and properties of aerosols * Meteorology of air pollution * Transport, diffusion, and removal of species in the atmosphere * Formation and chemistry of clouds * Interaction of atmospheric chemistry and climate * Radiative and climatic effects of gases and particles * Formulation of mathematical chemical/transport models of the atmosphere All chapters develop results based on fundamental principles, enabling the reader to build a solid understanding of the science underlying atmospheric processes. Among the new material are three new chapters: Atmospheric Radiation and Photochemistry, General Circulation of the Atmosphere, and Global Cycles. In addition, the chapters Stratospheric Chemistry, Tropospheric Chemistry, and Organic Atmospheric Aerosols have been rewritten to reflect the latest findings. Readers familiar with the First Edition will discover a text with new structures and new features that greatly aid learning. Many examples are set off in the text to help readers work through the application of concepts. Advanced material has been moved to appendices. Finally, many new problems, coded by degree of difficulty, have been added. A solutions manual is available. Thoroughly updated and restructured, the Second Edition of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics is an ideal textbook for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students, as well as a reference for researchers in environmental engineering, meteorology, chemistry, and the atmospheric sciences. Click here to Download the Solutions Manual for Academic Adopters: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-292291.html

Author: John W. Birks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 184

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Book Description
Presents recommendations from recognized world leaders in environmental research and policy. Valuable reading for environmental scientists, environmental and public policy-makers, and members of the general public with an interest in environmental matters. Contains the perspectives and recommendations from the 1991 conference, Presents Chemical Research Applied to World Needs. Presents viewpoints from science and industry, as well as developing countries. Addresses the problem of maintaining human progress within acceptable costs.