The Historical Geography of the Iron Industry of the United States PDF Download

Author: Albertine E. Metzner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 200

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Author: Anne Kelly Knowles
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226448592
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 343

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Book Description
Veins of iron run deep in the history of America. Iron making began almost as soon as European settlement, with the establishment of the first ironworks in colonial Massachusetts. Yet it was Great Britain that became the Atlantic world’s dominant low-cost, high-volume producer of iron, a position it retained throughout the nineteenth century. It was not until after the Civil War that American iron producers began to match the scale and efficiency of the British iron industry. In Mastering Iron, Anne Kelly Knowles argues that the prolonged development of the US iron industry was largely due to geographical problems the British did not face. Pairing exhaustive manuscript research with analysis of a detailed geospatial database that she built of the industry, Knowles reconstructs the American iron industry in unprecedented depth, from locating hundreds of iron companies in their social and environmental contexts to explaining workplace culture and social relations between workers and managers. She demonstrates how ironworks in Alabama, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia struggled to replicate British technologies but, in the attempt, brought about changes in the American industry that set the stage for the subsequent age of steel. Richly illustrated with dozens of original maps and period art work, all in full color, Mastering Iron sheds new light on American ambitions and highlights the challenges a young nation faced as it grappled with its geographic conditions.

Author: Mary Cecilia Delany
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Iron industry and trade
Languages : en
Pages : 74

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Author: Charles Oscar Paullin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atlases
Languages : en
Pages : 436

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A digitally enhanced version of this atlas was developed by the Digital Scholarship Lab at the University of Richmond and is available online. Click the link above to take a look.

Author: Kenneth Warren
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN: 0822978733
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 352

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Book Description
A richly detailed account of the American steel industry from its beginnings until 1970, when its long period of international leadership was challenged, this book interprets steel from viewpoints of historical and economic geography. It considers both physical factors, such as resouces, and human factors such as market, organization, and governmental policy. In major discussions of the east coast, Pittsburgh, the Ohio Valley, the Great Lakes, the South and the West, Warren analyzes the location and relocation of steel plants over 120 years. He explains the influence on location of a variety of factors: The accessibility of resources, the cost of transportation, the existence of specialized markets, and the availability of entrepreneurial skills, capital, and labor. He also evaluates the role of management in the development of the industry, through an analysis of individual companies, including Bethlehem, Carnegie, United States Steel, Kaiser, Inland, Jones and Laughlin, and Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Warren examines the influence exerted on the industry by complex technological changes and weighs their significance against market forces and the supply of natural resources. In the production process alone, the industry changed from pig iron to steel; from charcoal to anthracite; to bituminous coking coal; and from the widespread use of low-grade ore from the eastern United States, to the high quality but localized deposits of the Upper Great Lakes, to imported ores. Unlike other industrialized nations, the United States has undergone major geographical shifts in steel consumption since the 1850s. As the American population moved south and west into new territory, steel followed. Warren concludes that these radical alterations in the distribution and demand were the decisive force in the location of steel production.

Author: Michael Williams
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521428378
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 630

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Dr Williams begins by exploring the role of the forest in American culture: the symbols, themes, and concepts - for example, pioneer woodsman, lumberjack, wilderness - generated by contact with the vast land of trees. He considers the Indian use of the forest, describing the ways in which native tribes altered it, primarily through fire, to promote a subsistence economy.

Author: Allan M. Williams
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317506944
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 232

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Book Description
This volume provides a survey of the world’s iron-ore resources during the 1960s and the distribution of the iron and steel industries. There are specific chapters on the UK , Western Europe, the USSR, the USA and smaller sections on Africa, Latin America and South East Asia. Particular attention is paid to the political aspects of the steel industry, for example in Post-War Germany.

Author: Henry Clifford Darby
Publisher: University of Exeter Press
ISBN: 9780859896993
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description
This set of twelve previously unpublished essays on historical geography written by Darby in the 1960s explains the basis of his ideas. The essays are divided into three quartets of studies relating to England, France and the United States.

Author: District of Columbia. Board of Education
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 130

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Author: Clayton J. Ruminski
Publisher: Trillium
ISBN: 9780814213216
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Development and struggle, 1802-1840 -- Brier Hill coal and "merchantable" pig iron, 1840-1856 -- Railroads, coal, iron, and war, 1856-1865 -- Expansion and depression, 1865-1879 -- The pressure of steel, 1879-1894 -- Steel, consolidation, and the fall of iron, 1894-1913