The “Hidden” Prehistory of European Research Networking PDF Download

Author: Olivier Martin
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
ISBN: 1466938722
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 270

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Book Description
The main purpose of this book, which mostly covers the period 19841993, is about the history of European research networking. In particular, it strives to throw some light on some lesser known, sometimes forgotten, aspects of the European research networking history, as the EARN and EASInet initiatives from IBM but also DEC (EARN/OSI), thanks to operational pan-European networks, which were built during the period 19841990 thus allowing the start of operational European academic and research networking services in a very effective and swift manner. A secondary purpose of this article is to make a critical assessment of the political and technical achievements of the European NRENs and especially those of DANTE, the company set up by these same NRENs to build and operate a pan-European backbone interconnecting their national networking infrastructures as well as establishing international connections to other NRENs worldwide.

Author: Christian W Fabjan
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 981474915X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 485

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Book Description
'The contributions from leading scientists of the day collected in this relatively slim book document CERN's 60-year voyage of innovation and discovery, the repercussions of which vindicate the vision of those who drove the foundation of the laboratory — European in constitution, but global in impact. The spirit of inclusive collaboration, which was a key element of the original vision for the laboratory, together with the aim of technical innovation and scientific excellence, are reflected in each of the articles in this unique volume.'CERN Courier'Big' science and advanced technology are known to cross-fertilize. This book emphasizes the interplay between particle physics and technology at CERN that has led to breakthroughs in both research and technology over the laboratory's first 60 years. The innovations, often the work of individuals or by small teams, are illustrated with highlights describing selected technologies from the domains of accelerators and detectors. The book also presents the framework and conditions prevailing at CERN that enabled spectacular advances in technology and contributed to propel the European organization into the league of leading research laboratories in the world.While the book is specifically aimed at providing information for the technically interested general public, more expert readers may also appreciate the broad variety of subjects presented. Ample references are given for those who wish to further explore a given topic.

Author: Christian Gram
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319171453
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 389

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Book Description
This book constitutes the refereed post-proceedings of the 4th IFIP WG 9.7 Conference on the History of Nordic Computing, HiNC 4, held in Copenhagen, Denmark, in August 2014. The 37 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in this volume. The papers focus on innovative ICT milestones that transformed the nordic societies and on the new ideas, systems and solutions that helped creating the welfare societies of today, in particular solutions and systems for public services, e.g., tax, social benefits, health care and education; solutions and systems for the infrastructure of the society, e.g., banking, insurance, telephones, transport and energy supply; and technologies and IT policies behind the major IT milestones, e.g., user centric innovation, programming techniques and IT ethics. They are organized in topical sections on IT policy, infrastructure, public services, private services, telesystems, health care, IT in banking, transport and IT technology.

Author: Bishop, Jonathan
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1466660392
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332

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Book Description
Digital technology and the Internet have greatly affected the political realm in recent years, allowing citizens greater input and interaction in government processes. The mainstream media no longer holds all the power in political commentary. Transforming Politics and Policy in the Digital Age provides an updated assessment of the implications of technology for society and the realm of politics. The book covers issues presented by the technological changes on policy making and offers a wide array of perspectives. This publication will appeal to researchers, politicians, policy analysts, and academics working in e-government and politics.

Author: Howard Davies
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 352732710X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 347

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Book Description
The first book written and edited by the people who developed the Internet, this book deals with the history of creating universal protocols and a global data transfer network. The result is THE authoritative source on the topic, providing a vast amount of insider knowledge unavailable elsewhere. Despite the huge number of contributors, the text is uniform in style and level, and of interest to every scientist and a must-have for all network developers as well as agencies dealing with the Net.

Author: Florian Greiner
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110685477
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 438

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Book Description
This pertinent and highly original volume explores how ideas of Europe and processes of continental political, socio-economic, and cultural integration have been intertwined since the nineteenth century. Applying a wider definition of Europeanization in the sense of "becoming European", it will pay equal attention to counter-processes of disentanglement and disintegration that have accompanied, slowed down, or displaced such trends and developments. By focusing on the practices, agents, and experience of Europeanization, the volume strives to bring together the history of ideas and the history of human actions and conduct, two approaches that are usually treated separately in the field of European studies.

Author: Maria Paula Diogo
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031021290
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 151

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Book Description
This book deals with the simultaneous making of Portuguese engineers and the Portuguese nation-state from the mid seventeenth century to the late twentieth century. It argues that the different meanings of being an engineer were directly dependent of projects of nation building and that one cannot understand the history of engineering in Portugal without detailing such projects. Symmetrically, the authors suggest that the very same ability of collectively imagining a nation relied on large measure on engineers and their practices. National culture was not only enacted through poetry, music, and history, but it demanded as well fortresses, railroads, steam engines, and dams. Portuguese engineers imagined their country in dialogue with Italian, British, French, German or American realities, many times overlapping such references. The book exemplifies how history of engineering makes more salient the transnational dimensions of national history. This is valid beyond the Portuguese case and draws attention to the potential of history of engineering for reshaping national histories and their local specificities into global narratives relevant for readers across different geographies.

Author: W. Kaiser
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 0230283268
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 268

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Book Description
Shows that networks in European integration governance were not a phenomenon that developed in the 1980s out of a 'hollowing out' of the nation-states in the 1970s. Based throughout on newly accessible sources, the authors discuss various networks and show how they contributed to constitutional choices and policy decisions after World War II.

Author: Hans-Liudger Dienel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317104854
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 309

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Book Description
Presenting recent research on the international integration of infrastructures in Europe, this book combines general and methodological chapters and examples from different a variety of sectors such as transport, electricity and communication networks. Particular focus is on the contrast between the 'Europe of nation states' of the nineteenth century (up to 1914) and the emerging 'integrated Europe' after World War II. Additional contributions provide perspectives from beyond Europe. The wide range of topics gives a good overview of the different challenges posed and the strategies employed in each sector to establish internationally compatible networks, procedures and standards. This work strengthens comparative research as a complement to the detailed analysis of singular cases that often characterises previous works in this field. Methodologically, it therefore contributes to the progress of tools and strategies for comparative historical research. Part of the emerging research area dealing with the mechanisms of international collaboration, this book brings together recent research from European integration history, policy studies, political economy and cultural studies. Considering the growing intensity of international collaboration and exchange in many parts of social and economic life, it is also of topical interest.

Author: Gerold Ambrosius
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319224670
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 215

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Book Description
This book compares the cross-border integration of infrastructures in Europe such as post, telecommunication and transportation in the 19th century and the period following the Second World War. In addition to providing a unique perspective on the development of cross-border infrastructures and the international regimes regulating them, it offers the first systematic comparison of a variety of infrastructure sectors, identifies general developmental trends and supplies theoretical explanations. In this regard, integration is defined as international standardization, network building and the establishment of international organizations to regulate cross-border infrastructures.