The Great Northern War (1700-1721) and the Destruction of Sweden as a Major European Military and Political Power PDF Download

Author: Paul Alan Chase
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Europe
Languages : en
Pages : 170

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Author: Lars Ericson Wolke
Publisher: Century of the Soldier
ISBN: 9781912390182
Category : Northern War, 1700-1721
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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This is the story of Sweden ́s Army during the wars 1700-1721 against a number of enemies, foremost Russia, until the collapse of the Swedish Empire.

Author: Lars-Eric Höglund
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789197234177
Category : Northern War, 1700-1721
Languages : en
Pages : 158

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Author: Henrik O. Lunde
Publisher: Casemate
ISBN: 1612002420
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 322

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This book examines the meteoric rise of Sweden as the pre-eminent military power in Europe during the Thirty Years War during the 1600s, and then follows its line of warrior kings into the next century until the Swedes finally meet their demise, in an overreach into the vastness of Russia. A small Scandinavian nation, with at most one and a half million people and scant internal resources of its own, there was small logic to how Sweden could become the dominant power on the Continent. That Sweden achieved this was due to its leadership—a case-study in history when pure military skill, and that alone, could override the demographic and economic factors which have in modern times been termed so pre-eminent. Once Protestantism emerged, via Martin Luther, the most devastating war in European history ensued, as the Holy Roman Empire sought to resassert its authority by force. Into this bloody maelstrom stepped Gustav Adolf of Sweden, a brilliant tactician and strategist, who with his finely honed Swedish legions proceeded to establish a new authority in northern Europe. Gustav, as brave as he was brilliant, was finally killed while leading a cavalry charge at the Battle of Lützen. He had innovated, however, tactics and weaponry that put his successors in good stead, as Sweden remained a great power, rivaled only by France and Spain in terms of territory in Europe. And then one of his successors, Karl XII, turned out to be just as great a military genius as Gustav himself, and as the year 1700 arrived, Swedish armies once more burst out in all directions. Karl, like Gustav, assumed the throne while still a teenager, but immediately displayed so much acumen, daring and skill that chroniclers could only compare him, like Gustav, to Alexander the Great. This book examines thoroughly, yet in highly readable fashion, the century during which Swedish military power set an example for all Europe. While the Continent was most visibly divided along religious lines—Catholic versus Protestant—geopolitical motives always underlied the conflicts. Sweden’s reliance on its military skill was especially noteworthy, as it veritably founded the modern concept of making wars pay through conquest. Karl XII finally let his ambitions lead him too far, as did Napoleon and Hitler in following centuries, into the vastness of the nascent Russian Empire, where he was finally defeated, at Poltava in Ukraine. Thus the period of Swedish supremacy in Europe came to a close, albeit not without leaving important lessons behind. In this work, by renowned author Henrik O. Lunde, these are clearly to be seen.

Author: Michael Fredholm Von Essen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781804514436
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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A detailed study of the Battle of Narva, where Charles XII of Sweden defeated Peter the Great, showcasing new research and tactics. The Battle of Narva, in which Charles XII of Sweden defeated Peter the Great of Russia, occurred during the Great Northern War. Peter the Great's Disastrous Defeat describes the campaign, presents new research on the battle, details the opposing Swedish and Russian armies, and explains the continued development of the Swedish army. Swedish military might and regional power had expanded immensely during the seventeenth century. A series of successful conquests had transformed the little northern kingdom of Sweden into a great regional power, centered on the Baltic Sea. By the end of the century, the accession to the Swedish throne of Charles XII, a mere youngster without known military experience, convinced the neighboring monarchs that it finally was payback time. In 1699, King Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway, King Augustus II of Saxony and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Tsar Peter I of Russia formed a triple alliance against Sweden. The three monarchs wanted to reconquer lands lost to Sweden during its expansion. King Frederick wished to regain the lost Scanian provinces and Holstein-Gottorp. King Augustus coveted Swedish Livonia, while Tsar Peter desired the ports on the eastern Baltic shore. Soon, Tsar Peter of Russia declared war and attacked Swedish Ingria in the Gulf of Finland. A large Russian army laid siege to the vital port of Narva in modern-day Estonia. Having already successfully invaded Denmark and forced King Frederick of Denmark and Norway to withdraw from the war, King Charles turned his attention to the eastern front and Russia. After a long and arduous march, the Swedish army arrived on the outskirts of Narva in late November 1700. The Swedish King ordered his men immediately to attack the Russian fortified defense lines. With the help of a blizzard and with the wind at their back, the Swedes attacked and broke through the Russian defenses. Panicking, the Russians fled and ultimately surrendered to King Charles. It was a crushing defeat. Tsar Peter lost the entire army, including most senior commanders who fell into captivity, too. The battle had the immediate effect of the Russians evacuating the whole of Ingria. In Peter the Great's Disastrous Defeat, Michael Fredholm von Essen describes the events and tactics that led up to and resulted in the Swedish victory at Narva, presents new research on both the siege and battle and explains the continued development of the Swedish army under King Charles XII.

Author: Daniel A. Schorr
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789197234108
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52

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Author: Knut Helle
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521472999
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 942

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This volume presents a comprehensive exposition of both the prehistory and medieval history of the whole of Scandinavia. The first part of the volume surveys the prehistoric and historic Scandinavian landscape and its natural resources, and tells how man took possession of this landscape, adapting culturally to changing natural conditions and developing various types of community throughout the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages. The rest - and most substantial part of the volume - deals with the history of Scandinavia from the Viking Age to the end of the Scandinavian Middle Ages (c. 1520). The external Viking expansion opened Scandinavia to European influence to a hitherto unknown degree. A Christian church organisation was established, the first towns came into being, and the unification of the three medieval kingdoms of Scandinavia began, coinciding with the formation of the unique Icelandic 'Free State'.

Author: Dhirubhai Patel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 109

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The Great Northern War was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Great Northern War Index Chapter 1: Story of Great Northern 1.1 Opposing parties 1.2 Swedish camp 1.3 Allied camp 1.4 Army size 1.5 1700: Denmark, Riga and Narva 1.6 1701-1706: Poland-Lithuania and Saxony 1.7 1702-1710: Russia and the Baltic provinces 1.8 Formation of a new anti-Swedish alliance 1.9 1709-1714: Ottoman Empire 1.10 1710-1721: Finland 1.11 1710-1716: Sweden and Northern Germany 1.12 1716-1718: Norway 1.13 1719-1721: Sweden 1.14 Peace Chapter 2: Landing at Humlebæk 2.1 Prelude 2.2 The landing 2.3 Aftermath 2.4 Casualties Chapter 3 : Peace of Travendal 3.1 The treaty 3.2 Consequences Chapter 4: Battle of Narva (1700) 4.1 Prelude 4.2 High Command 4.3 Battle 4.4 Action 4.5 Capitulation 4.6 Results Chapter 5: Crossing of the Düna 5.1 Battle 5.2 Aftermath Chapter 6: Battle of Kliszów 6.1 Battle 6.2 Consequences Chapter 7: Battle of Fraustadt 7.1 The battle 7.2 Casualties and losses 7.3 Analysis 7.4 Aftermath Chapter 8: Battle of Kalisz 8.1 Battle 8.2 Aftermath Chapter 9: Campaign of Grodno 9.1 First year 9.2 Invasion of Poland 9.3 The campaign 9.4 Opposing forces 9.5 Plan of attack 9.6 Campaign begins 9.7 Main confrontation 9.8 Aftermath 9.9 Outcome

Author: Frederick C. Schneid
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004226710
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 241

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The two centuries that chronologically bind the topics in this volume span a period when Europe was in its global ascendancy. This volume explores the various factors related to the projection and limitation of imperial powers in the western world between 1618 and 1850.

Author: Peter Englund
Publisher: I.B. Tauris
ISBN: 9781780764764
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 288

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'This victory', exulted Peter the Great, 'has laid the final stone in the foundations of St Petersburg!' The Battle of Poltava, 1709, marks the birth of the Tsar's vast Russian Empire. In 1700, seeking to open Russian trade routes to the West, the Tsar combined with Denmark, Saxony and Poland to attack Swedish hegemony in the North. Against the odds, King Charles XII of Sweden subdued the hostile coalition for nearly a decade, but in 1708 took his fatal decision to march for Moscow. His defeat at Poltava, in the Ukraine, proved the turning-point of the Great Northern War, heralding the collapse of the Swedish Empire and the rise of Russia, the effects of which would be felt for almost three hundred years. Swedish historian Peter Englund's vivid account of the three violent days of battle is an internationally acclaimed classic of military history, admired by scholars and the lay reader alike.