The General Equilibrium Effects of HOV Lanes on Congestion, Sprawl, Energy Use, and Carbon Emissions PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The General Equilibrium Effects of HOV Lanes on Congestion, Sprawl, Energy Use, and Carbon Emissions PDF full book. Access full book title The General Equilibrium Effects of HOV Lanes on Congestion, Sprawl, Energy Use, and Carbon Emissions by Weihua Zhao. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Weihua Zhao Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes have been promoted to encourage carpools, reduce traffic congestion, and improve air quality. At the partial equilibrium level, commuting with three workers per automobile clearly reduces highway congestion, lowers carbon emissions, and saves energy compared to three single drivers. This paper develops a numerical urban simulation model to generate the general equilibrium effects of HOV lanes on urban spatial structure, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions. The major findings are that while HOV lanes reduce traffic congestion and improve welfare, the fall in transportation cost leads to urban sprawl, which results in higher dwelling energy use and a larger carbon footprint. Overall, the HOV lane policy has little effect on total energy consumption and carbon emissions. This is another classic case of general equilibrium effects reversing the partial equilibrium effects of an urban policy. In contrast, a gasoline tax policy leads less urban sprawl but is less effective at lowering energy consumption and carbon emissions. Imposing congestion tolls is a more effective tool at reducing traffic congestion, saving energy, and lowering carbon emissions.
Author: Weihua Zhao Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes have been promoted to encourage carpools, reduce traffic congestion, and improve air quality. At the partial equilibrium level, commuting with three workers per automobile clearly reduces highway congestion, lowers carbon emissions, and saves energy compared to three single drivers. This paper develops a numerical urban simulation model to generate the general equilibrium effects of HOV lanes on urban spatial structure, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions. The major findings are that while HOV lanes reduce traffic congestion and improve welfare, the fall in transportation cost leads to urban sprawl, which results in higher dwelling energy use and a larger carbon footprint. Overall, the HOV lane policy has little effect on total energy consumption and carbon emissions. This is another classic case of general equilibrium effects reversing the partial equilibrium effects of an urban policy. In contrast, a gasoline tax policy leads less urban sprawl but is less effective at lowering energy consumption and carbon emissions. Imposing congestion tolls is a more effective tool at reducing traffic congestion, saving energy, and lowering carbon emissions.
Author: Weihua Zhao Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes have been promoted to encourage carpools, reduce traffic congestion, and improve air quality. At the partial equilibrium level, commuting with three workers per automobile clearly reduces highway congestion, lowers carbon emissions, and saves energy compared with three single drivers. This paper develops a numerical urban simulation model to generate the general equilibrium effects of HOV lanes on urban spatial structure, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions. The major findings are that while HOV lanes reduce traffic congestion and improve welfare, the fall in transportation cost leads to urban sprawl, which results in higher dwelling energy use and a larger carbon footprint. Overall, the HOV lane policy has little effect on total energy consumption and carbon emissions. This is another classic case of general equilibrium effects reversing the partial equilibrium effects of an urban policy. In contrast, a gasoline tax policy leads to less urban sprawl but is less effective at lowering energy consumption and carbon emissions. Imposing congestion tolls is a more effective tool at reducing traffic congestion, saving energy, and lowering carbon emissions.
Author: Leila Ahmadi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobiles Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Today, climate change and energy shortage are major concerns among scientists, politicians, and economists. For decades in the U.S., emphasis has been placed on improving energy efficiency through technological advances. However, most of these technologies are in the initial phases of development, while energy consumption continues to increase at a rapid pace. In order to solve this dilemma, there is a need to develop a faster and more effective approach for controlling the rates of energy consumption and demand. Transportation consumes more energy than other energy-dependent activities, such as those in the industrial, residential, and commercial sectors of the economy. In addition, the transportation sector produces the highest level emissions in comparison to the other energy- dependent activities. Because of this problem, it is important that more studies examine the problem of energy consumption and emissions within the transportation sector. Cities are the main producers of transportation emissions and energy use. Many researchers have considered spatial form of contemporary urban regions as a source of environmental problems. Therefore the goal of this study is to examine the relationship between urban sprawl, transportation energy consumption and the carbon footprint. The impact of sprawl on transportation energy consumption has been investigated using some urban areas in the U.S. as case studies. However, there is not a comprehensive study employing reliable data among metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) across the U.S. To provide a better analysis, this dissertation examined the statistical strength between different urban forms, transportation energy consumption and carbon footprint among 73 MSAs in the U.S., using ordinary least square (OLS). The study found that a significant relationship between urban sprawl and transportation energy consumption and carbon footprint. Nevertheless, there are still more important factors that influence the transportation energy consumption and carbon footprint than urban sprawl.
Author: Reid H. Ewing Publisher: Urban Land Institute ISBN: Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 186
Book Description
Based on a comprehensive study review by leading urban planning researchers, this investigative document demonstrates how urban development is both a key contributor to climate change and an essential factor in combating it -- by reducing vehicle greenhouse gas emissions.
Author: Alberto Bull Publisher: Santiago, Chile : United Nations, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 202
Author: James Keirstead Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0415529018 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 338
Book Description
This book analyses the technical and social systems that satisfy these needs and asks how methods can be put into practice to achieve this.
Author: Cambridge Systematics Publisher: ISBN: 9780874201185 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"Both the public and private sectors are grappling with decisions regarding policies that will lead to reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moving Cooler analyzes and assesses the effectiveness and costs of almost 50 transportation strategies for reducing GHG emissions, as well as evaluates combinations of those strategies. The findings of this study can help decision makers coordinate and shape effective approaches to reducing GHG emissions at all levels - national, regional, and local - while also meeting broader transportation objectives." --Book Jacket.
Author: David Banister Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135819939 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 305
Book Description
This book takes an international perspective on the links between land use, development and transport and present the latest thinking, the theory and practice of these links.
Author: Andreas Kopp Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821398350 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 182
Book Description
Transport provides access to public services for the poor, opens up trade opportunities, and maximizes the benefits of urbanization: the mobility of people and goods drives development. So how can we protect the role of transport in times of scarcer fuels, costly and harmful carbon emissions, and the rising threat of extreme weather events? This is the central question that this book seeks to answer. Turning the Right Corner: Ensuring Development through a Low-Carbon Transport Sector finds that adopting new vehicle technologies and alternative fuels will not be enough to curb greenhouse gas emissions from transport: new patterns of mobility will also be needed. In developing countries where past infrastructure investments have not yet locked in particular transport modes, there is an opportunity to contain emissions by harnessing low-emission modes of transport. The book argues that the transition to low-carbon mobility is not only urgently needed if economies are to avoid becoming locked into high-carbon growth, but is also affordable. It outlines how countries can combine policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions with broader sector reforms that generate new fiscal resources to finance the transition in addition to carbon financing and international assistance. Turning the Right Corner: Ensuring Development through a Low-Carbon Transport Sector will be of interest to policy makers, academics, and development practitioners with an interest in transport. It will help decision makers better understand how to contain the transport sector's contribution to climate change and protect transport infrastructure and services from severe weather events.
Author: Weihua Zhao
Author: Weihua Zhao
Author: Weihua Zhao
Author: Leila Ahmadi
Author: Katherine F. Turnbull
Author: Reid H. Ewing
Author: Alberto Bull
Author: James Keirstead
Author: Cambridge Systematics
Author: David Banister
Author: Andreas Kopp