The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry PDF full book. Access full book title The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry by Pier Luigi Gentili. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Pier Luigi Gentili Publisher: ISBN: 9783039431786 Category : Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
Fuzzy Logic is a good model for the human ability to compute words. It is based on the theory of fuzzy set. A fuzzy set is different from a classical set because it breaks the Law of the Excluded Middle. In fact, an item may belong to a fuzzy set and its complement at the same time and with the same or different degree of membership. The degree of membership of an item in a fuzzy set can be any real number included between 0 and 1. This property enables us to deal with all those statements of which truths are a matter of degree. Fuzzy logic plays a relevant role in the field of Artificial Intelligence because it enables decision-making in complex situations, where there are many intertwined variables involved. Traditionally, fuzzy logic is implemented through software on a computer or, even better, through analog electronic circuits. Recently, the idea of using molecules and chemical reactions to process fuzzy logic has been promoted. In fact, the molecular word is fuzzy in its essence. The overlapping of quantum states, on the one hand, and the conformational heterogeneity of large molecules, on the other, enable context-specific functions to emerge in response to changing environmental conditions. Moreover, analog input-output relationships, involving not only electrical but also other physical and chemical variables can be exploited to build fuzzy logic systems. The development of "fuzzy chemical systems" is tracing a new path in the field of artificial intelligence. This new path shows that artificially intelligent systems can be implemented not only through software and electronic circuits but also through solutions of properly chosen chemical compounds. The design of chemical artificial intelligent systems and chemical robots promises to have a significant impact on science, medicine, economy, security, and wellbeing. Therefore, it is my great pleasure to announce a Special Issue of Molecules entitled "The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry." All researchers who experience the Fuzziness of the molecular world or use Fuzzy logic to understand Chemical Complex Systems will be interested in this book.
Author: Pier Luigi Gentili Publisher: ISBN: 9783039431786 Category : Languages : en Pages : 154
Book Description
Fuzzy Logic is a good model for the human ability to compute words. It is based on the theory of fuzzy set. A fuzzy set is different from a classical set because it breaks the Law of the Excluded Middle. In fact, an item may belong to a fuzzy set and its complement at the same time and with the same or different degree of membership. The degree of membership of an item in a fuzzy set can be any real number included between 0 and 1. This property enables us to deal with all those statements of which truths are a matter of degree. Fuzzy logic plays a relevant role in the field of Artificial Intelligence because it enables decision-making in complex situations, where there are many intertwined variables involved. Traditionally, fuzzy logic is implemented through software on a computer or, even better, through analog electronic circuits. Recently, the idea of using molecules and chemical reactions to process fuzzy logic has been promoted. In fact, the molecular word is fuzzy in its essence. The overlapping of quantum states, on the one hand, and the conformational heterogeneity of large molecules, on the other, enable context-specific functions to emerge in response to changing environmental conditions. Moreover, analog input-output relationships, involving not only electrical but also other physical and chemical variables can be exploited to build fuzzy logic systems. The development of "fuzzy chemical systems" is tracing a new path in the field of artificial intelligence. This new path shows that artificially intelligent systems can be implemented not only through software and electronic circuits but also through solutions of properly chosen chemical compounds. The design of chemical artificial intelligent systems and chemical robots promises to have a significant impact on science, medicine, economy, security, and wellbeing. Therefore, it is my great pleasure to announce a Special Issue of Molecules entitled "The Fuzziness in Molecular, Supramolecular, and Systems Chemistry." All researchers who experience the Fuzziness of the molecular world or use Fuzzy logic to understand Chemical Complex Systems will be interested in this book.
Author: Apostolos Syropoulos Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110704307 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 196
Book Description
The book starts with the assumption that vagueness is a fundamental property of this world. From a philosophical account of vagueness via the presentation of alternative mathematics of vagueness, the subsequent chapters explore how vagueness manifests itself in the various exact sciences: physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, computer science, and engineering.
Author: Pier Luigi Gentili Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832539947 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
Although human intelligence is deeply investigated by neuroscientists, psychologists, philosophers, and AI researchers, we still lack of a widely accepted definition of what it is. If we exploit the emergence theory from Complexity Science to give a definition, we might state that human intelligence is the emergent property of the human nervous system. Such fascinating emergent property allows us to handle both accurate and vague information by computing with numbers and words. Moreover, it allows us to reason, speak and take rational decisions in an environment of uncertainty, partiality and relativity of truth, when the “Incompatibility Principle” holds: “As the complexity of a system increases, accuracy and significance become almost mutually exclusive characteristics of our statements”. Finally, our intelligence allows us recognizing quite easily variable patterns. Therefore, it is worthwhile investigating human intelligence and trying to mimic it by developing Artificial Intelligence. Nowadays, Artificial Intelligence is in vogue: it is applied in both basic and applied science. Traditionally, there are two strategies to develop Artificial Intelligence. A strategy consists in writing human-like intelligent software running in von Neumann computers or special-purpose hardware. The other strategy consists in neuromorphic engineering. Neuromorphic engineering implements surrogates of neurons through non-biological systems, either for neuro-prosthesis or to design brain-like computing machines. A third strategy is now blooming and it consists in using molecular, supramolecular, materials, and systems chemistry to mimic some basic functions of human intelligence such as Boolean, multi-valued logic gates, and Fuzzy logic. This third strategy is originating Chemical Artificial Intelligence (CAI). A relevant purpose of CAI is to design modules for Chemical Robots. A Chemical Robot is thought of as a molecular assembly that reacts autonomously to its environment by probing it with molecular sensors, making decisions by its intrinsic Artificial Neural Networks or logic gates, and performing actions upon its environment through molecular effectors. The intelligent activities of any Chemical Robot should be sustained energetically by a metabolic unit. Chemical Robots should be easily miniaturized and implanted in living beings to interplay with cells or organelles for biomedical applications. They should become auxiliary elements of the natural immune system.
Author: Nicolas Giuseppone Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527821988 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 448
Book Description
A must-have resource that covers everything from out-of-equilibrium chemical systems and materials to dissipative self-assemblies Out-of-Equilibrium Supramolecular Systems and Materials presents a comprehensive overview of the synthetic approaches that use supramolecular bonds in various out-of-thermodynamic equilibrium situations. With contributions from noted experts on the topic, the text contains information on the design of dissipative self-assemblies that maintain their structures when fueled by an external source of energy. The contributors also examine molecules and nanoscale objects and materials that can produce mechanical work based on molecular machines. Additionally, the book explores non-equilibrium supramolecular polymers that can be trapped in kinetically stable states, as well as out-of-equilibrium chemical systems and oscillators that are important to understand the emergence of complex behaviors and, in particular, the origin of life. This important book: Offers comprehensive coverage of fields from design of dissipative self-assemblies to non-equilibrium supramolecular polymers Presents information on a highly emerging and interdisciplinary topic Includes contributions from internationally renowned scientists Written for chemists, physical chemists, biochemists, material scientists, Out-of-Equilibrium Supramolecular Systems and Materials is an indispensable resource written by top scientists in the field.
Author: Rocco Ungaro Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780792356561 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 350
Book Description
A summary of all the most important aspects of supramolecular science, from molecular recognition in chemical and biological systems to supramolecular devices, materials and catalysis. The 17 chapters cover calixarenes, catenanes, cavitands, cholophanes, dendrimers, membranes and self-assembly systems, molecular modelling, molecular level devices, organic materials, peptides and protein surfaces, recognition of carbohydrates, rotaxanes, supramolecular catalysis. A forward-looking chapter written by J.-M. Lehn indicated the future prospects for the entire field. Audience: Ph.D. students and young researchers in chemistry, physics and biology.
Author: Helena Dodziuk Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402002149 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 356
Book Description
A supermolecule is composed of molecules and/or ions held together by weak nonbonding interactions. The interactions can dramatically change the properties of constituent parts of the association. Dodziuk (Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland) explains the emerging field related to these bodies that is interacting with the domains of chemistry, physics, biology, and technology. After giving an account of general ideas constituting the basis of the interdisciplinary field, present and future applications are presented. A brief overview of important groups of compounds and systems involved, especially the macrocyclic ligands, is also presented. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR.
Author: Charlotte Pena Publisher: Nova Science Publishers ISBN: 9781634859073 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
Supramolecular chemistry provides ingenious strategies for the elaboration of functional systems from readily available molecular components. These methodologies have been used for the development of sensors, catalysts, energy or electron transfer systems, agents for photodynamic therapy and so forth. This book reviews the chemistry, types and applications of supramolecular systems. Chapter One discusses the design and applications of supramolecular systems based on (thia)calixarene ammonium derivatives. Chapter Two gives an overview of the methods of stabilization of the elusive bare {V6O19} structure by different capping moieties and substituents, illustrates the main synthetic strategies toward the formation of fully-oxidized {VV6}, mixed-valence {VV/VI6}, and "fully reduced" {VIV6} trisalkoxohexavanadates, describes bis-(trisalkoxo)hexavanadates obtained by post-functionalization reactions, and details their reactivity towards transition metals and lanthanoid complexes. Chapter Three emphasizes the suitability of supramolecular interactions to provide porous materials which have been called Supramolecular Metal-Organic Frameworks (SMOFs). Chapter Four discusses self-assembly of porphyrins in the context of its relevance to photosynthesis.
Author: Katsuhiko Ariga Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540261850 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 215
Book Description
The fundamentals of "supramolecular chemistry" to the latest developments on the subject are covered by this book. It sets out to explain the topic in a relatively easy way. The basic concepts of molecular recognition chemistry are included. Molecules with fascinating shapes and functions such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, rotaxane, and catenane, and molecular assemblies are also explained. Thereafter applications of supermolecules to nanotechnology are introduced with many examples of molecular devices. The last part of the book describes biological supermolecules and their mimics. Though simply explained undergraduate and graduate students in Chemistry will be able to use aspects of this work as an advanced textbook.
Author: Peter J. Cragg Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9048125820 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 267
Book Description
The aim of this book is to return to the biomimicry and medicinal potential that inspired many of the early supramolecular chemists and to set it in the context of current advances in the field. Following an overview of supramolecular chemistry, the first section considers the efforts made to synthesize artificial systems that mimic biological entities. The second section addresses the application of supramolecular principles to molecular diagnostics with a particular emphasis on the ‘receptor-relayreporter’ motif. Many of the examples chosen have clinical importance. The third section takes the clinical diagnostic theme further and demonstrates the therapeutic applications of supramolecular chemistry through photodynamic therapy, drug delivery, and the potential for synthetic peptides to form antibiotic tubes. The short epilogue considers the potential for supramolecular solutions to be found for further challenges in biomimetic and therapeutic chemistry.
Author: Hans-Jörg Schneider Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 378
Book Description
Supramolecular chemistry is one of the most actively pursued fields of science. Its implications reach from molecular recognition in synthetic and natural complexes to exciting new applications in chemical technologies, materials, and biological and medical science. Principles and Methods in Supramolecular Chemistry gives a systematic and concise overview of this diverse subject. Particular emphasis is given to the physical principles and methods which are important in the design, characterization, and application of supramolecular systems. Features that make this monograph essential reading for graduates and researchers in this area include: * A comprehensive overview of non-covalent interactions in supramolecular complexes * A guide to characterizing such complexes by physical methods * Selected applications of synthetic supramolecular systems * Question and answer sections * Illustrations from the Author's webpage which compliment the book.
Author: Pier Luigi Gentili
Author: Pier Luigi Gentili
Author: Apostolos Syropoulos
Author: Pier Luigi Gentili
Author: Nicolas Giuseppone
Author: Rocco Ungaro
Author: Helena Dodziuk
Author: Charlotte Pena
Author: Katsuhiko Ariga
Author: Peter J. Cragg
Author: Hans-Jörg Schneider