The Effects of Solutes on the Ductile-to-brittle Transition of Refractory Metals PDF Download
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Author: George T. Hahn Publisher: ISBN: Category : Heat resistant alloys Languages : en Pages : 62
Book Description
There appear to be two ways in which interstitials promote brittle behavior in Groups V-A and VI-A refractory metals: (1) By locating at the grain boundaries in the form of segregates of precipitates, promoting grain-boundary rupture and crack initiation; and (2) In solid solution by inhibiting dislocation movement and reducing the resistance to crack propagation. Both embrittling effects operate in Group VI-A metals; whereas, only the latter is significant in the Group V-A at the levels of purity currently achieved. The problem of reducing the low-temperature brittleness of Group V-A metals is readily solved through the purity route. Purification of Group V-A metals to interstitial levels well below the solubility limits may be readily accomplished either in the initial purification of the base metal or during melting or consolidation. There are three possible routes to solving the problem of the embrittling effect of interstitials on the Group VI-A metals: (1) the purity route, (2) through working, and (3) through alloying (thermodynamically through strong scavengers, by additions which modify the electron bonding, and via grain-refining dispersions). (Author).
Author: George T. Hahn Publisher: ISBN: Category : Heat resistant alloys Languages : en Pages : 62
Book Description
There appear to be two ways in which interstitials promote brittle behavior in Groups V-A and VI-A refractory metals: (1) By locating at the grain boundaries in the form of segregates of precipitates, promoting grain-boundary rupture and crack initiation; and (2) In solid solution by inhibiting dislocation movement and reducing the resistance to crack propagation. Both embrittling effects operate in Group VI-A metals; whereas, only the latter is significant in the Group V-A at the levels of purity currently achieved. The problem of reducing the low-temperature brittleness of Group V-A metals is readily solved through the purity route. Purification of Group V-A metals to interstitial levels well below the solubility limits may be readily accomplished either in the initial purification of the base metal or during melting or consolidation. There are three possible routes to solving the problem of the embrittling effect of interstitials on the Group VI-A metals: (1) the purity route, (2) through working, and (3) through alloying (thermodynamically through strong scavengers, by additions which modify the electron bonding, and via grain-refining dispersions). (Author).
Author: Joseph R. Davis Publisher: ASM International ISBN: 9780871705969 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 608
Book Description
Materials covered include carbon, alloy and stainless steels; alloy cast irons; high-alloy cast steels; superalloys; titanium and titanium alloys; refractory metals and alloys; nickel-chromium and nickel-thoria alloys; structural intermetallics; structural ceramics, cermets, and cemented carbides; and carbon-composites.
Author: I. Machlin Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468491202 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 493
Book Description
This publication documents Proceedings of the Symposium on Metal lurgy and Technology of Refractory Metal Alloys, held in Washington, D.C. at the Washington Hilton Hotel on April 25-26, 1968, under sponsorship of the Refractory Metals Committee, Institute of Metals Division, of the Metallurgical Society of AIME, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Symposium presented critical reviews of selected topics in refractory metal alloys, thereby contributing to an in-depth understanding of the state-of-the-art, and establishing a base line for further research, development, and application. This Symposium is fifth in a series of conferences on refractory metals, sponsored by the Metallurgical Society of AlME. Publications issuing from the conferences are valuable technical and historical source books, tracing the evolution of refractory metals from early laboratory alloying studies to their present status as useful engineering materials. Refractory metals are arbitrarily defined by melting point. A 0 melting temperature of over 3500 F was selected as the minimum for this Symposium, thus excluding chromium and vanadium, which logically could be treated with other refractory metals in Groups VA and VIA of the periodic table. The Refractory Metals Committee is planning reviews of chromium and vanadium in subsequent conferences.
Author: George T. Hahn
Author: George T. Hahn
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Author: W. S. Hyler
Author: Joseph R. Davis
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Author: I. Machlin