The Effects of Hydrogen on the Fracture Behavior of Welded Carbon Steel Plate PDF Download

Author: Thomas J. Watson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon steel
Languages : en
Pages : 194

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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 15

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The effects of hydrogen on the fracture toughness properties of upset welded Type 304L stainless steel were measured and compared to those measured previously for as-received and as-welded steels. The results showed that the upset welded steels had good fracture toughness properties, but values were lower than the as-received material. The fracture toughness value of the base material was 6420 in-lbs/sq. in., while the welded steels averaged 3660 in-lbs/sq. in. Hydrogen exposure lowered the fracture toughness values of the as-received steel by 43 % to 3670 in-lbs/sq. in. and the welded steels by 21 % to 2890 in-lbs/sq. in. The fracture morphologies of the unexposed steels showed that ductile fracture occurred by the microvoid nucleation and growth process. The size of the microvoids on the fracture surfaces of the welded steels were much smaller and more closely spaced that those found on the base material fracture surfaces. The change in the size and spacing of the microvoids indicates that the fracture toughness properties of the welded steels were lower than the base steels because of the higher concentration of microscopic precipitates on the weld plane. The welds examined thus far have been {open_quotes}good{close_quotes} welds and the presence of these precipitates was not apparent in standard {open_quotes}low{close_quotes}-magnification metallographic sections of the weld planes. The results indicate that hydrogen did not weaken greatly the solid-state welds but that other inclusions or impurities present prior to welding did. Improvements in surface cleaning and preparation prior to welding should be explored as a way to improve the strength of solid-state welded joints.

Author: Ellis E. Fletcher
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Steel
Languages : en
Pages : 82

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This report deals with the deleterious effects of hydrogen gas on steel at elevated temperatures and/or pressures. Hydrogen attack on steels is manifest as decarburization, intergranular fissuring, or blistering. These conditions result in lowered tensile strength, ductility, and impact strength. The reaction of hydrogen with iron carbide to form methane is probably the most important chemical reaction involved in the attack on steel by hydrogen. Attack of steel at elevated temperatures and pressures is limited or prevented by the following measures: (1) use of steel alloyed with strong carbide-forming elements, (2) use of liners of resistant alloy steels, and (3) substitution of resistant nonferrous alloys.

Author: P. F. Timmins
Publisher: ASM International(OH)
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 216

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This book is designed to help metallurgical, chemical, mechanical and reliability engineers responsible for the safe operation and maintenance of equipment made of steel.

Author:
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Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 764

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Author: Alexander Robert Troiano
Publisher: ASM International
ISBN: 9781615031788
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 356

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Author: Anthony W. Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 728

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Author: A. R. Elsea
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Steel
Languages : en
Pages : 42

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This memorandum introduces the problem of delayed, brittle failures associated with hydrogen in steel, particularly high-strength steel. It is intended to help the steel user determine if he has such a problem. The effects of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of steel are dealt with, and the behavior of material susceptible to delayed, brittle failure is described. Also, the effects of such factors as strength level, magnitude of applied stress, hydrogen content, steel composition, test temperature, and strain rate on hydrogen embrittlement and the susceptibility to hydrogen-induced, delayed, brittle failure are discussed. Possible sources of hydrogen in steel and the types of tests useful in determining the susceptibility to delayed failure are outlined. (Author).

Author:
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 704

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Author: A. Duncan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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The methods and interim results from a testing program to quantify hydrogen effects on mechanical properties of carbon steel pipeline and pipeline weld materials are provided. The scope is carbon steels commonly used for natural gas pipelines in the United States that are candidates for hydrogen service in the hydrogen economy. The mechanical test results will be applied in future analyses to evaluate service life of the pipelines. The results are also envisioned to be part of the bases for construction codes and structural integrity demonstrations for hydrogen service pipeline and vessels. Tensile properties of one type of steel (A106 Grade B) in base metal, welded and heat affected zone conditions were tested at room temperature in air and high pressure (1500 psig) hydrogen. A general reduction in the materials ability to plastically deform was noted in this material when specimens were tested in 1500 psig hydrogen. Furthermore, the primary mode of fracture was changed from ductile rupture in air to cleavage with secondary tearing in hydrogen. The mechanical test program will continue with tests to quantify the fracture behavior in terms of J-R curves for these materials at air and hydrogen pressure conditions.