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Author: Brenda Sue Patton Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
Producers are becoming more aware of product quality as a profit driver in the pork industry. One alternative method is the use of hoop buildings, which are deep-bedded, open-ended, tent-like structures covered with a polyethylene fabric tarp. Several items differ between hoop structures and standard confinement systems, including the use of straw for bedding, increased space allocation, and subjection of animals to seasonal environmental changes. The open-ended design of hoop structures allows greater exposure to temperature changes, with less capacity to maintain a constant temperature as outdoor temperatures fluctuate. The following experiments were designed to ascertain affects between hoop systems to confinement systems. The general hypothesis driving this study was that enrichment of the finishing environment provided by semi-outdoor, deep-bedded finishing systems would allow for lower stress susceptibility, thereby influencing growth response, carcass composition, the rate and extent of pH and temperature decline postmortem, ultimately affecting pork quality attributes perceived by the consumer. Space allocation rates from this study will grant producers using these systems with a standard stocking requirement to efficiently optimize swine growth and pork quality. Hoop-finished pigs were slower growing, with relation to average daily gain and feed conversion capacity than confinement-finished pigs. Hoop pigs also had lower levels of backfat at the 10th rib, less marbling in the loin, and less total lipid in the adipose tissue. The ultimate driver hypothesized for these variations was exposure to ambient temperature fluctuations. Providing more space within hoop systems had small affects on growth, performance, or pork quality attributes. Variations in pork quality were limited to lipid deposition, indicating finishing systems observed in these experiments did not alter product quality. Future research initiatives are necessary to determine specific effects of temperature fluctuation and lipid deposition characteristics in these systems.
Author: Brenda Sue Patton Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
Producers are becoming more aware of product quality as a profit driver in the pork industry. One alternative method is the use of hoop buildings, which are deep-bedded, open-ended, tent-like structures covered with a polyethylene fabric tarp. Several items differ between hoop structures and standard confinement systems, including the use of straw for bedding, increased space allocation, and subjection of animals to seasonal environmental changes. The open-ended design of hoop structures allows greater exposure to temperature changes, with less capacity to maintain a constant temperature as outdoor temperatures fluctuate. The following experiments were designed to ascertain affects between hoop systems to confinement systems. The general hypothesis driving this study was that enrichment of the finishing environment provided by semi-outdoor, deep-bedded finishing systems would allow for lower stress susceptibility, thereby influencing growth response, carcass composition, the rate and extent of pH and temperature decline postmortem, ultimately affecting pork quality attributes perceived by the consumer. Space allocation rates from this study will grant producers using these systems with a standard stocking requirement to efficiently optimize swine growth and pork quality. Hoop-finished pigs were slower growing, with relation to average daily gain and feed conversion capacity than confinement-finished pigs. Hoop pigs also had lower levels of backfat at the 10th rib, less marbling in the loin, and less total lipid in the adipose tissue. The ultimate driver hypothesized for these variations was exposure to ambient temperature fluctuations. Providing more space within hoop systems had small affects on growth, performance, or pork quality attributes. Variations in pork quality were limited to lipid deposition, indicating finishing systems observed in these experiments did not alter product quality. Future research initiatives are necessary to determine specific effects of temperature fluctuation and lipid deposition characteristics in these systems.
Author: Gwang-Woong Go Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
We hypothesized that supplementation of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and arginine singly or in combination would increase animal performance and meat quality by decreasing adiposity and increasing lean mass in growing-finishing pigs. Sixteen pigs (80 kg) were assigned to four treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial design, differing in dietary fatty acid and amino acid composition [control: 2.05% alanine (isonitrogenous control) plus 1% canola oil (lipid control); CLA: 2.05% alanine + 1% CLA; arginine: 1% arginine + 1% canola oil; arginine + CLA: 1% arginine + 1 CLA]. Preliminary tests indicated that up to 2% arginine was acceptable without interfering with lysine absorption. Pigs were allowed to feed free choice until reaching 110 kg. There were no significant differences across treatments in feed intake, weight gain, or feed efficiency. CLA tended to decrease carcass length (P = 0.06), whereas backfat thickness tended to be greater in pigs supplemented with arginine (P = 0.08). Arginine decreased muscle pH at 45 min postmortem (P = 0.001) and tended to increase lightness of muscle at 24 h postmortem (P = 0.07). CLA supplementation increased the concentrations of trans-isomers of 18:1 (P = 0.001) and SFA (P = 0.01) in s.c. and r.p. adipose tissue. CLA supplementation increased palmitate incorporation into total lipids in longissimus muscle (P = 0.01). Glucose oxidation to CO2 in r.p. and s.c. adipose tissue were greater in pigs supplemented with CLA in the absence or presence of arginine (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively). The volume of s.c. adipocytes in s.c. and r.p. adipose tissues was greater in pigs supplemented with CLA, arginine, or CLA plus arginine than in control pigs (P = 0.001). Neither CLA nor arginine affected the expression of PGC-1[alpha], AMPK, mTOR, CPT-1A, FAS, or SCD (P> 0.05) in any tissues. We conclude that there was no significant interaction between arginine and CLA. Supplementary CLA or arginine to finishing-growing pigs did not modulate growth performance and did not reduce adiposity. CLA increased intramuscular fat content without deteriorating meat quality traits and increased saturated fatty acids and substrate oxidation in adipose tissues. In the presence of 1% of canola oil or CLA in the diet, arginine has the potential to deteriorate meat quality by reducing early postmortem pH and by increasing carcass fatness.
Author: Lee I. Chiba Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0813805341 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 508
Book Description
Finding sustainable means of swine nutrition is important to both pork industry personnel and the environment alike. This reference comprehensively covers the most recent advancements in sustainability that results in more efficient diets, thus reducing both production costs and waste. Chapters include information on alternative feedstuffs, feed additives, bioavailabity of nutrients, and management of wastes and odors. Written by internationally recognized experts in the field, Sustainable Swine Nutrition will be a valuable reference for those involved in all aspects of pork production. Comprehensively covers the most recent advancements in sustainability to promote reduced pork production costs and waste Covers recent topics such as alternative feedstuffs, feed additives, and bioavalability Discusses environmental topics such as waste and odor management Written by an international team of experts in the field
Author: United States. Cooperative State Research Service. Current Research Information System Publisher: ISBN: Category : Swine Languages : en Pages : 940
Author: Austin J. Lewis Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420041843 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 1030
Book Description
With 42 chapters authored by leading international experts, Swine Nutrition: Second Edition is a comprehensive reference that covers all aspects of the nutrition of pigs. Content includes characteristics of swine and the swine industry with emphasis on the gastrointestinal tract; various classes of nutrients, how these nutrients are metabolized by swine, and the factors affecting their utilization; the practical aspects of swine nutrition from birth through gestation, lactation in sows, and the feeding of adult boars; and nutritional aspects of the various feedstuffs commonly fed to swine. Rounding the book is coverage of various techniques used in swine nutrition research.
Author: John F. Patience Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9086867561 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Author: Brenda Sue Patton
Author: Brenda Sue Patton
Author: Gwang-Woong Go
Author: Lee I. Chiba
Author: United States. Cooperative State Research Service. Current Research Information System
Author: Austin J. Lewis
Author: John F. Patience
Author: 
Author: Iowa State University
Author: 
Author: National Research Council