The Effect of Oil on the Onset of Nucleate Pool Boiling of R-124 from a Single Horizontal Tube PDF Download
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Author: George D. Perry Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
An investigation on the effect of oil on the onset of nucleate pool boiling of R-124 from a single horizontal tube was conducted at saturation temperature of 2.2 deg C. Pure R-124 and R-124/oil mixtures of 3% and 10% (by weight) miscible alkylbenzene oil were used. The tubes tested were: (1) smooth tube, (2) 19 fins per inch and (3) 26 fins per inch low-integral finned (GEWA-K) tubes, and (4) porous-coated (HIGH FLUX) tube. The effect of dissolved gases, subcooling and pressure on the onset of nucleate boiling were also investigated. An oil concentration of 3% tends to delay the onset of nucleate pool boiling (compared to pure R-124) on the smooth tube and GEWA-K 19 fins per inch tube, but not on the GEWA-K 26 fins per inch and HIGH FLUX tubes. The reason for this is not known precisely but is very repeatable. A 10% oil concentration tends to delay the onset of nucleate pool boiling on all tubes tested. This is due mainly to the increase of surface tension, and saturation temperature with increase in oil concentration. The presence of dissolved gases in the pool tends to lower the onset of nucleate pool boiling by increasing the number of entrapped vapor nuclei. Pressurization and subcooling tend to increase the onset of nucleate pool boiling by deactivating potential nucleation sites.
Author: George D. Perry Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
An investigation on the effect of oil on the onset of nucleate pool boiling of R-124 from a single horizontal tube was conducted at saturation temperature of 2.2 deg C. Pure R-124 and R-124/oil mixtures of 3% and 10% (by weight) miscible alkylbenzene oil were used. The tubes tested were: (1) smooth tube, (2) 19 fins per inch and (3) 26 fins per inch low-integral finned (GEWA-K) tubes, and (4) porous-coated (HIGH FLUX) tube. The effect of dissolved gases, subcooling and pressure on the onset of nucleate boiling were also investigated. An oil concentration of 3% tends to delay the onset of nucleate pool boiling (compared to pure R-124) on the smooth tube and GEWA-K 19 fins per inch tube, but not on the GEWA-K 26 fins per inch and HIGH FLUX tubes. The reason for this is not known precisely but is very repeatable. A 10% oil concentration tends to delay the onset of nucleate pool boiling on all tubes tested. This is due mainly to the increase of surface tension, and saturation temperature with increase in oil concentration. The presence of dissolved gases in the pool tends to lower the onset of nucleate pool boiling by increasing the number of entrapped vapor nuclei. Pressurization and subcooling tend to increase the onset of nucleate pool boiling by deactivating potential nucleation sites.
Author: George D. Perry Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 147
Book Description
An investigation on the effect of oil on the onset of nucleate pool boiling of R-124 from a single horizontal tube was conducted at saturation temperature of 2.2 deg C. Pure R-124 and R-124/oil mixtures of 3% and 10% (by weight) miscible alkylbenzene oil were used. The tubes tested were: (1) smooth tube, (2) 19 fins per inch and (3) 26 fins per inch low-integral finned (GEWA-K) tubes, and (4) porous-coated (HIGH FLUX) tube. The effect of dissolved gases, subcooling and pressure on the onset of nucleate boiling were also investigated. An oil concentration of 3% tends to delay the onset of nucleate pool boiling (compared to pure R-124) on the smooth tube and GEWA-K 19 fins per inch tube, but not on the GEWA-K 26 fins per inch and HIGH FLUX tubes. The reason for this is not known precisely but is very repeatable. A 10% oil concentration tends to delay the onset of nucleate pool boiling on all tubes tested. This is due mainly to the increase of surface tension, and saturation temperature with increase in oil concentration. The presence of dissolved gases in the pool tends to lower the onset of nucleate pool boiling by increasing the number of entrapped vapor nuclei. Pressurization and subcooling tend to increase the onset of nucleate pool boiling by deactivating potential nucleation sites.
Author: Wade H. Shafer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461303931 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 427
Book Description
Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 39 (thesis year 1994) a total of 13,953 thesis titles from 21 Canadian and 159 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 39 reports theses submitted in 1994, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Author: Sade H Shafer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 440
Book Description
Cited in Sheehy, Chen, and Hurt . Volume 38 (thesis year 1993) reports a total of 13,787 thesis titles from 22 Canadian and 164 US universities. As in previous volumes, thesis titles are arranged by discipline and by university within each discipline. Any accredited university or college with a grad
Author: James T. Reilly Publisher: ISBN: Category : Heat Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
The U.S. Navy currently uses refrigerant R-114 in centrifugal chilled-water air-conditioning plants aboard submarines and surface ships. The Navy hopes to reduce the size of these units and increase their performance by using enhanced evaporator and condenser surfaces. The external nucleate pool-boiling heat-transfer coefficient of a horizontal smooth copper tube in R-114-oil mixtures (0 to 10 percent oil) was measured for heat fluxes from 1 to 100 kW/sq m at two different saturation temperatures ( -2.2 C and 6.7 C). A copper-nickel tube coated with the Union Carbide 'High Flux' coating was similiarly tested. The High Flux coating was found to improve the heat-transfer coefficient by at least a factor of 7 in oil-free R-114. Oil resulted in about 20 percent reduction of the heat transfer coefficient of the High Flux surface at heat fluxes less than 30 kW/sq m and up to an 80 percent reduction at heat fluxes above 30 kW/sq m with greater than 6 percent oil. Under all conditions, the High Flux coated tube outperformed the smooth copper tube. Keywords: Heat transfer enhancement; Porous-coating enhanced surfaces. (Theses).
Author: George D. Perry
Author: George D. Perry
Author: George D. Perry
Author: Wade H. Shafer
Author: Sade H Shafer
Author: George M. Bertsch
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Author: 
Author: James T. Reilly
Author: 
Author: Dean C. Sugiyama