Author: Jin Ping Qiu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267759856
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of filter face temperature on the measured primary particulate matter (PM) from light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs). In 2009, seventeen in-use LDGVs with model years of 2001 through 2009 and odometer readings of 12,000 to 502,000 miles were tested on a chassis dynamometer following the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) specified in the Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) for emissions sampling and measurement. During the testing, summer-time and winter-time California phase 3 reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) were used in the test vehicles. The FTP test cycle included a cold-start test and a hot-start test; gaseous and particulate mass emissions were collected by sampling bags and filters, respectively, at the transient phase of the cold-start test, stabilized phase of the cold-start test and transient phase of the hot-start test. Tailpipe particulate emissions were collected on Teflon filters, which were maintained at the CFR-specified standard temperature for FTP test cycle (i.e. CFR temperature) of 47±5°C, and alternatively, at an ambient cell temperature of 22±5°C (i.e. cell temperature). The average particulate mass and gaseous emission rates of the test vehicles were then determined according to the CFR-specified calculation procedures. The average particulate mass emission rate at the CFR and cell filter face temperature were 1.3±0.3 and 1.9±0.4 mg/mi, respectively. The average gaseous emission rate of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the tested LDGVs were 0.08 mg/mi, 1.47 mg/mi, and 0.13 mg/mi, respectively. Statistical hypothesis testing methods, such as the sign test, were used to establish whether there is an association between filter face temperature and measured particulate mass emission from the test vehicles. Based on the test data, the result of the hypotheses testing indicates that the particulate mass emissions sampled at a lower filter face temperature (i.e. cell temperature) were not significantly greater than those sampled at a higher filter face temperature (i.e. CFR temperature), at a 0.05 level of significance.
The Effect of Filter Face Temperature on Particulate Matter Exhaust Emission from Light-duty Gasoline Vehicles
Author: Jin Ping Qiu
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267759856
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of filter face temperature on the measured primary particulate matter (PM) from light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs). In 2009, seventeen in-use LDGVs with model years of 2001 through 2009 and odometer readings of 12,000 to 502,000 miles were tested on a chassis dynamometer following the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) specified in the Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) for emissions sampling and measurement. During the testing, summer-time and winter-time California phase 3 reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) were used in the test vehicles. The FTP test cycle included a cold-start test and a hot-start test; gaseous and particulate mass emissions were collected by sampling bags and filters, respectively, at the transient phase of the cold-start test, stabilized phase of the cold-start test and transient phase of the hot-start test. Tailpipe particulate emissions were collected on Teflon filters, which were maintained at the CFR-specified standard temperature for FTP test cycle (i.e. CFR temperature) of 47±5°C, and alternatively, at an ambient cell temperature of 22±5°C (i.e. cell temperature). The average particulate mass and gaseous emission rates of the test vehicles were then determined according to the CFR-specified calculation procedures. The average particulate mass emission rate at the CFR and cell filter face temperature were 1.3±0.3 and 1.9±0.4 mg/mi, respectively. The average gaseous emission rate of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the tested LDGVs were 0.08 mg/mi, 1.47 mg/mi, and 0.13 mg/mi, respectively. Statistical hypothesis testing methods, such as the sign test, were used to establish whether there is an association between filter face temperature and measured particulate mass emission from the test vehicles. Based on the test data, the result of the hypotheses testing indicates that the particulate mass emissions sampled at a lower filter face temperature (i.e. cell temperature) were not significantly greater than those sampled at a higher filter face temperature (i.e. CFR temperature), at a 0.05 level of significance.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781267759856
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of filter face temperature on the measured primary particulate matter (PM) from light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs). In 2009, seventeen in-use LDGVs with model years of 2001 through 2009 and odometer readings of 12,000 to 502,000 miles were tested on a chassis dynamometer following the Federal Test Procedure (FTP) specified in the Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) for emissions sampling and measurement. During the testing, summer-time and winter-time California phase 3 reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) were used in the test vehicles. The FTP test cycle included a cold-start test and a hot-start test; gaseous and particulate mass emissions were collected by sampling bags and filters, respectively, at the transient phase of the cold-start test, stabilized phase of the cold-start test and transient phase of the hot-start test. Tailpipe particulate emissions were collected on Teflon filters, which were maintained at the CFR-specified standard temperature for FTP test cycle (i.e. CFR temperature) of 47±5°C, and alternatively, at an ambient cell temperature of 22±5°C (i.e. cell temperature). The average particulate mass and gaseous emission rates of the test vehicles were then determined according to the CFR-specified calculation procedures. The average particulate mass emission rate at the CFR and cell filter face temperature were 1.3±0.3 and 1.9±0.4 mg/mi, respectively. The average gaseous emission rate of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) for the tested LDGVs were 0.08 mg/mi, 1.47 mg/mi, and 0.13 mg/mi, respectively. Statistical hypothesis testing methods, such as the sign test, were used to establish whether there is an association between filter face temperature and measured particulate mass emission from the test vehicles. Based on the test data, the result of the hypotheses testing indicates that the particulate mass emissions sampled at a lower filter face temperature (i.e. cell temperature) were not significantly greater than those sampled at a higher filter face temperature (i.e. CFR temperature), at a 0.05 level of significance.
Evaluation of Particulate Matter Emissions of Light-duty Gasoline Vehicles Operating in California
Effect of Particulate Matter and Exhaust Gas Composition on Diesel Particulate Filter Regenration
Particulate Matter Mass Measurement and Physical Characterization
The Effect of Driving Conditions and Ambient Temperature on Particulate Matter Emission Rates and Size Distributions from Light Duty Gasoline-electric Hybrid Vehicles
Author: Martha Christenson
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494269855
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 414
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494269855
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 414
Book Description
Impact of Lubricating Oil Condition on Exhaust Particulate Matter Emissions from Light Duty Vehicles
Author: Michael G. Christianson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
Book Description
Handbook of Thermal Management of Engines
Author: P. A. Lakshminarayanan
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811685703
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 562
Book Description
This handbook deals with the vast subject of thermal management of engines and vehicles by applying the state of the art research to diesel and natural gas engines. The contributions from global experts focus on management, generation, and retention of heat in after-treatment and exhaust systems for light-off of NOx, PM, and PN catalysts during cold start and city cycles as well as operation at ultralow temperatures. This book will be of great interest to those in academia and industry involved in the design and development of advanced diesel and CNG engines satisfying the current and future emission standards.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811685703
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 562
Book Description
This handbook deals with the vast subject of thermal management of engines and vehicles by applying the state of the art research to diesel and natural gas engines. The contributions from global experts focus on management, generation, and retention of heat in after-treatment and exhaust systems for light-off of NOx, PM, and PN catalysts during cold start and city cycles as well as operation at ultralow temperatures. This book will be of great interest to those in academia and industry involved in the design and development of advanced diesel and CNG engines satisfying the current and future emission standards.
Technical Literature Abstracts
Author: Society of Automotive Engineers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technical literature
Languages : en
Pages : 664
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technical literature
Languages : en
Pages : 664
Book Description
Impact of Ambient Temperature on Gaseous and Particle Emissions from a Direct Injection Gasoline Vehicle and Its Implications on Particle Filtration
Developing an Accelerated Aging System for Gasoline Particulate Filters and an Evaluation Test for Effects on Engine Performance
Author: James Eastman Jorgensen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 88
Book Description
Stringent regulations worldwide will limit the level of particulate matter (PM) emitted from gasoline engines equipped with direct fuel injection. Gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) present one strategy for meeting PM limits over the full operating range of the engine. Over time these filters accumulate incombustible ash, increasing system pressure drop and adversely effecting engine performance. The effect of aging as a result of ash accumulation is examined over the full lifetime of gasoline particulate filters, using a novel accelerated aging system. This system utilizes a gasoline combustion chamber into which lubricating oil is injected simulating combustion in the power cylinder - the primary source of lubricant-derived ash. Advanced imaging techniques are used to characterize filter and particulate emission behavior, and compare to prior data from diesel filters of the same type. Likewise, pressure drop behavior is observed for multiple filter samples and compared to prior experiments. A collocated Gasoline Direct Injection engine was installed for comparative purposes; a method of testing engine performance with GPF installations was developed and the engine was prepared and instrumented for future testing. This report details the construction and validation of the accelerated aging system, examination and comparison of results to those from prior experiments, and confirmation of principal assumptions used in developing the experimental test matrix. This study is one of a very few completed in a unique, emerging field of study, driven by new and extremely stringent emissions regulations around the globe. Practical testing here lays the foundation for future detailed research into the behavior and application of particulate filters to gasoline fueled engines in light duty passenger vehicles.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 88
Book Description
Stringent regulations worldwide will limit the level of particulate matter (PM) emitted from gasoline engines equipped with direct fuel injection. Gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) present one strategy for meeting PM limits over the full operating range of the engine. Over time these filters accumulate incombustible ash, increasing system pressure drop and adversely effecting engine performance. The effect of aging as a result of ash accumulation is examined over the full lifetime of gasoline particulate filters, using a novel accelerated aging system. This system utilizes a gasoline combustion chamber into which lubricating oil is injected simulating combustion in the power cylinder - the primary source of lubricant-derived ash. Advanced imaging techniques are used to characterize filter and particulate emission behavior, and compare to prior data from diesel filters of the same type. Likewise, pressure drop behavior is observed for multiple filter samples and compared to prior experiments. A collocated Gasoline Direct Injection engine was installed for comparative purposes; a method of testing engine performance with GPF installations was developed and the engine was prepared and instrumented for future testing. This report details the construction and validation of the accelerated aging system, examination and comparison of results to those from prior experiments, and confirmation of principal assumptions used in developing the experimental test matrix. This study is one of a very few completed in a unique, emerging field of study, driven by new and extremely stringent emissions regulations around the globe. Practical testing here lays the foundation for future detailed research into the behavior and application of particulate filters to gasoline fueled engines in light duty passenger vehicles.