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Author: Lance Lochner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Education and crime Languages : en Pages : 46
Book Description
This paper discusses the relationship between education and crime from an economic perspective, developing a human capital-based model that sheds light on key ways in which early childhood programs and policies that encourage schooling may affect both juvenile and adult crime. The paper first discusses evidence on the effects of educational attainment, school quality, and school enrollment on crime. Next, the paper discusses evidence on the crime reduction effects of preschool programs like Perry Preschool and Head Start, school-age programs that emphasize social and emotional development, and job training programs for low-skill adolescents and young adults. Finally, the paper concludes with a broad discussion of education policy and its potential role as a crime-fighting strategy.
Author: Lance Lochner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Education and crime Languages : en Pages : 46
Book Description
This paper discusses the relationship between education and crime from an economic perspective, developing a human capital-based model that sheds light on key ways in which early childhood programs and policies that encourage schooling may affect both juvenile and adult crime. The paper first discusses evidence on the effects of educational attainment, school quality, and school enrollment on crime. Next, the paper discusses evidence on the crime reduction effects of preschool programs like Perry Preschool and Head Start, school-age programs that emphasize social and emotional development, and job training programs for low-skill adolescents and young adults. Finally, the paper concludes with a broad discussion of education policy and its potential role as a crime-fighting strategy.
Author: Costas Meghir Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crime prevention Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The intergenerational transmission of human capital and the extent to which policy interventions can affect it is an issue of importance. Policies are often evaluated on either short term outcomes or just in terms of their effect on individuals directly targeted. If such policies shift outcomes across generations their benefits may be much larger than originally thought. We provide evidence on the intergenerational impact of policy by showing that educational reform in Sweden reduced crime rates of the targeted generation and their children by comparable amounts. We attribute these outcomes to improved family resources and to better parenting -- National Bureau of Economic Research web site.
Author: Costas Meghir Publisher: ISBN: Category : Economics Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
The intergenerational transmission of human capital and the extent to which policy interventions can affect it is an issue of importance. Policies are often evaluated on either short term outcomes or just in terms of their effect on individuals directly targeted. If such policies shift outcomes across generations their benefits may be much larger than originally thought. We provide evidence on the intergenerational impact of policy by showing that educational reform in Sweden reduced crime rates of the targeted generation and their children by comparable amounts. We attribute these outcomes to improved family resources and to better parenting.
Author: Steve Bradley Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0081026455 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 604
Book Description
The Economics of Education: A Comprehensive Overview, Second Edition, offers a comprehensive and current overview of the field of that is broadly accessible economists, researchers and students. This new edition revises the original 50 authoritative articles and adds Developed (US and European) and Developing Country perspectives, reflecting the differences in institutional structures that help to shape teacher labor markets and the effect of competition on student outcomes. Provides international perspectives that describe the origins of key subjects, their major issues and proponents, their landmark studies, and opportunities for future research Increases developing county perspectives and comparisons of cross-country institutions Requires no prior knowledge of the economics of education
Author: Jere R. Behrman Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 0472027360 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 275
Book Description
For decades, the primary argument in justifying education has been based on its direct economic effects. Yet education also provides "social benefits" for individuals and society at large, including a better way of taking care of ourselves, and consequently creating a better society to live in. Though it is difficult to quantify these social benefits, a more systematic analysis would improve our understanding of the full effects of education and provide a basis for considering related policies. The Office of Research of the United States Department of Education commissioned a series of papers on measuring these effects of education. Those papers, revised and updated, are collected here. Kenneth J. Arrow provides perspective on education and preference formation, and Jere R. Behrman considers general conceptual and measurement issues in assessing the social benefits of education and policies related to education. These issues are taken up by experts in four fields--health, parenting, the environment, and crime. Themes addressed include measurement issues regarding what we mean by education and its benefits; basic analytical issues in assessing the impact of education on these social benefits using behavioral data; and whether the social benefits of education justify public policy interventions. Jere R. Behrman is William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Economics, University of Pennsylvania. Nevzer G. Stacey is Senior Research Analyst, Office of Educational Research, U.S. Department of Education.
Author: Valinda Frost Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
Abstract of THE EFFECTS OF EDUCATIONAL POLICY ON CRIMINAL PEER ABUSE by Valinda Frost Known commonly as "bullying", criminal peer abuse is a serious problem in our schools and the most common form of violence in our society. Across the country researchers have found that 75% or more of all students suffer from some form of peer abuse. Children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, are left susceptible to criminal behavior without the protection of the criminal justice system even though sections of criminal, civil and education codes were specifically designed for students' protection. Further, enforcement of behavioral codes in public education is given with virtual autonomy to school district administrators by the California Education Code. Further, this study explores the workings of policies in the educational and legal systems concerning the protection of students' civil rights with regard to criminal peer abuse. Laws are designed and exist to protect children but are ineffective for victims of criminal peer abuse due to fragmented and equivocal political, educational, and legal systems as well as cultural and family systems that tolerate and promote violence.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309467136 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 409
Book Description
Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.
Author: Philip J. Cook Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 9780226115122 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Criminal justice expenditures have more than doubled since the 1980s, dramatically increasing costs to the public. With state and local revenue shortfalls resulting from the recent recession, the question of whether crime control can be accomplished either with fewer resources or by investing those resources in areas other than the criminal justice system is all the more relevant. Controlling Crime considers alternative ways to reduce crime that do not sacrifice public safety. Among the topics considered here are criminal justice system reform, social policy, and government policies affecting alcohol abuse, drugs, and private crime prevention. Particular attention is paid to the respective roles of both the private sector and government agencies. Through a broad conceptual framework and a careful review of the relevant literature, this volume provides insight into the important trends and patterns of some of the interventions that may be effective in reducing crime.
Author: Ruth T. Zaplin Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning ISBN: 9780763741150 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 648
Book Description
The number of female offenders in the United States is skyrocketing. Our "tough on crime" approach puts a female offender behind bars, but doesn't consider the factors eading to her incarceration. Female Offenders: Critical Perspectives and Effective Interventions, Second Edition proposes an alternative, one that truly addresses the needs of female offenders and the root issues connected to their maladaptive behaviors, trauma histories, and mental health problems. By focusing on these root issues, this text prepares future correctional managers and supervisors to rehabilitate and empower female offenders to reenter society in a meaningful and productive way.The Second Edition includes chapters written by experts in the field that discuss the diversity of issues facing female offenders in our culture from a variety of perspectives. Grounded in the relevant research and literature, this book blends theory with practice by presenting theories on the rehabilitation of female offenders alongside program models and effective strategies for reentry into society.
Author: Nancy A. Heitzeg Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA ISBN: Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 206
Book Description
This book offers a research and comparison-driven look at the school-to-prison pipeline, its racial dynamics, the connections to mass incarceration, and our flawed educational climate—and suggests practical remedies for change. How is racism perpetuated by the education system, particularly via the "school-to-prison pipeline?" How is the school to prison pipeline intrinsically connected to the larger context of the prison industrial complex as well as the extensive and ongoing criminalization of youth of color? This book uniquely describes the system of policies and practices that racialize criminalization by routing youth of color out of school and towards prison via the school-to-prison pipeline while simultaneously medicalizing white youth for comparable behaviors. This work is the first to consider and link all of the research and data from a sociological perspective, using this information to locate racism in our educational systems; describe the rise of the so-called prison industrial complex; spotlight the concomitant expansion of the "medical-industrial complex" as an alternative for controlling the white and well-off, both adult and juveniles; and explore the significance of media in furthering the white racial frame that typically views people of color as "criminals" as an automatic response. The author also examines the racial dynamics of the school to prison pipeline as documented by rates of suspension, expulsion, and referrals to legal systems and sheds light on the comparative dynamics of the related educational social control of white and middle-class youth in the larger context of society as a whole.
Author: Lance Lochner
Author: Lance Lochner
Author: Costas Meghir
Author: Costas Meghir
Author: Steve Bradley
Author: Jere R. Behrman
Author: Valinda Frost
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Philip J. Cook
Author: Ruth T. Zaplin
Author: Nancy A. Heitzeg