The Effect of a Diet and Exercise Intervention on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Postpartum Women PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Effect of a Diet and Exercise Intervention on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Postpartum Women PDF full book. Access full book title The Effect of a Diet and Exercise Intervention on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Postpartum Women by Elyse A. Shearer. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Elyse A. Shearer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Exercise for women Languages : en Pages : 147
Book Description
"Obesity among women is a public health problem in the United States. Pregnancy may be one of the causes of this, with 56% of women of childbearing age being overweight or obese. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention may increase a woman's risk of obesity and chronic disease later in life. Moderate calorie restriction and exercise interventions have been shown to reduce body weight and improve body composition during the postpartum period. While weight loss interventions have been successful, high attrition rates limit the widespread effectiveness of these interventions. Furthermore, there is a lack of research examining the effects of a weight loss program on cardiometabolic risk factors in this population. Therefore, the primary aim of the studies in this dissertation were: 1) To determine the effect of a diet and exercise intervention on weight, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors, 2) to improve lifestyle behaviors through improved diet quality and cardiovascular fitness, and 3) to describe the relationship between chronic inflammation and bone mineral density (BMD) in overweight and obese postpartum women. The first study concluded that a home-based diet and exercise program resulted in greater reductions in weight, waist circumference, sagittal diameter, and abdominal fat mass compared to a control group. Additionally, the intervention resulted in a significant improvement in cardiovascular fitness. The second study concluded that the intervention improved triglyceride concentrations, decreased insulin resistance, and improved metabolic syndrome risk factors. Finally, the third study concluded that the intervention resulted in less loss of BMD at the total body and hip and less loss of BMC at the hip, lumbar spine, and femoral neck after controlling for lactation status and weeks postpartum at baseline. Change in cardiovascular fitness was a predictor of change in total hip and femoral neck BMD, while change in inflammation was a predictor of change in total body BMD. These results suggest that a home-based, diet and exercise intervention is effective in improving body composition, cardiovascular fitness, and some cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese postpartum women. Additionally, moderate aerobic activity may attenuate bone loss during a weight loss program."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Author: Elyse A. Shearer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Exercise for women Languages : en Pages : 147
Book Description
"Obesity among women is a public health problem in the United States. Pregnancy may be one of the causes of this, with 56% of women of childbearing age being overweight or obese. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention may increase a woman's risk of obesity and chronic disease later in life. Moderate calorie restriction and exercise interventions have been shown to reduce body weight and improve body composition during the postpartum period. While weight loss interventions have been successful, high attrition rates limit the widespread effectiveness of these interventions. Furthermore, there is a lack of research examining the effects of a weight loss program on cardiometabolic risk factors in this population. Therefore, the primary aim of the studies in this dissertation were: 1) To determine the effect of a diet and exercise intervention on weight, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors, 2) to improve lifestyle behaviors through improved diet quality and cardiovascular fitness, and 3) to describe the relationship between chronic inflammation and bone mineral density (BMD) in overweight and obese postpartum women. The first study concluded that a home-based diet and exercise program resulted in greater reductions in weight, waist circumference, sagittal diameter, and abdominal fat mass compared to a control group. Additionally, the intervention resulted in a significant improvement in cardiovascular fitness. The second study concluded that the intervention improved triglyceride concentrations, decreased insulin resistance, and improved metabolic syndrome risk factors. Finally, the third study concluded that the intervention resulted in less loss of BMD at the total body and hip and less loss of BMC at the hip, lumbar spine, and femoral neck after controlling for lactation status and weeks postpartum at baseline. Change in cardiovascular fitness was a predictor of change in total hip and femoral neck BMD, while change in inflammation was a predictor of change in total body BMD. These results suggest that a home-based, diet and exercise intervention is effective in improving body composition, cardiovascular fitness, and some cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese postpartum women. Additionally, moderate aerobic activity may attenuate bone loss during a weight loss program."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.
Author: Robin Pickering Publisher: ISBN: 9780542658556 Category : Postnatal care Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
These results indicate the need to develop strategies to reduce barriers for postpartum women to participate in social support group exercise programs in order to demonstrate the true benefits of these programs.
Author: Sheri R. Colberg Publisher: American Diabetes Association ISBN: 158040507X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 554
Book Description
Physical movement has a positive effect on physical fitness, morbidity, and mortality in individuals with diabetes. Although exercise has long been considered a cornerstone of diabetes management, many health care providers fail to prescribe it. In addition, many fitness professionals may be unaware of the complexities of including physical activity in the management of diabetes. Giving patients or clients a full exercise prescription that take other chronic conditions commonly accompanying diabetes into account may be too time-consuming for or beyond the expertise of many health care and fitness professionals. The purpose of this book is to cover the recommended types and quantities of physical activities that can and should be undertaken by all individuals with any type of diabetes, along with precautions related to medication use and diabetes-related health complications. Medications used to control diabetes should augment lifestyle improvements like increased daily physical activity rather than replace them. Up until now, professional books with exercise information and prescriptions were not timely or interactive enough to easily provide busy professionals with access to the latest recommendations for each unique patient. However, simply instructing patients to “exercise more” is frequently not motivating or informative enough to get them regularly or safely active. This book is changing all that with its up-to-date and easy-to-prescribe exercise and physical activity recommendations and relevant case studies. Read and learn to quickly prescribe effective and appropriate exercise to everyone.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Body weight Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as increased body fat, dyslipidemia, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are intensified in postmenopausal women. CRP has been reported as an independent indicator of risk for cardiovascular events. CRP is affected by multiple factors such as age, race, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity level. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of an exercise intervention on traditional (BMI, percent body fat, waist circumference, physical activity level) and non-traditional (CRP) risk factors for cardiovascular disease to a dietary intervention program in sedentary, postmenopausal women. Twenty apparently healthy postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to a diet intervention group (DI) or an exercise intervention group (EXI) for a period of 9 weeks. DI participants reported once a week for a body weight measurement and EXI participants were asked to attend 3 exercise sessions per week that were 45-55 minute sessions (cardiovascular and resistance training exercises). There were no significant effects of time or treatment intervention, or a time x treatment interaction on CRP levels (p=0.077, p
Author: Joseph Abdulnour Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Menopause transition is a natural process in a woman's life associated with altered body fat distribution, increased cardiometabolic risk, and the presentation of vasomotor symptoms including hot flashes and night sweats. A 5-year observational, longitudinal study (MONET: Montreal Ottawa New Emerging Team), was performed to document the effect of menopause transition on body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors. Initially, the study included 102 healthy non-obese premenopausal women between the age of 47 and 55 years. By the end of year 5, 91 women completed the study, 4% were still premenopausal, 29% were perimenopausal and 67% became postmenopausal. The major finding of the first study was that the increases in body fat mass and visceral fat in our cohort of non-obese women followed through the menopause transition were independent of the increase in body weight. Furthermore, these changes in body composition and body fat distribution were not associated with cardiometabolic deteriorations. We further examined whether specific factors such as reporting vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes and/or night sweats), exaggerated exercise systolic blood pressure, physical activity levels and cardiorespiratory fitness, may be associated with adiposity, body fat distribution and cardiometabolic profile. Overall, women that experienced vasomotor symptoms (paper 2) or presented an exaggerated exercise systolic blood pressure (paper 3), did not present any alterations in their body composition, body fat distribution and cardiometabolic profile compared to asymptomatic women and participants with normal blood pressure response to exercise, respectively. Furthermore, exaggerated exercise systolic blood pressure was not predictive of future hypertension after a 5-year follow-up throughout menopause transition. On the other hand, total volume of physical activity was not linked with measures of a cardiometabolic profile, cardiorespiratory fitness appeared to have the greatest cardioprotective effect (paper 4). Therefore, in generally healthy physically active non-obese premenopausal women, the menopause transition does not generally alter cardiometabolic risk factors, and suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness may have greater cardiometabolic protective effects in this cohort.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309131138 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 868
Book Description
As women of childbearing age have become heavier, the trade-off between maternal and child health created by variation in gestational weight gain has become more difficult to reconcile. Weight Gain During Pregnancy responds to the need for a reexamination of the 1990 Institute of Medicine guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy. It builds on the conceptual framework that underscored the 1990 weight gain guidelines and addresses the need to update them through a comprehensive review of the literature and independent analyses of existing databases. The book explores relationships between weight gain during pregnancy and a variety of factors (e.g., the mother's weight and height before pregnancy) and places this in the context of the health of the infant and the mother, presenting specific, updated target ranges for weight gain during pregnancy and guidelines for proper measurement. New features of this book include a specific range of recommended gain for obese women. Weight Gain During Pregnancy is intended to assist practitioners who care for women of childbearing age, policy makers, educators, researchers, and the pregnant women themselves to understand the role of gestational weight gain and to provide them with the tools needed to promote optimal pregnancy outcomes.
Author: Melanie Joy Bopp Publisher: ISBN: Category : Breast milk Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
"Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are essential for infant growth and development, and amounts in breast milk depend on maternal diet and body stores. Because exercise increases mobilization and utilization of fatty acids, maternal activity may also influence the amount of LCPUFA in breast milk. In addition, exercise has been shown to improve bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. During lactation, bone turnover is elevated to provide calcium for breast milk. This results in decreased BMD. Therefore, the purpose of these studies was to: 1) investigate the effects of diet and exercise on fatty acid concentrations in maternal plasma and breast milk, and 2) determine the effects of a specific resistance and aerobic training program and dietary intake on BMD and bone turnover during lactation. In the first study, LCPUFA in plasma and breast milk were measured at 12 weeks postpartum in exercising and sedentary women. Dietary intake was recorded for three days. A subsample of women participated in exercise and rest sessions to examine the acute effects of exercise on breast milk LCPUFA. In the second study, whole body, lumbar spine (LS) and hip BMD and bone mineral content (BMC), and bone turnover markers were measured before and after a 16-wk intervention in breastfeeding women who either participated in a specific resistance and aerobic training program or were sedentary. Dietary intake and body composition were also assessed in all women. In the first study, there were no differences in essential fatty acid intake between the two groups. Intake of linoleic acid (LA) was 11.05 " 1.39 and 9.34 " 0.97 and α-linolenic (LNA) was 0.96 " 0.12 and 0.82 " 0.09 grams/day for the sedentary and exercise groups, respectively. No differences were found in LCPUFA in plasma and breast milk between groups. After 30 minutes of exercise, there was a trend for an increase in LA and LNA. In the second study, exercising women lost significantly less LS BMD and LS BMC (p
Author: Parvin Abedi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 538
Book Description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major complications in menopausal women internationally. CVD, including heart diseases and stroke, are the leading causes of death, and is now a leading cause of death and disability in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diet and exercise educational intervention on improving cardiovascular risk factors among postmenopausal Iranian women. This study started on June 2007 and was completed on May 2008. The study was carried out with participants recruited in a Health clinic in Ahvaz Iran. A total of 136 postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to four groups namely; exercise (38), diet (35), diet+ exercise (34) and control groups (29). The anthropometric, biochemical, health beliefs, physical activity and dietary intake of participants were measured at baseline and after six months. Over the six months intervention period, the three intervention groups received a multi-component educational consisting of one face-to-face education, three lecture discussion sessions and group counseling sessions (every week in the first month). They were also received three booklets about menopause, CVD, healthy diet and exercise with emphasis on components of Health Belief Model (HBM), monthly telephone reminders (each month after the first month) and individual counseling midway at the 3rd month. The control group received booklets only. Baseline and 6th month assessments were conducted by using the same questionnaires (interview-administered format). After six months intervention there was a significant positive change (P
Author: Elyse A. Shearer
Author: Elyse A. Shearer
Author: Michele Dell Pruett
Author: Robin Pickering
Author: Sheri R. Colberg
Author: 
Author: Joseph Abdulnour
Author: National Research Council
Author: Melanie Joy Bopp
Author: Parvin Abedi
Author: Chelsea Lee Smith