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Author: Rocío Suárez Jiménez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aquatic ecology Languages : en Pages : 189
Book Description
Finally, field studies revealed that U. pinnatifida provides a comparable habitat to the also morphologically simple macroalgae Xiphophora gladiata and Marginariella spp., but hosts only 1/4 of the density of invertebrates compared to morphologically complex species such as Carpophyllum spp., Cystophora spp. and Sargassum sinclarii. The findings reveal that the role of U. pinnatifida as a habitat and food for the native fauna varies across ecosystems and among invertebrate species but is was generally similar to some of the native macroalgae it was compared to. This work has also demonstrated that knowledge of traits specific to faunal species (i.e. trophic position, habitat use, etc.) and macroalgae (i.e. chemistry, biomechanics, morphology, etc.) need to be considered when predicting the effects of invasive species.
Author: Rocío Suárez Jiménez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aquatic ecology Languages : en Pages : 189
Book Description
Finally, field studies revealed that U. pinnatifida provides a comparable habitat to the also morphologically simple macroalgae Xiphophora gladiata and Marginariella spp., but hosts only 1/4 of the density of invertebrates compared to morphologically complex species such as Carpophyllum spp., Cystophora spp. and Sargassum sinclarii. The findings reveal that the role of U. pinnatifida as a habitat and food for the native fauna varies across ecosystems and among invertebrate species but is was generally similar to some of the native macroalgae it was compared to. This work has also demonstrated that knowledge of traits specific to faunal species (i.e. trophic position, habitat use, etc.) and macroalgae (i.e. chemistry, biomechanics, morphology, etc.) need to be considered when predicting the effects of invasive species.
Author: Kate James Publisher: ISBN: Category : Invasive plants Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
Macroalgal invasions can change the structure and function of benthic habitat, dominating space, altering primary productivity, nutrient cycles, and community composition. This is a serious concern for receiving environments. A major determinant of the geographic distribution of macroalgal species is water temperature. Investigating the population ecology, genetic variation and factors controlling the density and spread of invasive macroalgae towards the extent of their thermal distribution limits can therefore provide important insights into the potential range and ecological impacts both now and with future climate change. The kelp Undaria pinnatifida is a prolific and cosmopolitan invasive species. Undaria has invaded countries around the world across a variety of temperature regimes. Undaria displays a variable phenology at introduced locations; it is a winter annual in its native range, but sporophyte presence can vary from annual to year-round across its invasive range. Information is lacking on how Undaria phenology and impacts manifest under warm-temperate conditions. This work studies Undaria in northern New Zealand, one of the warmest-water populations in the world. I investigated how water temperature influenced the phenology and distribution of Undaria. In addition I examined some attributes of the invasion process for warm-water populations; I looked at the role mussel aquaculture plays in influencing the spread of Undaria to native habitats, how disturbance might facilitate the spread of Undaria to subtidal reefs, and the genetic composition of populations in northern New Zealand. Monitoring over three growth seasons revealed how Undaria in northern New Zealand displayed an annual growth cycle. Recruitment occurred when temperatures dropped below ~15 oC and density was minimal at temperatures above 20 oC. Sporophyte size and growth rates were comparable to those of cooler water populations but the seasonal cycle was compressed into a shorter timeframe. Undaria was found to proliferate on mussel farms and low numbers were found on reefs adjacent to farms, in shallow habitats lacking native macroalgal canopies. Undaria was rare in deeper habitats dominated by native macroalgal canopies, experimental canopy removal did not facilitate the spread of Undaria into these habitats at the site examined. This suggests that native canopy-forming species are not the sole factor prohibiting the invasion of Undaria to subtidal reef sites in this region. Genetic analysis of Undaria from all known populations in the North Island revealed very low genetic diversity in northern New Zealand. The presence of a single haplotype in northeastern New Zealand may indicate a particularly warm-tolerant strain and suggests thermal preadaptation may influence invasion success. An investigation into the global distribution and associated phenology of Undaria, and how this related to water temperature regimes, demonstrated how Undaria only occurred where winter temperatures dropped below ~15 oC and that persistent year-round populations were only present at sites where summer temperatures did not exceed 20 oC. This analysis also revealed that there are extensive areas of the world where Undaria does not occur that have temperature regimes suitable for Undaria colonisation. Such areas are potentially at risk from future invasion based on current temperature regimes. These thermal limits for Undaria indicate that populations in northern New Zealand are towards the limit of its distribution, with winter temperatures close to 15 oC, Undaria is unable to withstand warmer winter temperatures. Ocean warming is likely to restrict the potential geographic distribution of Undaria, particularly where winter temperatures exceed 15 oC. Increases in summer temperatures, which prolong the period during the year when temperatures exceed 20 oC, will reduce the annual persistence of Undaria. A limited annual presence of sporophytes at warmer locations may reduce the ecological impacts of Undaria invasion as compared to cooler water locations where sporophytes persist for a longer portion of the year.
Author: Craig Johnson Publisher: Walter de Gruyter ISBN: 3110211343 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 153
Book Description
In recognising an urgent need to move beyond case studies and develop a conceptual synthesis, the scope of this volume is broad, covering the principal elements of both the invasion process and human responses to seaweed invasions. This includes addressing legal frameworks for regulatory control, practical means to track and respond to invasive seaweeds in the field, as well as the ecology of invasions. The result is both a valuable multidisciplinary synthesis of work to date, and a pointer to future challenges and priorities.
Author: Gil Rilov Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 354079235X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 642
Book Description
Biological invasions are considered to be one of the greatest threats to the integrity of most ecosystems on earth. This volume explores the current state of marine bioinvasions, which have been growing at an exponential rate over recent decades. Focusing on the ecological aspects of biological invasions, it elucidates the different stages of an invasion process, starting with uptake and transport, through inoculation, establishment and finally integration into new ecosystems. Basic ecological concepts - all in the context of bioinvasions - are covered, such as propagule pressure, species interactions, phenotypic plasticity, and the importance of biodiversity. The authors approach bioinvasions as hazards to the integrity of natural communities, but also as a tool for better understanding fundamental ecological processes. Important aspects of managing marine bioinvasions are also discussed, as are many informative case studies from around the world.
Author: Zi-Min Hu Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9401775346 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
The book provides an overview of research on the remarkable diversity, adaptive genetic differentiation, and evolutionary complexity of intertidal macroalgae species. Through incorporating molecular data, ecological niche and model-based phylogeographic inference, this book presents the latest findings and hypotheses on the spatial distribution and evolution of seaweeds in the context of historical climate change (e.g. the Quaternary ice ages), contemporary global warming, and increased anthropogenic influences. The chapters in this book highlight past and current research on seaweed phylogeography and predict the future trends and directions. This book frames a number of research cases to review how biogeographic processes and interactive eco-genetic dynamics shaped the demographic histories of seaweeds, which furthermore enhances our understanding of speciation and diversification in the sea. Dr. Zi-Min Hu is an associate professor at Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China. Dr. Ceridwen Fraser is a senior lecturer at Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Author: Stephen J. Hawkins Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 110841608X Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 535
Book Description
A comprehensive account of how abiotic and biotic interactions shape patterns of coastal marine biodiversity and ecosystem processes globally.
Author: Rocío Suárez Jiménez
Author: Rocío Suárez Jiménez
Author: Graham Epstein
Author: Kate James
Author: Inger Wallentinus
Author: Craig Johnson
Author: Gil Rilov
Author: Daniel Simberloff
Author: Zi-Min Hu
Author: Stephen J. Hawkins
Author: Merle Bollen