The Development of a Complete Refrigerant Management System for Heavy Duty Vehicle Air Conditioning Applications PDF Download

Author: Gary P. Hansen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 8

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Author: Society of Automotive Engineers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technical literature
Languages : en
Pages : 334

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Author: Philip G Gott
Publisher: SAE International
ISBN: 0768068479
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Book Description
Packed with information on the servicing and retrofitting of air-conditioning refrigerant systems so that shops and technicians can meet federal regulations, satisfy customers, and prevent damage to the environment. The second edition of the Automotive Air-Conditioning Refrigerant Service Guide was written to provide the latest information to automotive air-conditioning service professionals in order to help them comply with federal certification requirements and prevent damage to the environment. With an emphasis on proper recovery and recycling techniques for both R-12 and R-134a, as well as the proper retrofitting of R-12 systems to R-134a, the book will serve as a valuable instructional tool and resource for technicians. Chapters cover: General Safety and Service Precautions; Refrigerant and System Properties; Equipment for the Extraction-only of Refrigerant and Equipment for the Recycling of Refrigerant; Service Procedure for the Containment of Automotive Air-Conditioning Refrigerants; Retrofitting CFC-12 (R-12) Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems to HFC-134a (R-134a).

Author: Billy C. Langley
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 184

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Book Description
This new text prepares HVAC students and technicians for EPA certification in the handling and disposal of chlorofluorcarbons (CFCs), providing information on all areas of certification, including the four licensing areas for stationary air conditioning and refrigeration equipment and automotive equipment. Table of Contents: Basic Theory of Ozone Depletion CFCs: Their Problems and Alternatives Refrigerant Regulations Refrigerant Conservation Refrigerant Recovery, Recycle and Reclaim Methods of Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Commercial Stationary Air Conditioning and Refrigerant Systems Residential Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning Service Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Systems

Author: Interior Climate Control Steering Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This SAE Standard applies to refrigerant vapor compression systems that provide cooling and/or heating for passenger cars, light trucks and commercial vehicles (on and off road) that use automotive type mobile air conditioning [MAC] systems. Large trucks, buses and other vehicles that do not use typical automotive a/c systems or use refrigerants not listed in this document are not covered by this standard. This standard covers any vehicle with a MAC system using a belt or electric motor driven compressor. This document provides standards for design, assembly, test and service of MAC systems to minimize environmental, health and safety impacts. Also included are cautionary statements for the service industry to alert technicians to the inadvisability and possible health or safety effects associated with venting refrigerant during service. It is not intended to restrict the use, or further development, of other types of refrigeration systems for mobile air conditioning applications. This document may be amended or additional safety standards created should other systems become practical. This document addresses only HFC-134a (R-134a), carbon dioxide (R-744), and HFO-1234yf (R-1234yf) refrigerants. To prevent system contamination all refrigerants used in mobile air conditioning vapor compression systems require unique service fittings and service equipment. The unique service fittings are intended to eliminate the potential for system refrigerant cross-contamination during service activity. CFC-12 (R-12) is no longer in use in new MAC systems. The service fitting description is maintained as a reference for older vehicles still in use. When retrofitting an R-12 system to use R-134a or when removing R-12 (vehicle disposal) use service equipment designed for R-12 and certified to meet the requirements of SAE J1990 (R-12 recovery and recycle equipment). HFC-152a is an A2 flammable refrigerant as classified by ASHRAE 34 and should be used only with a secondary loop application. However, until MAC systems are developed to use R-152a (HFC-152a), no SAE Standards for system design, service equipment or service procedures have been established. The R-152a service fittings described within this Standard were established as part of the industries evaluation of replacement refrigerants and are maintained for future design guidance and to prevent potential refrigerant cross contamination.

Author: Interior Climate Control Vehicle OEM Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This SAE Standard applies to refrigerant vapor compression systems that provide cooling and/or heating for passenger cars, light trucks, and commercial vehicles (on and off road) that use automotive type mobile air conditioning (MAC) systems. Large trucks, buses, and other vehicles that do not use typical automotive A/C systems or use refrigerants not listed in this document are not covered by this standard. This standard covers vehicles with MAC systems using belt driven compressors and electric motor driven compressors.This document provides industry-recognized standards for the design, assembly, and test of MAC systems, including necessary service equipment, and is intended to cover all phases of the lifetime of MAC systems to minimize environmental, health, and safety impacts. The standards listed in this document cover the currently accepted industry guidelines and procedures. The standards can be used as requirements for regulatory authorities to meet minimum environmental, health, and safety requirements. Also included are cautionary statements for the service industry to alert technicians to the inadvisability and possible health or safety effects associated with venting refrigerant during service. It is not intended to restrict the use, or further development of, other types of refrigerants or refrigeration systems for MAC applications. This document may be amended, or additional safety standards created, should other refrigerants or refrigeration systems become practical. This document addresses only HFC-134a (R-134a), carbon dioxide (R-744), HFO-1234yf (R-1234yf), and HFC-152a (R-152a) refrigerants. For R-152a refrigerants, this standard will only apply to secondary loop systems. To prevent system contamination, all refrigerants used in MAC vapor compression systems require unique service fittings and service equipment. The unique service fittings are intended to significantly reduce the potential for refrigerant cross-contamination during service activities.CFC-12 (R-12) is no longer in use in new MAC systems. The service fitting description is maintained as a reference for older vehicles still in use. When retrofitting an R-12 system to use R-134a or when removing R-12 (during vehicle disposal), use service equipment designed for R-12 and certified to meet the requirements of SAE J1990 (R-12 recovery and recycle equipment). This document covers refrigerant system design and safety related requirements for refrigerants used in mobile air conditioning (MAC) systems and is being updated for the addition of a secondary loop R-152a system and general improvements for example and clarity. The intent of this standard is to ensure safe MAC systems by forcing proper risk assessments and appropriate design solutions.

Author: Ibrahim Dinçer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119956706
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 467

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Book Description
Refrigeration Systems and Applications, 2nd edition offers a comprehensive treatise that addresses real-life technical and operational problems, enabling the reader to gain an understanding of the fundamental principles and the practical applications of refrigeration technology. New and unique analysis techniques (including exergy as a potential tool), models, correlations, procedures and applications are covered, and recent developments in the field are included - many of which are taken from the author's own research activities in this area. The book also includes some discussion of global warming issues and its potential solutions. Enables the reader to gain an understanding of the fundamental principles and the practical applications of refrigeration technologies. Discusses crucial industrial technical and operational problems, as well as new performance improvement techniques and tools for better design and analysis. Includes fundamental aspects of thermodynamics, fluid flow, and heat transfer; refrigerants; refrigeration cycles and systems; advanced refrigeration cycles and systems, including some novel applications; heat pumps; heat pipes; and many more. Provides easy to follow explanations, numerous new chapter-end problems and worked-out examples as learning aids for students and instructors. Refrigeration is extensively used in a variety of thermal engineering applications ranging from the cooling of electronic devices to food cooling processes. Its wide-ranging implications and applications mean that this industry plays a key role in national and international economies, and it continues to be an area of active research and development. Refrigeration Systems and Applications, 2nd edition forms a useful reference source for graduate and postgraduate students and researchers in academia and as well as practicing engineers working in this important field who are interested in refrigeration systems and applications and the methods and analysis tools for their analysis, design and performance improvement.

Author: Steven Daly
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780080470917
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 432

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Book Description
Automotive Air-conditioning and Climate Control Systems is a complete text and reference on the theoretical, practical and legislative aspects of vehicle climate control systems for automotive engineering students and service professionals. It provides the reader with a thorough up-to-date knowledge of current A/C systems, refrigerants and the new possible replacement systems like CO2, and includes unrivalled coverage of electronic and electrical control. Filling the gap in the automotive engineering and servicing market for students and those training on the job, this book will help both newcomers and those with more experience of air-conditioning systems maintenance engineering to keep up with the latest developments and legislation. Detailed coverage of European and US vehicle HVAC systems Thorough explanation of current and future systems including CO2 Meets relevant C&G, IMI, and HND vocational and professional qualifications IMI recommended reading material Includes practical cases studies and examples from design and manufacturing companies including Ford, Vauxhall, Toyota, VW, Visteon, Sanden and others, accompanied by over 300 detailed illustrations and photographs

Author: David Wylie
Publisher: Prentice Hall
ISBN: 9780132687157
Category : Refrigerants
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Here is your complete answer book covering the new refrigerants and associated technologies currently being used to achieve CFC-related regulatory compliance in air conditioning and refrigeration systems. Emphasizing practical issues, the author covers impact of refrigerant replacement on chiller efficiencies, current technology options including upgrading versus replacement, refrigerant supply and demand considerations, and the best strategies for handling an EPA audit. In addition, guidelines are presented for establishing a refrigerant management program and for monitoring its effectiveness. Several case studies illustrate successfully implemented programs.

Author: Mouafak A. Zaher
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781493777921
Category : Air conditioning
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
The use of refrigeration, either directly or as part of an air-conditioning system, is essential to almost every branch of industry. A complete up-to-date guide to refrigeration and Air-conditioning is fully endorsed to cover the latest techniques, tools, refrigerants, and equipment. The book provides a thorough introduction to the basic principles and practices of refrigeration and air-conditioning industry. Step-by-step instructions, along with vivid figures, demonstrate efficient and current methods for choosing, installing, maintaining, servicing, and repair today's cooling and climate control systems. Figures and diagrams were specially prepared in order to illustrate key ideas, relevant concepts and explain general types of components. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles and practice of refrigeration and air-conditioning and is designed to serve many purposes: It can be used for undergraduate courses, graduate courses, intensive short courses, in-put training, self-study, and as a useful reference text for engineers and maintenance personnel. The text help engineering students develop an intuitive understanding of refrigeration and air-conditioning by emphasizing the physics. The book comprises ten chapters covering various fundamental physical concepts, with a separate section on SI units, and provides tools which can be used to answer directly practical problems. It also provides information about different components within the refrigeration and air-conditioning systems and their application in food processing, aircraft and automotive systems. Application of solar powered refrigeration and air-conditioning with new trends using High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) is also included. Reference to refrigeration and air-conditioning engineering services include testing methods and equipment, start-up, troubleshooting and safety. The book aims to be simple as is compatible with a reasonable complete treatment of the subject. It is not the intent of this book to present a complete literature survey. Some pertinent literature and reference books are listed so the reader can pursue topics in more depth, if he/she so desires. If this book results in the better education of many more people in the field of refrigeration and air-conditioning, particularly the young people in colleges / universities and in a greater awareness of the cost as well as of the means for successful application, this book will have served its major purpose.