The American Interest in the Cretan Revolution, 1866-69 PDF Download

Author: Emmanuel E. Marcoglou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crete (Greece)
Languages : en
Pages : 154

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Author: James J. Reid
Publisher: Franz Steiner Verlag
ISBN: 9783515076876
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 528

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This work focuses upon the military problems of the Ottoman Empire in the era 1839 to 1878. The author examines the Crimean War (1853 to 1856) from the perspective of the Ottoman army, using British and French sources, as well as the few available Ottoman materials. Scholarship on the war has ignored this aspect, but the high quality of work about the British, French, and Russian involvement in the war has enabled the present study to advance its own work. The inability of the Ottoman high command to learn the lessons of the Crimean War led to serious defeats in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. Revolts occurring in this period also receive attention. While the book analyzes the nature of war in the Balkans and Anatolia, its primary objective is the study of the war's social and psychological influences. This perspective runs as a theme throughout the book, but the author focuses on the psychological aspects in the final chapter using comparative perspectives. .

Author: Stanford J. Shaw
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521291668
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 548

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Book Description
This is the second book of the two-volume History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey.

Author: Brian Jenkins
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN: 0773596364
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 696

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The British ambassador in Washington during the US Civil War and ambassador in Paris before and after the Franco-Prussian war, Lord Lyons (1817-1887) was one of the most important diplomats of the Victorian period. Although frequently featured in histories of the United States and Europe in the second half of the nineteenth century, and in discussions and analyses of British foreign policy, he has remained an ill-defined figure. In Lord Lyons: A Diplomat in an Age of Nationalism and War, Brian Jenkins explains the man and examines his career. Based on a staggering study of primary sources, he presents a convincing portrait of a subject who rarely revealed himself personally. Though he avoided publicity, Lyons came to be regarded as his nation's premier diplomat as his career took him to the heart of the great international issues and crises of his generation. As minister to the United States he played a vital role in preserving Anglo-American peace and was a powerful voice opposing Anglo-French intervention in the Civil War. While ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, he helped to prevent French control of the Suez Canal then under construction. In France, he maintained an amiable and constructive relationship with a bitter nation struggling to reorganize itself and its constitution after the Franco-Prussian War. For many historians Lord Lyons has been difficult to ignore but hard to admire. In rescuing him as a truly important historical figure, Jenkins details for the first time the personal and public strategies Lyons employed through decades of exemplary diplomatic service on both sides of the Atlantic.

Author: Johanna Chovanec
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030551997
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 421

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This book examines the role of imperial narratives of multinationalism as alternative ideologies to nationalism in Central and Eastern Europe, the Balkans, and the Middle East from the revolutions of 1848 up to the defeat and subsequent downfall of the Habsburg and Ottoman empires in 1918. During this period, both empires struggled against a rising tide of nationalism to legitimise their own diversity of ethnicities, languages and religions. Contributors scrutinise the various narratives of identity that they developed, supported, encouraged or unwittingly created and left behind for posterity as they tried to keep up with the changing political realities of modernity. Beyond simplified notions of enforced harmony or dynamic dissonance, this book aims at a more polyphonic analysis of the various voices of Habsburg and Ottoman multinationalism: from the imperial centres and in the closest proximity to sovereigns, to provinces and minorities, among intellectuals and state servants, through novels and newspapers. Combining insights from history, literary studies and political sciences, it further explores the lasting legacy of the empires in post-imperial narratives of loss, nostalgia, hope and redemption. It shows why the two dynasties keep haunting the twenty-first century with fears and promises of conflict, coexistence, and reborn greatness.

Author: Banu Turnaoğlu
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691210136
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 318

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Book Description
Turkish republicanism is commonly thought to have originated with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the founding of modern Turkey in 1923, and understood exclusively in terms of Kemalist ideals, characterized by the principles of secularism, nationalism, statism, and populism. Banu Turnaoğlu challenges this view, showing how Turkish republicanism represents the outcome of centuries of intellectual dispute in Turkey over Islamic and liberal conceptions of republicanism, culminating in the victory of Kemalism in the republic's formative period. Drawing on a wealth of rare archival material, Turnaoğlu presents the first complete history of republican thinking in Turkey from the birth of the Ottoman state to the founding of the modern republic. She shows how the Kemalists wrote Turkish history from their own perspective, presenting their own version of republicanism as inevitable while disregarding the contributions of competing visions. Turnaoğlu demonstrates how republicanism has roots outside the Western political experience, broadening our understanding of intellectual history. She reveals how the current crises in Turkish politics—including the Kurdish Question, democratic instability, the rise of radical Islam, and right-wing Turkish nationalism—arise from intellectual tensions left unresolved by Kemalist ideology. A breathtaking work of scholarship, The Formation of Turkish Republicanism offers a strikingly new narrative of the evolution and shaping of modern Turkey.

Author: David Ernest Roessel
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195143868
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 408

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In Bryon's Shadow draws on a wide range of sources to create a model for literary history that synthesizes literary investigation and cultural studies to develop a fuller understanding of the historical forces influencing the Anglo-American conception of modern Greece."--Jacket.

Author: Emine O. Evered
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 0857721860
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 356

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Book Description
Once hailed as 'the eternal state', the Ottoman Empire was in decline by the end of the nineteenth century, finally collapsing under the pressures of World War I. Yet its legacies are still apparent, and few have had more impact than those of its schools and educational policies. "Empire and Education under the Ottomans" analyses the Empire's educational politics from the mid-nineteenth century, amidst the Tanzimat reform period, until "The Young Turk Revolution in 1908". Through a focus on the regional impact of decrees from Istanbul, Emine O. Evered unravels the complexities of the era, demonstrating how educational changes devised to strengthen the Empire actually hastened its demise. This book is the first history of education in the Ottoman Middle East to evaluate policies in the context of local responses and resistance, and includes the first published English translation of the watershed 1869 Ottoman Education Law. A stimulating and impressively-researched study, it represents an important new addition to the historiography of the Ottoman Empire and will be essential for those researching its lasting legacy.

Author: Panagiotis E. Petrakis
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030472108
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 313

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Book Description
This book assesses the current state of the Greek economy and detects its development and growth prospects up to 2030. The analysis begins with 19th century Greece, addressing the repeated defaults that led to the formation of a dependent state, and the failed modernizing attempts. Then the book addresses current geostrategic dimensions as well as the current structure of institutions and culture in Greece. The second part presents the evolution of sustainability, governance, and inclusivity, as well as the evolution of culture in Greek society and insights into the production prototype. The third part of the book looks forward to what lays ahead for Greece up to 2030. It presents the theoretical background for two scenarios: the normal scenario (business as usual, including the effects of the recent Covid-19 pandemic) and the optimal scenario (a pro-growth scenario including increases of Total Factor Productivity through structural reforms). In presenting these scenarios, the book discusses issues ranging from a comparative analysis between Greece and the Eurozone, the developments in output gap and potential output, public debt, competitiveness, basic macroeconomic variables, a detailed analysis on investments, and inclusive growth.

Author: †mit Kurt
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674247949
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 401

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A TurkÕs discovery that Armenians once thrived in his hometown leads to a groundbreaking investigation into the local dynamics of genocide. †mit Kurt, born and raised in Gaziantep, Turkey, was astonished to learn that his hometown once had a large and active Armenian community. The Armenian presence in Aintab, the cityÕs name during the Ottoman period, had not only been destroyedÑit had been replaced. To every appearance, Gaziantep was a typical Turkish city. Kurt digs into the details of the Armenian dispossession that produced the homogeneously Turkish city in which he grew up. In particular, he examines the population that gained from ethnic cleansing. Records of land confiscation and population transfer demonstrate just how much new wealth became available when the prosperous ArmeniansÑwho were active in manufacturing, agricultural production, and tradeÑwere ejected. Although the official rationale for the removal of the Armenians was that the group posed a threat of rebellion, Kurt shows that the prospect of material gain was a key motivator of support for the Armenian genocide among the local Muslim gentry and the Turkish public. Those who benefited mostÑprovincial elites, wealthy landowners, state officials, and merchants who accumulated Armenian capitalÑin turn financed the nationalist movement that brought the modern Turkish republic into being. The economic elite of Aintab was thus reconstituted along both ethnic and political lines. The Armenians of Aintab draws on primary sources from Armenian, Ottoman, Turkish, British, and French archives, as well as memoirs, personal papers, oral accounts, and newly discovered property-liquidation records. Together they provide an invaluable account of genocide at ground level.