The COVID-19 Pandemic: an Analysis of Its Inequitable Impacts Towards the Black Population with Recommendations to Dismantling Institutional Racism PDF Download

Author: Elena Peterson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description
Due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the 2020 coronavirus disease pandemic uncovered health inequities throughout the United States. This paper explores institutional racism as the reasoning behind these health inequities. A discussion of the United States' failure to implement preventative precautions once notified initially of the coronavirus is featured. Events that took place after the recognition of the coronavirus, such as the economic impacts and passed legislation, are highlighted as well. An overview of the Trump Administration's lack of focus towards vulnerable populations, which includes the Black communities, is included. Also, there are highlights on the work being completed at the policy, community and individual levels to combat the coronavirus impacts on the Black populations. Public health gaps that are discussed within the paper include: the lack of federal support for reallocating funding to underserved communities that would address the racial health disparities amongst the Black population, the lack of focus on health disparities amongst vulnerable populations within an established federal strategy, and the need for amplifying the Black population's voice throughout the United States after centuries of health inequities. These gaps are focused on within the generated recommendations. These recommendations include the creation of a national coalition, the revision of the Department of Health and Human Services' National Health Security Strategy, and the development of a community-based participatory workforce within graduate schools near densely populated Black communities. These recommendations enhance the need for closing the inequitable gap amongst the Black population at the policy, community and individual levels. These recommendations not only focus on the 2020 coronavirus disease but are also framed to be transferable during future pandemics.

Author: Sharon A. Navarro
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000597954
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 196

View

Book Description
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected communities of color while highlighting the prevalence of structural racism in the United States. This crucial collection of essays, written by leading scholars from the fields of communications, political science, health, philosophy, and geography, explores the manifold ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted upon Black, Latinx, and Indigenous communities and the way we see race relations in the United States. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the significance of U.S. health inequalities, which the World Health Organization defines as "avoidable [and] unfair." It has also highlighted structural racism, specifically, institutions, practices, values, customs, and policies that differentially allocate resources and opportunities so as to increase inequity among racial groups. Navarro and Hernandez therefore argue that the COVID-19 pandemic has unleashed a race war in America that has further marginalized communities of color by limiting access to resources by different racial and ethnic minorities, particularly women within these communities. Moreover, the systemic policies of the past that upheld or failed to address the unequal social conditions affecting Blacks, Latinxs, and other minorities have now been magnified with COVID-19. The volume concludes by offering recommendations to prevent future humanitarian crises from exacerbating racial divisions and having a disproportionate impact upon ethnic minorities. This timely volume will be of great interest to those interested in the study of race and the social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309452961
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 583

View

Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Author: Elsie L. Harper-Anderson
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000835677
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228

View

Book Description
Racial Equity, COVID-19, and Public Policy: The Triple Pandemic focuses on the health, economic, and justice impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on racial equity. The book does not simply document the problems made worse by the pandemic, but it provides historical context for issues that rose to the surface in new ways, the existing inequities revealed during COVID-19, as well as policy responses to those issues. The volume is distinguished in its focus on the implications for racial equity through an examination of both existing public policy and new ideas for change. The chapters in this volume demonstrate the ways in which this period of American history and politics is unique, most notably in the convergence of major threats to public health, economic livelihood, and access to justice. This “triple pandemic” will be felt in the coming years and will continue to unfold, depending upon the adequacy of the contemporary response. This edited volume is designed to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of issues including policing, housing, business, disaster response, education, immigration, vaccine distribution, reentry of justice-involved individuals, and the responses to public protests—all with a unifying focus on racial inequities and social justice concerns that elevated these issues to broader public attention and political response. This coalescing emphasis on public policy as both a cause and effect to address these issues makes the book a unique contribution to the public policy literature. This book responds to audiences seeking a better understanding of the events that occurred, the conditions that set the stage for their eruption into wider public view, and what might be done to prevent social and racial inequities in the future.

Author: Sarah E. Gollust
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781478014980
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 183

View

Book Description
With historically underrepresented communities experiencing higher rates of COVID-19 infection and mortality, the pandemic has thrown into stark relief the severe inequities in US health care. In this special issue, a multidisciplinary group of contributors presents empirical evidence for how the pandemic has had a disproportionately negative impact on people of color, incarcerated people, and people with disabilities. These articles show how the pandemic response has been both wholly inadequate for the magnitude of the problem and, in certain policy arenas, has exacerbated existing inequities. Topics include changes in the treatment of disabilities under crisis standards of care, systemic racism in the federal pandemic health care response, and compounded racialized vulnerability within incarceration facilities. The contributors offer a dynamic and accessible analysis of the impacts of and public attitudes about the varieties of inequity in the COVID-19 pandemic. Contributors. Zackary Berger, Andrea Louise Campbell, Katharine Carman, Maria Casoni, Anita Chandra, Matthew Denney, Doron Dorfman, Ramon Garibaldo Valdez, Sarah E. Gollust, Colleen Grogan, Michael Gusmano, Morgan Handley, Yu-An Lin, Julia Lynch, Carolyn Miller, Rebecca Morris, Ari Ne'eman, Christopher Nelson, Sara Rosenbaum, Michael Sances, Michael Stein, Jhacova Williams

Author: Dayna Bowen Matthew
Publisher: NYU Press
ISBN: 147983100X
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 336

View

Book Description
Choice Outstanding Academic Title 2023 The author of the bestselling Just Medicine reveals how racial inequality undermines public health and how we can change it With the rise of the Movement for Black Lives and the feverish calls for Medicare for All, the public spotlight on racial inequality and access to healthcare has never been brighter. The rise of COVID-19 and its disproportionate effects on people of color has especially made clear how the color of one’s skin is directly related to the quality of care (or lack thereof) a person receives, and the disastrous health outcomes Americans suffer as a result of racism and an unjust healthcare system. Timely and accessible, Just Health examines how deep structural racism embedded in the fabric of American society leads to worse health outcomes and lower life expectancy for people of color. By presenting evidence of discrimination in housing, education, employment, and the criminal justice system, Dayna Bowen Matthew shows how racial inequality pervades American society and the multitude of ways that this undermines the health of minority populations. The author provides a clear path forward for overcoming these massive barriers to health and ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to be healthy. She encourages health providers to take a leading role in the fight to dismantle the structural inequities their patients face. A compelling and essential read, Just Health helps us to understand how racial inequality damages the health of our minority communities and explains what we can do to fight back.

Author: Prem Misir
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030887669
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 132

View

Book Description
This book highlights and suggests remedies for the racial and ethnic health disparities confronting people of color amid COVID-19 in the United States. Racial and ethnic health disparities stem from social conditions, not from racial features, that are deeply grounded in systemic racism, operating through the White racial frame. Race and ethnicity are significant factors in any review of health inequity and health inequality. Hence, any realistic end to racial health disparities lies beyond the scope of the health system and health care. The book explores structuration theory, which examines the duality between agency and structure as a possibly potent pathway toward dismantling systemic racism, the White racial frame, and racialized social systems. In particular, the author examines COVID-19 with a focus on the segregated health system of the US. The US health system operates on the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’, whereby the dominant group has access to quality health care and people of color have access to a lesser quality or zero health care. ‘Separation’ implies and enforces inferiority in health care. Through the evidence presented, the author demonstrates that racial and ethnic health disparities are even worse than COVID-19. As in the past, this contagion, like other viruses, will dissipate at some point, but the disparities will persist if the US legislative and economic engines do nothing. The author also raises consciousness to demand a national commission of inquiry on the disproportionate devastation wreaked on people of color in the US amid COVID-19. COVID-19 may be the signature event and an opportunity to trigger action to end racial and ethnic health disparities. Topics covered within the chapters include: Introduction: Segregation of Health Care Systemic Racism and the White Racial Frame Dismantling Systemic Racism and Structuration Theory COVID-19 and Health System Segregation in the US is a timely resource that should engage the academic community, economic and legislative policy makers, health system leaders, clinicians, and public policy administrators in departments of health. It also is a text that can be utilized in graduate programs in Medical Education, Global Public Health, Public Policy, Epidemiology, Race and Ethnic Relations, and Social Work.

Author: Zophia Edwards
Publisher: Daraja Press
ISBN: 9781990263316
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 36

View

Book Description
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought into sharp relief the deep structural problems affecting nonwhite racialized workers in the core and periphery. Yet, many social scientific analyses of the global political economy, at least in the pre-COVID era, are race neutral or willfully indifferent to the persistent racial pattern of global inequalities. This pamphlet explains how the unremitting super-exploitation of Black and other nonwhite racialized labor in the core and the periphery persisted throughout the COVID-19 crisis through the lens of Black radical scholarship on racism and capitalism. Edwards not only captures how people of African descent have been disproportionately impacted by COVID, but also the historical, sociological and structural roots of the inequalities that affect vulnerable groups across the world, tied to what she has described as the architecture of the global economy linked to race and gender. She represents a refreshing voice in our time and part of a Caribbean radical tradition in the spirit of Claudia Jones, Eric Williams, Oliver C. Cox, and C.L.R. James, from her native Trinidad, as well as Guyana's Walter Rodney and Andaiye.

Author: Jonathan M. Metzl
Publisher: Basic Books
ISBN: 1541644964
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354

View

Book Description
A physician's "provocative" (Boston Globe) and "timely" (Ibram X. Kendi, New York Times Book Review) account of how right-wing backlash policies have deadly consequences -- even for the white voters they promise to help. In election after election, conservative white Americans have embraced politicians who pledge to make their lives great again. But as physician Jonathan M. Metzl shows in Dying of Whiteness, the policies that result actually place white Americans at ever-greater risk of sickness and death. Interviewing a range of everyday Americans, Metzl examines how racial resentment has fueled progun laws in Missouri, resistance to the Affordable Care Act in Tennessee, and cuts to schools and social services in Kansas. He shows these policies' costs: increasing deaths by gun suicide, falling life expectancies, and rising dropout rates. Now updated with a new afterword, Dying of Whiteness demonstrates how much white America would benefit by emphasizing cooperation rather than chasing false promises of supremacy. Winner of the Robert F. Kennedy Book Award

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309679540
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 107

View

Book Description
Despite the changing demographics of the nation and a growing appreciation for diversity and inclusion as drivers of excellence in science, engineering, and medicine, Black Americans are severely underrepresented in these fields. Racism and bias are significant reasons for this disparity, with detrimental implications on individuals, health care organizations, and the nation as a whole. The Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine was launched at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2019 to identify key levers, drivers, and disruptors in government, industry, health care, and higher education where actions can have the most impact on increasing the participation of Black men and Black women in science, medicine, and engineering. On April 16, 2020, the Roundtable convened a workshop to explore the context for their work; to surface key issues and questions that the Roundtable should address in its initial phase; and to reach key stakeholders and constituents. This proceedings provides a record of the workshop.