Coupling of Biological and Electronic Systems PDF Download

Author: Karl-Heinz Hoffmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642561772
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Book Description
The coupling of biological and electronic systems has in the past few years emerged as a field of increasing importance. Achievements like the cardiac pacemaker have paved the way for more sophisticated approaches, such as the lab-on-a-chip and DNA computers. This book presents reviews on some of the most promising projects in this interdisciplinary research field, covering topics from bioinformatics to biosensor technology.

Author: Salvador Alegret
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 9780444510372
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 744

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Book Description
Lntegration, a new paradigm in analytical chemistry; Integration in science and technology; Integration in analytical chemistry; Partsand components; Supportedreagents; Separation membranes; Systems; Total analysis systems; Miniaturised systems; Networked systems; Sensors; Electrochemical sensors; Optochemical sensors; Arraysystems; Redundant-sensor array systems; Selective-sensor array systems; Cross-selective sensor array systems; Microsystems; Microsensors; Analytical microsystems; Array microsystems; Nanosystems; Conclusions and perspectives; lntegrated separation systems; General principIes ofbi-phase separation; Thermodynamics ofbi-phase equilibrium; Integration concepts in bi-phase separation; Integration of uptake and stripping steps; Multiplication of single separation effect; Frontal íon exchange chromatography; Reverse frontal íon exchange chromatography; Displacement chromatography; Tandem íon exchange fractionation; Combined separation techniques; Solvent extraction-ion exchange. Aqua impregnated resins; Ion exchange-crystallisation. Ion exchange isothermal supersaturation; Ion exchange supersaturation of zwitterlites; Ion exchange supersaturation of electrolytes; Solid-phase spectrometric assays; Integration of processes in solid-phase spectrometric assays; Types of solid-phase spectrometric assays; Features of solid-phase spectrometric assays; Particulated solid-phase spectrometric assays; Fixation process; Operational aspects; Analytical characteristics; Mixtures resolution; Analytical applications; Membrane solid-phase spectrometric assays; Membrane filtration systems; Membrane 'problem' equilibration systems; Membrane 'problem' deposit systems; Continuous flow analytical systems; Reverse flow injection; Integrating effect of conventional flow injection units; Confluencepoints; Exchangedunits; Modifiedunits; Duplicateunits; Derivatisation reactions in flow injection systems; Redox reactions involving solid reagents; Micellar media; Photoinduced reactions; Electrogenerated reagents; Catalytic reactions; External energy sources integrated with flow injection; Conventional heat sources; illtrasound energy sources; Use of electrical energy; Microwave energy assistance; In-line coupling of simple non-chromatographic continuous separation units and flow injection manifolds; Couplings with techniques involving gas-separation: gas-diffusers, pervaporators and others; Couplings with liquid-liquid separators: dialysers and liquid-liquid extractors; Couplingswith liquid-solid separators and solid phase formation; On-line separation equipment and flow injection manifolds; On-line coupling of robotics and flow injection manifolds; Detection in flow injection; Flow injection-detector interfaces; Automatic calibration; Special uses of conventional detectors coupled to FI; Three-dimensional and complex detectors coupled to FI; Screening and flow injection Integration and flow injection; Distributed analytical instrumentation systems; Theremoteconcept; Elements in a measurement system; Distributed systems topologies; Theremoteplace; The benefits of distributed intelligence; The computer-controlling function; Virtual instruments; Smart/intelligent sensors; The link; Industrial networks; Ethernet; Wireless links; The local place; Remote analytical instruments/systems: application examples; Laboratory information management systems; The analytical laboratory; Role of an analytical laboratory; Need to increase productivity; The aims oflaboratory automation; Problems with laboratory automation; Solutions for laboratory automation; What is laboratory automation?; A definition oflaboratory automation; Laboratory automation constituent groups; Instrument automation; Communications; Data to information conversion; Information management; A laboratory automation strategy in practice; Laboratory Information Management Systems; What is a LIMS?; A LIMS has two targets; Construction of the LIMS matrix; LIMS matrix views; Organisational integration and LIMS; LIMS and the system development life cycle; System development life cycle; Project proposal; The LIMS project team; User requirements specification and system selection; Functional specification; Qualification of the system; User training and roll-out strategies; Project close-out; Post-implementation review; Enhancement ofthe system and controlling change; Chemically modified electrodes with integrated biomolecules and molecular wires; Enzyme redox catalysis; Redox hydrogels; Self-assembled polyelectrolyte and protein films; Self-assembled enzyme films; Electrocatalysis; Electronhopping; Different molecular architectures; Structure ofself-assembled enzyme films; Atomic force microscopy; Ellipsometry; Combination of QCM and ellipsometric measurements; Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); Composite and biocomposite materiais forelectrochemicalsensing; Composite electrode materiaIs; Conducting composite; Conducting biocomposites; Composite- and biocomposite-based electrochemical sensors; Conductometric sensors; Potentiometric sensors; Amperometric sensors; Thick-film sensors; Sensors for voltammetric stripping techniques; Optical chemical sensors and biosensor; Sensor structure; Optical fibers; Optoelectronic instrumentation; Molecular recognition element; Sensor designs; Modes of optical signal measurements; Absorbance measurement; Reflectance measurement; Fluorescence measurement; Chemiluminescence measurement; Electronic tongues: new analytical perspective of chemical sensors; General approach to the application of sensor arrays; Why use sensor systems?; Inspirations from chemometrics and biology; Advantages of sensor systems in comparlson with discrete sensors; Specific features of the sensors for the electronictongue; Electronic tongue systems; Sensors; System designs; Hybrid systems; Data processing; Selected applications ofthe electronic tongue; Application areas and analytes; Quantitative analysis; Qualitative analysis, recognition, identification andclassification; Comparison with human perception offlavours; Taste quantification; Application ofhybrid systems; Problems and perspective; A Taste sensor; Structure of the taste sensor; Response characteristics; Aminoacids; Classification oftaste ofamino acids; Discrimination of D-amino acids from L-aminoacids; Quantification ofthe taste of foods; Interaction between taste qualities; Suppression ofbitterness due to phospholipids; Scale ofbitterness; Suppression of bitterness due to taste substances; Detection of wine flavor using taste sensor and electronic nose; Perspective; Application of electronic nose technology for monitoring water and wastewater; Electronic nose technology; Sensor types; Analysis ofelectronic nose data; Electronic nose instrumentation; Sensor array components; Commercial systems; Application to water and wastewater monitoring; Laboratory-based systems; On-line monitoring systems; lntegrated optical transducers for (bio)chemical sensing; Basic concepts; Fundamentals of optical waveguides; Detection principIes: Types of devices; Technologies for integrated optical transducer fabrication; Substrate materiaIs and specific processes; Basic technological processes; Integrated optical sensors; Absorbancesensor; Gratingcoupler; Resonantmirror; Mach-Zehnder interferometer; Towards a total integrated system; High arder hybrid FET module for (bio)chemical andphysicalsensing; Design concepts of(bio)chemical sensor arrays; High arder sensor module based on an identical transducer principIe; Hybrid module design; ISFET fabrication; Measuring system and sensor configurations; Multi-parameter detection of both (bio)chemical and physical quantities using the same transducer principIe; ISFET-based pH sensor; ISFET-based penicillin sensor; ISFET-based temperature sensor; ISFET-based flow-velocity sensor; ISFET-based flow-direction sensor;ISFET-based diffusion-coefficient sensor; ISFET-based bioelectronic sensor; Applications of the hybrid sensor module; pH determination in human urine; pH measurement in rain droplets; Summary and conclusion; Microdialysis based lab-on-a-chip, applying a generic MEM Stechnology; The need for in vivo monitoring; Microdialysis; The microdialysis lab-on-a-chip; The micromachined double lumen microdialysis probe connector; The conventional microdialysis probe; Experimental; Results and discussion; The passive and the active calibration system; Passive contraI of a calibration plug; Active contraI of a calibration plug; Closed-loop controlled electrochemically actuated microdosing system; The flow-through potentiometric and amperometric sensor array; The flow-through potentiometric sensorarray; The flow-through reference electrode; The flow-through amperometric sensor; The integrated microdialysis-based lab-on-a-chip; The complete integrated microdialysis lab-on-a-chip; Measurements; Design methodology for a lab-on-a-chip for chemical analysis: the MAFIAS chip; The design path; The design; Chemistry; System schematics; Channel geometry; Specifications for the components; Thecomponents; Nanosensor and nanoprobe systems for in vivo bioanalysis; Background on biosensors and bioreceptors; Biosensing systems; Bioreceptor probes; Fiberoptics nanosensor system; Fabrication of the fiberoptic nanoprobe; Immobilization of receptors onto fiber nanoprobes; Experimental system and protocol for nanoprobe investigation of single cells; Optical measurement system; Applications in bioanalysis; Optical nanofiber probes for fluorescence measurements; Single-cell measurements using antibody-based nanoprobes.

Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080469663
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 713

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Book Description
Microdialysis is currently one of the most important in vivo sampling methods in physiology and pharmacology. It is used to determine the chemical components of the fluid in the extracellular space of tissues. The technique is now well established in neuroscience research and is used excessively in behavioral neuroscience to determine the concentrations and identities of molecules in brain tissues, and their change due to behavior, hormonal and transmitter changes in the nervous system. The book provides a detailed comprehensive overview of the technology and its applications, including application in pathology, drug development, and the application in the clinic. The authors are all well known researchers in Neuroscience and experts in the use of Microdialysis. Organized into two parts of seven sections, the Handbook of Microdialysis critically examines recent developments in the field through a variety of chapters written by an internationally acclaimed group of authors. It is the first comprehensive handbook covering the technology of Microdialysis and its applications in Neuroscience.* Presents microdialysis methods and interpretation including the technical aspects of microdialysis as a sampling technique followed by the analytical chemical methods* Discusses the role of microdialysis in pharmacology, drug development and models of CNS pathology* Includes clinical applications of microdialysis

Author: Carlos H. Mastrangelo
Publisher: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN: 9780819442888
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 310

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Author: Yoshinobu Baba
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401002959
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 667

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Book Description
The Sixth International Conference on Miniaturized Chemical and Biochemical Analysis Systems, known as /JTAS2002, will be fully dedicated to the latest scientific and technological developments in the field of miniaturized devices and systems for realizing not only chemical and biochemical analysis but also synthesis. The first /JTAS meeting was held in Enschede in 1994 with approximately 160 participants, bringing together the scientists with background in analytical and biochemistry with those with Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in one workshop. We are grateful to Piet Bergveld and Albert van den Berg of MESA Research Institute of the University of Twente for their great efforts to arrange this exciting first meeting. The policy of the meeting was succeeded by late Prof. Dr. Michael Widmer in the second meeting, /JTAS'96 held in Basel with 275 participants. The first two meetings were held as informal workshops. From the third workshop, /JTAS'98 (420 participants) held in Banff, the workshop had become a worldwide conference. Participants continued to increase in /JTAS2000 (about 500 participants) held in Enschede and /JTAS2001 (about 700 participants) held in Monterey. The number of submitted papers also dramatically increased in this period from 130 in 1998, 230 in 2000 to nearly 400 in 2001. From 2001, /JTAS became an annual symposium. The steering committee meeting held in Monterey, confrrmed the policy of former /JTAS that quality rather than quantity would be the key-point and that the parallel-session format throughout the 3.

Author: James P. Landers
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420004956
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1598

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Book Description
Now in its third edition, this bestselling work continues to offer state-of-the-art information on the development and employment of capillary electrophoresis. With special emphasis on microseparations and microfluidics, it features new chapters describing the use of microchip electrophoresis and associated microtechniques, with a focus on the extraordinary breadth of work undertaken to expand CE methodologies in recent years. Enhanced by contributions from leading international experts, the Handbook of Capillary and Microchip Electrophoresis and Associated Microtechniques, Third Edition remains a seminal reference for the chemistry, biology, and engineering fields.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fluid dynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 866

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Author: Ghenadii Korotcenkov
Publisher: Momentum Press
ISBN: 1606502417
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 577

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Book Description
Chemical sensors are integral to the automation of myriad industrial processes, as well as everyday monitoring of such activities as public safety, engine performance, medical therapeutics, and many more. This massive reference work will cover all major categories of chemical sensor materials and devices, and their general functional usage...from monitoring and analyzing gases, to analyzing liquids and compounds of all kinds. This is THE reference work on sensors used for chemical detection and analysis. In this final volume of the Chemical Sensors will be found the latest in new chemical sensor applications including remote chemical sensing for such applications as atmosphere monitoring , new uses for electronic "noses" and "tongues," wireless chemical sensors, and new future directions for chemical sensors in industry, agriculture, and transportation.

Author: Gerald Urban
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387287329
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 381

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Book Description
Explosive growth in the field of microsystem technology (MST) has introduced a variety of promising products in major disciplines from microelectronics to life sciences. Especially the life sciences and health care business was, and is expected to be a major market for MST products. Undoubtedly the merging of biological sciences with micro- and nanoscience will create a scientific and technological revolution in future. Microminiaturization of devices, down to the nanoscale, approaching the size of biological structures, will be a prerequisite for the future success of life sciences. Bioanalytical and therapeutic micro- and nanosystems will be mandatory for system biologists in the long run, to obtain insight into morphology, the function and the interactive processes of the living system. With such a deeper understanding new and personalized drugs could be developed leading to a revolution in life sciences. Today, microanalytical devices are used in clinical analytics or molecular biology as gene chips. In parallel, standard microbiomedical products are employed in the intensive care and surgical theatre, mainly for monitoring and implantation purposes. The gap between these two different scientific fields will be closed, however, as soon as functional micro devices can be produced, allowing a deeper view into the function of cells and whole organisms. Here, a new discipline evolved which focuses on microsystems for living systems called "BIOMEMS". In this review at a glance the exciting field of bio-microsystems, from their beginnings to indicators of future successes are presented. It will also show that a broad penetration of micro and nano technologies into biology and medicine will be mandatory for future scientific and new product development progress in life science.

Author: Deric P. Jones
Publisher: Momentum Press
ISBN: 1606500562
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 482

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Book Description
Sensors are the eyes, ears, and more, of the modern engineered product or system- including the living human organism. This authoritative reference work, part of Momentum Press's new Sensors Technology series, edited by noted sensors expert, Dr. Joe Watson, will offer a complete review of all sensors and their associated instrumentation systems now commonly used in modern medicine. Readers will find invaluable data and guidance on a wide variety of sensors used in biomedical applications, from fluid flow sensors, to pressure sensors, to chemical analysis sensors. New developments in biomaterials- based sensors that mimic natural bio-systems will be covered as well. Also featured will be ample references throughout, along with a useful Glossary and symbols list, as well as convenient conversion tables.