Author: Kristine Elizabeth SonstromPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
The Classification of Vocalizations to Identify Social Groups of Beluga Whales in the St. Lawrence River Estuary Using a Hidden Markov Model
Author: Kristine Elizabeth SonstromPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
Investigation Into the Response of the Auditory and Acoustic Communications Systems in the Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus Leucas) of the St. Lawrence River Estuary to Noise, Using Vocal Classification
Author: P. M. ScheifeleThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Author: Acoustical Society of AmericaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1222
Book Description
Investigation Into the Response of the Auditory and Acoustic Communications Systems in the Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus Leucas) of the St. Lawrence River Estuary to Noise, Using Vocal Classification
Author: P. M. ScheifeleSocial Calling Behavior of Southeast Alaskan Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaeangliae)
Author: Michelle Elizabeth Hardy FournetPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Humpback whale
Languages : en
Pages : 110
Book Description
Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are vocal baleen whales that exhibit complex social interactions that vary spatially and seasonally. Across their range, humpback whales produce a wide array of vocalizations including 'song', foraging vocalizations, and a range of vocalizations known as social calls -- unclassified non-song vocalizations. This study investigates the vocal repertoire and social calling behavior of Southeast Alaskan humpback whales from a sample of 299 vocalizations paired with 365 visual surveys collected over a three-month period on a foraging ground in Frederick Sound in Southeast Alaska. The results of this study describe a more varied and diverse repertoire of social vocalizations than has been previously documented, and identifies variability in vocal behavior as a function of social-spatial context. We used a three-part classification system that included aural-visual analysis, statistical cluster analyses, and discriminant function analysis to describe and classify social vocalizations. Vocalizations were classified into sixteen individual call types nested in seven vocal subclasses, within four vocal classes. The vocal repertoire of Southeast Alaskan humpbacks shows that call stereotypy ranges from discrete to continuous. This discrimination occurs at the vocal class and vocal subclass levels, and may be associated with call function. Social calls from Southeast Alaska showed anecdotal overlap with song from the 2012 North Pacific breeding season, and moderate overlap with vocalizations recorded in North Atlantic foraging grounds and along the East Australian migratory corridor. At the vocal class level aural-visual analysis had 83% agreement with cluster analysis and 90% agreement with discriminant function analysis. Results indicate that call use is not indiscriminant, and that some call types were commonly produced while others were rare. Moreover, calling rates in one vocal class, the pulsed (P) vocal class, were negatively correlated with mean nearest neighbor distance, indicating that P calling rates increased as animals clustered. This suggests the use of P calls may be spatially mediated. Results of a Poisson log linear (PLL) regression indicated that whale abundance in the survey area had no effect on vocal behavior; however, vocal behavior did vary significantly based on the spatial proximity of animals. The highest calling diversity occurred when whales were in clustered dispersion states, while the lowest calling diversity occurred when only a single whale was present. The type of calls produced during each dispersion state (clustered, random, evenly dispersed, single) varied significantly. While calls from all four vocal classes were detected during surveys containing clustered or randomly dispersed whales, calls from only two of the four classes were detected when whales were evenly distributed, and only one vocal class was detected from solitary whales. Our results indicated that vocal behavior is not correlated with abundance, that vocal behavior does vary based on social context, and that vocal behavior trends toward complexity as the potential for social interactions increases. Our evidence supports the hypothesis that social vocalizations serve a communicative purpose and may be used to maintain animal spatial proximity.
Automated Classification of Humpback Whale (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Songs Using Hidden Markov Models
Author: Federica PaceMarine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises
Author: Erich HoytPublisher: Earthscan
ISBN: 1849771944
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 521
Book Description
'Erich Hoyt's handbook is an admirable, timely and highly welcome contribution.'Michael Stachowitsch, Marine EcologyWhat does it mean to save the whales if their habitat is left unprotected? Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises is the definitive handbook on this pressing issue and the first to bridge the gap between the disciplines of marine protected areas and cetacean conservation. It launches a new chapter in cetacean conservation with its investigation into the crucial habitat needs and protection requirements of some 84 species.The author, one of the world's foremost experts in this field, takes you around the world to investigate the promising results of the latest conservation research and the strategies for obtaining marine protected areas in coastal waters and on the high seas, using national legislation and regional and international conventions. This is an essential introduction, guide and reference work for those working to ensure a future for whales and dolphins.
Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation
Author: Ian L. BoydPublisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199216568
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 475
Book Description
Much of our knowledge about marine mammals is derived from a long-term and dedicated research effort that is evolving rapidly due to the introduction and invention of new methods.This book reflects the inventiveness of marine researchers as they try to find ways around the problems presented to them by these unusual and challenging animals.
Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Cetaceans
Author: Walter M. X. ZimmerPublisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139498096
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 367
Book Description
Passive acoustic monitoring is increasingly used by the scientific community to study, survey and census marine mammals, especially cetaceans, many of which are easier to hear than to see. PAM is also used to support efforts to mitigate potential negative effects of human activities such as ship traffic, military and civilian sonar and offshore exploration. Walter Zimmer provides an integrated approach to PAM, combining physical principles, discussion of technical tools and application-oriented concepts of operations. Additionally, relevant information and tools necessary to assess existing and future PAM systems are presented, with Matlab code used to generate figures and results so readers can reproduce data and modify code to analyse the impact of changes. This allows the principles to be studied whilst discovering potential difficulties and side effects. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, the book provides all information and tools necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of this interdisciplinary subject.
Soundscape Ecology
Author: Almo FarinaPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400773749
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326
Book Description
Soundscape Ecology represents a new branch of ecology and it is the result of the integration of different disciplines like Landscape ecology, Bioacoustics, Acoustic ecology, Biosemiotics, etc. The soundscape that is the object of this discipline, is defined as the acoustic context resulting from natural and human originated sounds and it is considered a relevant environmental proxy for animal and human life. With Soundscape Ecology Almo Farina means to offer a new cultural tool to investigate a partially explored component of the environmental complexity. For this he intends to set the principles of this new discipline, to delineate the epistemic domain in which to develop new ideas and theories and to describe the necessary integration with all the other ecological/environmental disciplines. The book is organized in ten chapters. The first two chapters delineate principles and theory of soundscape ecology. Chapters three and four describe the bioacoustic and communication theories. Chapter five is devoted to the human dimension of soundscape. Chapters six to eight regard the major sonic patterns like noise, choruses and vibrations. Chapter nine is devoted to the methods in soundscape ecology and finally chapter ten describes the application of the soundscape analysis.