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Author: Derek M. Hofbauer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agricultural systems Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Maya Mopan farmers in southern Belize face socio-economic hardships, persisting environmental constraints, and an unfavorable political climate that has prevented land tenure stability on reservation lands. This thesis describes the agricultural practices of a group of Mopan farmers and examines farm-site diversification and its relationship to ecological knowledge, out-migration, agricultural markets, and indigenous political systems. I also examine how modernization, religious conversions, and the Mopan's introduction into a capitalist economy have led to a decline in cultural practices and the augmentation of non-traditional behaviors among the younger generations. Data were obtained during my fieldwork in the Cayo and Toledo Districts of southern Belize from June-November, 2002. I conducted informal interviews with farmers and NGOs, engaged in participant observation techniques, documented 17 diversified Mayan farms, and formulated a self-administered questionnaire that was given to 38 students in the San Jose Village School. Additional data was acquired through voluntary work in farmers' fields and from available anthropological and agricultural literature. The results of this study indicate that Mopan farmers have diversified their farming systems by adopting new crop varieties, developing more sustainable agricultural techniques, increasing the production of cash crops, and adjusting their traditional labor systems. These findings are significant because they demonstrate ways in which farming communities throughout the tropics can improve their environments and economies amidst the influences of modernization, unsustainable development, and discriminatory government policies.
Author: Derek M. Hofbauer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agricultural systems Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
Maya Mopan farmers in southern Belize face socio-economic hardships, persisting environmental constraints, and an unfavorable political climate that has prevented land tenure stability on reservation lands. This thesis describes the agricultural practices of a group of Mopan farmers and examines farm-site diversification and its relationship to ecological knowledge, out-migration, agricultural markets, and indigenous political systems. I also examine how modernization, religious conversions, and the Mopan's introduction into a capitalist economy have led to a decline in cultural practices and the augmentation of non-traditional behaviors among the younger generations. Data were obtained during my fieldwork in the Cayo and Toledo Districts of southern Belize from June-November, 2002. I conducted informal interviews with farmers and NGOs, engaged in participant observation techniques, documented 17 diversified Mayan farms, and formulated a self-administered questionnaire that was given to 38 students in the San Jose Village School. Additional data was acquired through voluntary work in farmers' fields and from available anthropological and agricultural literature. The results of this study indicate that Mopan farmers have diversified their farming systems by adopting new crop varieties, developing more sustainable agricultural techniques, increasing the production of cash crops, and adjusting their traditional labor systems. These findings are significant because they demonstrate ways in which farming communities throughout the tropics can improve their environments and economies amidst the influences of modernization, unsustainable development, and discriminatory government policies.
Author: Elizabeth Mayfield Binford Publisher: ISBN: Category : Land use Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to assess the drivers of land use and land cover change among Mopan and Kekchi Maya in southern Belize. The overall objective is to identify both historical and contemporary links between land use and population movement while also considering the influence of development projects and tenure relations in the area. A mixed-method ethnographic approach was used to collect qualitative and quantitative data from three farming communities in the Toledo District of southern Belize during the period of February-April 2007. The majority of the data was gathered using semi-structured interviews with farming heads of household in the target communities and this social data was combined with land use and land cover information and compared to spatio-temporal datasets of the area. The results of this research illustrate the complexities of human-environment interaction in the tropics. Length of residence does not directly correlate with land use as predicted, but likely with the strength of social networks and access to local resources. Migration in the study area is frequent and occurs over short distances while availability of land is the main factor at work in decision-making regarding relocation. In addition, development projects in the area have dramatically affected land use and land cover change among residents of the three study villages.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) ISBN: 9789251077207 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"Climate-smart agriculture, forestry and fisheries (CSA), contributes to the achievement of sustainable development goals. It integrates the three dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social and environmental) by jointly addressing food security and climate challenges. It is composed of three main pillars: sustainably increasing agricultural productivity and incomes; adapting and building resilience to climate change; reducing and/or removing greenhouse gases emissions, where possible. The purpose of the sourcebook is to further elaborate the concept of CSA and demonstrate its potential, as well as limitations. It aims to help decision makers at a number of levels (including political administrators and natural resource managers) to understand the different options that are available for planning, policies and investments and the practices that are suitable for making different agricultural sectors, landscapes and food systems more climate-smart. This sourcebook is a reference tool for planners, practitioners and policy makers working in agriculture, forestry and fisheries at national and subnational levels." -- Back cover.
Author: John Staller Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441904719 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 691
Book Description
The significance of food and feasting to Pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures has been extensively studied by archaeologists, anthropologists and art historians. Foodways studies have been critical to our understanding of early agriculture, political economies, and the domestication and management of plants and animals. Scholars from diverse fields have explored the symbolic complexity of food and its preparation, as well as the social importance of feasting in contemporary and historical societies. This book unites these disciplinary perspectives — from the social and biological sciences to art history and epigraphy — creating a work comprehensive in scope, which reveals our increasing understanding of the various roles of foods and cuisines in Mesoamerican cultures. The volume is organized thematically into three sections. Part 1 gives an overview of food and feasting practices as well as ancient economies in Mesoamerica. Part 2 details ethnographic, epigraphic and isotopic evidence of these practices. Finally, Part 3 presents the metaphoric value of food in Mesoamerican symbolism, ritual, and mythology. The resulting volume provides a thorough, interdisciplinary resource for understanding, food, feasting, and cultural practices in Mesoamerica.
Author: Lan Sluder Publisher: Equator ISBN: Category : Travel Languages : en Pages : 425
Book Description
Are you worried and anxious about the present state of the world? Are you concerned about your future and that of your family? Do you want to live better, cheaper and healthier? Without worrying about politics, war, money problems, government surveillance, keeping up with the Joneses or even the unthinkable -- nuclear Armageddon? Then consider bugging out to Belize, the little English-speaking country on the Caribbean Coast. It's so close, yet so far from most of the world's problems. Bug Out to Belize by Lan Sluder tells you how to do it: What areas are best ? How much does it costs to live in Belize? How do you get residency? What are the pitfalls to avoid? And, how to make the move! Written by a leading expert on Belize, an award-winning reporter, newspaper and magazine editor, contributor to leading publications around the world including the New York Times, Caribbean Travel & Life, Chicago Tribune, Miami Herald and the Globe and Mail, and author of more than 20 books, Bug Out to Belize can guide you to a better, more worry-free future in beautiful Belize, the friendly, affordable, frost-free and English-speaking little country on the Caribbean Coast.
Author: George Psacharopoulos Publisher: Ashgate Publishing ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
Indigenous people constitute a large portion of Latin America's population and suffer from severe and widespread poverty. They are more likely than any other groups of a country's population to be poor. This study documents their socioeconomic situation and shows how it can be improved through changes in policy-influenced variables such as education. The authors review the literature of indigenous people around the world and provide a statistical overview of those in Latin America. Case studies profile the indigenous populations in Bolivia, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru, examining their distribution, education, income, labour force participation and differences in gender roles. A final chapter presents recommendations for conducting future research.
Author: B.M. Kumar Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 140204948X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 383
Book Description
‘Homegardens’ are integrated tree–crop–animal production systems, often established on small parcels of land surrounding homesteads, and primarily found in tropical environments. This multi-authored volume contains peer-reviewed chapters from the world’s leading researchers and professionals in this topic. It summarizes the current state of knowledge on homegarden systems, with a view to using this knowledge as a basis for improving both homegardens and other similar multistrata agroforestry systems.
Author: Diana Vinding Publisher: IWGIA ISBN: 8791563054 Category : Anthropology Languages : en Pages : 566
Book Description
"The Indigenous World 2005 gives an overview of crucial developments in 2004 that have impacted on the indigenous peoples of the world."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Scott L. Fedick Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 448
Book Description
This collection draws on the most up-to-date investigations of Maya practices to show that the lowland Maya utilized a highly flexible regional and local approach in their management of agricultural, mineral, game, and water resources.
Author: Derek M. Hofbauer
Author: Derek M. Hofbauer
Author: Shawn K. Van Ausdal
Author: Elizabeth Mayfield Binford
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Author: John Staller
Author: Lan Sluder
Author: George Psacharopoulos
Author: B.M. Kumar
Author: Diana Vinding
Author: Scott L. Fedick