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Author: Charles River Charles River Editors Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781721574247 Category : Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "The peoples of Yugoslavia do not want Fascism. They do not want a totalitarian regime, they do not want to become slaves of the German and Italian financial oligarchy as they never wanted to become reconciled to the semi-colonial dependence imposed on them by the so-called Western democracies after the first imperialist war." - Tito The Belgrade Offensive of 1944, while not considered one of the greatest and most important battles of the Second World War, was definitively an important moment of the war in the Balkans and marked the final defeat of the Axis in Southeastern Europe. The Axis campaign started in April 1941, when Germany and Italy, helped by Hungary and Bulgaria, attacked Yugoslavia and Greece. Almost immediately after the conquest of these two countries, occupying forces had to face the resistance of local guerilla movements, especially in Yugoslavia. It was divided between the remains of the Royal Army (the Chetniks or JVuO) and Communist Partisans. Yugoslav guerillas were a constant threat for the Axis in Balkans. Their fight was based on diversions, but they also conducted large military operations, making them unique in occupied Europe. During the four years of occupation, the Germans and Italians conducted five large operations and several smaller ones in order to defeat the guerillas and to secure the Balkans, which by 1943 was thought of as one of the possible landing zones for the Allies in Europe. Another aspect of the Yugoslav resistance was that the two resistance movements were also at war against each other, disputing whether Yugoslavia would stay under the influence of Western democracies or turn to Communism. Although pressed by the Germans and Italians in the entire country, resistance movements managed to survive the war years, waiting for the tides of war to turn in favor of the Allies. Chetniks were waiting for western the Allies, while the Partisans were hoping for the sooner arrival of the Red Army troops. Partisans established their base in the central mountains of Yugoslavia, while Chetniks drew their strength from traditionally royalist Serbia. Once the tactical advantage on the front changed in 1943 in favor of the Allies and Italy was defeated, both resistance movements turned to offensive operations. By that time, Partisans overcame Chetniks across the land. Strict organization of the Yugoslav Communist Party was transferred to military units and was far stronger than those of Chetniks. The bigger number of recruited men gave them the advantage, and the Partisans won the political and military support of the Allies both from the West and the East as they were considered the most useful resistance movement in fighting the Germans on Balkans. During the Tehran Conference in November 1943, the Communist People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia (the NOVJ) was recognized as the allied force. One day after, the political body of the force, Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ) declared itself as a legislative and governing body of Yugoslavia. King Peter II was forbidden to come back to Yugoslavia until the end of the war. As it was clear that the Germans were going defensive on all fronts and that the Red Army's arrival on the eastern border of Yugoslavia was imminent, the NOVJ set Serbia as its primary task. The Germans also realized the importance of Serbia and Belgrade as its key strategic point. In the eyes of the German High Command, Serbia was observed as a strategic entirety with Greece. The Morava-Vardar Valley was the fastest communication line with the Army Group E troops in Greece, and this communication was allowing quick movement of troops to respond to possible challenges. The fall of Serbia would mean the fall of this communication and a cut off of substantial forces in Greece.
Author: Charles River Charles River Editors Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781721574247 Category : Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "The peoples of Yugoslavia do not want Fascism. They do not want a totalitarian regime, they do not want to become slaves of the German and Italian financial oligarchy as they never wanted to become reconciled to the semi-colonial dependence imposed on them by the so-called Western democracies after the first imperialist war." - Tito The Belgrade Offensive of 1944, while not considered one of the greatest and most important battles of the Second World War, was definitively an important moment of the war in the Balkans and marked the final defeat of the Axis in Southeastern Europe. The Axis campaign started in April 1941, when Germany and Italy, helped by Hungary and Bulgaria, attacked Yugoslavia and Greece. Almost immediately after the conquest of these two countries, occupying forces had to face the resistance of local guerilla movements, especially in Yugoslavia. It was divided between the remains of the Royal Army (the Chetniks or JVuO) and Communist Partisans. Yugoslav guerillas were a constant threat for the Axis in Balkans. Their fight was based on diversions, but they also conducted large military operations, making them unique in occupied Europe. During the four years of occupation, the Germans and Italians conducted five large operations and several smaller ones in order to defeat the guerillas and to secure the Balkans, which by 1943 was thought of as one of the possible landing zones for the Allies in Europe. Another aspect of the Yugoslav resistance was that the two resistance movements were also at war against each other, disputing whether Yugoslavia would stay under the influence of Western democracies or turn to Communism. Although pressed by the Germans and Italians in the entire country, resistance movements managed to survive the war years, waiting for the tides of war to turn in favor of the Allies. Chetniks were waiting for western the Allies, while the Partisans were hoping for the sooner arrival of the Red Army troops. Partisans established their base in the central mountains of Yugoslavia, while Chetniks drew their strength from traditionally royalist Serbia. Once the tactical advantage on the front changed in 1943 in favor of the Allies and Italy was defeated, both resistance movements turned to offensive operations. By that time, Partisans overcame Chetniks across the land. Strict organization of the Yugoslav Communist Party was transferred to military units and was far stronger than those of Chetniks. The bigger number of recruited men gave them the advantage, and the Partisans won the political and military support of the Allies both from the West and the East as they were considered the most useful resistance movement in fighting the Germans on Balkans. During the Tehran Conference in November 1943, the Communist People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia (the NOVJ) was recognized as the allied force. One day after, the political body of the force, Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ) declared itself as a legislative and governing body of Yugoslavia. King Peter II was forbidden to come back to Yugoslavia until the end of the war. As it was clear that the Germans were going defensive on all fronts and that the Red Army's arrival on the eastern border of Yugoslavia was imminent, the NOVJ set Serbia as its primary task. The Germans also realized the importance of Serbia and Belgrade as its key strategic point. In the eyes of the German High Command, Serbia was observed as a strategic entirety with Greece. The Morava-Vardar Valley was the fastest communication line with the Army Group E troops in Greece, and this communication was allowing quick movement of troops to respond to possible challenges. The fall of Serbia would mean the fall of this communication and a cut off of substantial forces in Greece.
Author: Source Wikipedia Publisher: Booksllc.Net ISBN: 9781230666556 Category : Languages : en Pages : 24
Book Description
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 23. Chapters: Belgrade declaration, Belgrade Offensive, Danube Commission (1948), Danube River Conference of 1948, HRS-100, Informbiro period, Iosif Grigulevich, M-84, Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade," Russian Center of Science and Culture (Belgrade), Russian Corps, Shershen class torpedo boat, Syrmian Front, Tito-Stalin split, Za socijalisti ku Jugoslaviju. Excerpt: The Belgrade Offensive or the Belgrade Strategic Offensive Operation (Serbo-Croatian: Beogradska ofenziva/ofanziva, /; Russian: ) (14 September-24 November 1944) was an offensive military operation in which Belgrade was liberated from the German Wehrmacht by the joint efforts of the Yugoslav Partisans, the Soviet Red Army and the Bulgarian People's Army. This forces launched separate but loosely coordinated operations that successfully forced the Germans out of the Belgrade area. The offensive involved the 1st Army Group of the Yugoslav Partisans to the west, the Soviet 3rd Ukrainian Front (including the Bulgarian 2nd Army), elements of the 2nd Ukrainian Front to the north and First, Third and elements of the Fourth Bulgarian Armies to the south. They conductied an offensive against part of Germany's Army Group E (Korpsgruppe "Schneckenburger" and "Stern") which included the forces of the Serbian fifth column, the Chetniks and the Serbian State Guard. The objective was to destroy the forces of the German Army Group E in the Suva Planina region, and those of Army Group F east of Velika Morava river, and ultimately to free Belgrade from Nazi occupation. A secondary objective for the offensive was to sever the line of retreat for German Army Group E from Greece, Albania and the southern regions of Yugoslavia through Belgrade to Hungary, including the Salonica-Belgrade railroad. By early September 1944, two...
Author: Kaloyan Matev Publisher: ISBN: 9781910777800 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book describes two Soviet offensive operations carried out during September and October 1944. The first was the operation for the occupation of Bulgaria - known as the 'Bulgarian operation'; the second was the Belgrade offensive operation, which was carried out immediately after the Bulgarian operation. Although separate, the two operations were closely linked to each other: the first was conducted in an almost peaceful manner, which saved resources. This necessitated that the Soviet Command carried out the second operation promptly, which seriously endangered the encirclement of German Army Group position in the Southern Balkans. Pressed by the advancing Red Army, the German troops withdrew from the territories of Greece and Albania. They also relocated fresh forces from the Western Balkans to the Bulgarian-Yugoslav Border in order to build up a defense line. The book describes in detail the heavy battles during the Belgrade offensive operation. Both combatants suffered from the same problems: heavy mountainous terrain; poor roads and infrastructure; and severe weather conditions. This is one of the few Soviet offensives which started without a large superiority of their forces over those of the enemy. The German soldiers were trained to fight in mountainous conditions, and the Soviets were not. The Soviet armament was more modern, but heavier. Additionally, it was not designed to move on the narrow and steep mountain roads. Therefore, the success of this offensive operation was unclear for a long time. The German Command was but a step away from turning Belgrade into a fortress, and slowing down the war in the region for months. The Soviet troops won, but as a result of very tough fighting. After Bulgaria joined the Allied forces, its military forces were subject to the command of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. The commander of the Front used this new ally to the max - thus conserving Soviet forces. There is also a short description of the activities of the Bulgarian troops, who undertook a secondary offensive from the Aegean Sea to the town of Nis in Southern Serbia. The book describes the operations of both ground and air forces. Special attention is paid to the Soviet tank and mechanized units which participated in both operations, and the book benefits from a detailed set of daily statistics and accompanying analysis which has not been attempted before. As well as a detailed narrative, the author also provides information covering camouflage, markings and unit insignia. The authoritative text is supported by more than 400 photographs (the majority of them previously unpublished); full-color profiles showing the aforementioned camouflage, markings and unit insignia; and also full-color battle maps. This book is a result of the author's years spent studying documents from the Russian Federation's Central Archives of the Ministry of Defense and the Bulgarian State Military Historical Archives. Such a detailed study on this topic has not appeared before - and the author's work is unlikely to be superseded.
Author: Kaloyan Matev Publisher: ISBN: 9781804512463 Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book describes two Soviet offensive operations carried out during September and October 1944. The first was the operation for the occupation of Bulgaria - known as the 'Bulgarian operation'; the second was the Belgrade offensive operation, which was carried out immediately after the Bulgarian operation. Although separate, the two operations were closely linked to each other: the first was conducted in an almost peaceful manner, which saved resources. This necessitated that the Soviet Command carried out the second operation promptly, which seriously endangered the encirclement of German Army Group ? position in the Southern Balkans. Pressed by the advancing Red Army, the German troops withdrew from the territories of Greece and Albania. They also relocated fresh forces from the Western Balkans to the Bulgarian-Yugoslav Border in order to build up a defense line. The book describes in detail the heavy battles during the Belgrade offensive operation. Both combatants suffered from the same problems: heavy mountainous terrain; poor roads and infrastructure; and severe weather conditions. This is one of the few Soviet offensives which started without a large superiority of their forces over those of the enemy. The German soldiers were trained to fight in mountainous conditions, and the Soviets were not. The Soviet armament was more modern, but heavier. Additionally, it was not designed to move on the narrow and steep mountain roads. Therefore, the success of this offensive operation was unclear for a long time. The German Command was but a step away from turning Belgrade into a fortress, and slowing down the war in the region for months. The Soviet troops won, but as a result of very tough fighting. After Bulgaria joined the Allied forces, its military forces were subject to the command of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. The commander of the Front used this new ally to the max - thus conserving Soviet forces. There is also a short description of the activities of the Bulgarian troops, who undertook a secondary offensive from the Aegean Sea to the town of Nis in Southern Serbia. The book describes the operations of both ground and air forces. Special attention is paid to the Soviet tank and mechanized units which participated in both operations, and the book benefits from a detailed set of daily statistics and accompanying analysis which has not been attempted before. As well as a detailed narrative, the author also provides information covering camouflage, markings and unit insignia. The authoritative text is supported by more than 400 photographs (the majority of them previously unpublished); full-color profiles showing the aforementioned camouflage, markings and unit insignia; and also full-color battle maps. This book is a result of the author's years spent studying documents from the Russian Federation's Central Archives of the Ministry of Defense and the Bulgarian State Military Historical Archives. Such a detailed study on this topic has not appeared before - and the author's work is unlikely to be superseded.
Author: Alexander Hill Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1316720519 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 757
Book Description
In a definitive new account of the Soviet Union at war, Alexander Hill charts the development, successes and failures of the Red Army from the industrialisation of the Soviet Union in the late 1920s through to the end of the Great Patriotic War in May 1945. Setting military strategy and operations within a broader context that includes national mobilisation on a staggering scale, the book presents a comprehensive account of the origins and course of the war from the perspective of this key Allied power. Drawing on the latest archival research and a wealth of eyewitness testimony, Hill portrays the Red Army at war from the perspective of senior leaders and men and women at the front line to reveal how the Red Army triumphed over the forces of Nazi Germany and her allies on the Eastern Front, and why it did so at such great cost.
Author: Tamás Pálosfalvi Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9004375651 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 518
Book Description
In From Nicopolis to Mohács, Tamás Pálosfalvi offers an account of Ottoman-Hungarian warfare from its start in the late fourteenth century to the battle of Mohács in 1526.
Author: Ivo H. Daalder Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield ISBN: 9780815798422 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 370
Book Description
After eleven weeks of bombing in the spring of 1999, the United States and NATO ultimately won the war in Kosovo. Serbian troops were forced to withdraw, enabling an international military and political presence to take charge in the region. But was this war inevitable or was it the product of failed western diplomacy prior to the conflict? And once it became necessary to use force, did NATO adopt a sound strategy to achieve its aims of stabilizing Kosovo? In this first in-depth study of the Kosovo crisis, Ivo Daalder and Michael O'Hanlon answer these and other questions about the causes, conduct, and consequences of the war. Based on interviews with many of the key participants, they conclude that notwithstanding important diplomatic mistakes before the conflict, it would have been difficult to avoid the Kosovo war. That being the case, U.S. and NATO conduct of the war left much to be desired. For more than four weeks, the Serbs succeeded where NATO failed, forcefully changing Kosovo's ethnic balance by forcing 1.5 million Albanians from their home and more than 800,000 from the country. Had they chosen to massacre more of their victims, NATO would have been powerless to stop them. In the end, NATO won the war by increasing the scope and intensity of bombing, making serious plans for a ground invasion, and moving diplomacy into full gear in order to convince Belgrade that this was a war Serbia would never win. The Kosovo crisis is a cautionary tale for those who believe force can be used easily and in limited increments to stop genocide, mass killing, and the forceful expulsion of entire populations. Daalder and O'Hanlon conclude that the crisis holds important diplomatic and military lessons that must be learned so that others in the future might avoid the mistakes that were made in this case.
Author: John Erickson Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000305260 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 872
Book Description
This book traces Russian campaigns from the counterattack at Stalingrad to the fall of Berlin and the capture of Prague. It explores in detail Stalin's wartime relations with Roosevelt and Churchill and examines the evolution of his policies toward Poland and the Balkans.
Author: Charles River Charles River Editors
Author: Charles River Charles River Editors
Author: Source Wikipedia
Author: Kaloyan Matev
Author: Kaloyan Matev
Author: 
Author: Alexander Hill
Author: Tamás Pálosfalvi
Author: Андрей Алексеевич Сидоренко
Author: Ivo H. Daalder
Author: John Erickson