The association between HLA genes and autoimmune liver disease PDF Download

Author: Yun Ma
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832520006
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 127

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Author: James Neuberger
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119532604
Category : Medical
Languages : de
Pages : 336

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Book Description
A practical guide to autoimmune liver diseases through pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management In Autoimmune Liver Disease Management and Clinical Practice, practitioners will learn about the current state of autoimmune liver disease and how to focus on their diagnosis and treatment. The four-part book begins with a thorough investigation of current immunological thinking as it relates to the autoimmunity of the liver. It also covers the four major hepatic autoimmune liver diseases in both adults and children, their management and the role of liver transplantation, and learned approaches to patient management and empowerment. Expert authors in the field have come together to provide a thorough examination of autoimmune liver disease to help support clinicians assisting patients. The text provides an in-depth look at topics including: ● The four major hepatic autoimmune liver diseases, their diagnosis, and potential disease management ● The use (and misuse) of autoantibodies in diagnosis and treatment ● The role and timing of liver transplantation and the impact of recurrent autoimmune liver disease as well as de novo autoimmune hepatitis ● Optimal approaches to managing patients and keeping care personalised With breadth, depth and current-day relevance, Autoimmune Liver Disease sheds light on recent developments in management of liver disease for practitioners, nurses, and health care professionals.

Author: Edward L. Krawitt
Publisher: Elsevier Science Health Science Division
ISBN: 9780444828033
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 656

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Book Description
The second edition, which appears seven years after the first, is a more comprehensive text and addresses the many recent advances in basic and clinical science applicable to autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune aspects of viral-, drug- and alcohol-induced liver disease and hepatocellular cancer. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment are discussed in depth in light of current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of autoimmunity as it applies to liver disease.

Author: P.A. Berg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780792387305
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Book Description
No standard pharmacological treatments have been developed yet for the diseases, which are expected to become more prevalent because of growing rates of exposure to a increased variety of xenobiotics from diets, medicines, and the environment. Immunologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and clinicians here share their understanding of the disease's etiology and relation to extra-hepatic factors. Among basic mechanisms of pathogenesis they consider are tolerance and autoimmunity, receptor-mediated experimental hepatic apoptosis, and lessons from animal models. The clinical aspects discussed include genetic aspects, natural course and long-term outcome, the distinction between autoimmune and viral liver diseases, and immunosuppressive therapy. The 12 papers were presented at a January 1997 workshop in Konstanz, Germany. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author: Paola Grasso Bronson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 334

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Book Description
Collectively autoimmune diseases constitute a major burden to society. Though the etiology of autoimmune diseases remain largely unknown, evidence supports a substantial genetic component. For many autoimmune diseases, twin studies demonstrate a dramatically higher disease concordance rate in monozygotic twins than in dizygotic twins. Genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on the short arm of chromosome 6, particularly the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes, are strongly associated with risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). The MHC class II transactivator gene (CIITA, also called MHC2TA), located on the short arm of chromosome 16, encodes an important transcription factor (CIITA) regulating the genes required for HLA class II MHC-restricted antigen presentation. Thus CIITA is a strong biological candidate for studies of autoimmune disease. Directly adjacent to CIITA lies the C-type lectin domain family 16, member A gene (CLEC16A, previously called KIAA0350). CLEC16A is a sugar binding receptor containing a putative immunoreceptor and was recently identified as a novel T1D and MS susceptibility locus through genomewide association (GWA) studies. HLA may also influence susceptibility to autoimmune disease through other inherited and noninherited mechanisms, in addition to genetic transmission of risk alleles. Evidence for increased maternal-offspring HLA compatibility and differences in both maternal vs. paternal transmission rates (parent-of-origin effects) and nontransmission rates (noninherited maternal antigen (NIMA) effects) in autoimmune diseases have been reported. The investigation described in this dissertation tested hypotheses that (1) the CIITA -168A/G promoter polymorphism (rs3087456) influences susceptibility to RA (Chapter 2); (2) common genetic variation in CIITA influences susceptibility to RA in a case-control study (Chapter 3); (3) common genetic variation in CIITA influences susceptibility to SLE or specific secondary SLE phenotypes (Chapter 4); (4) common genetic variation in CIITA influences susceptibility to MS (Chapter 5); (5) common genetic variation in CLEC16A influences susceptibility to RA (Chapter 6); (6) the HLA class II DRB1 locus influences susceptibility to SLE through maternal-offspring HLA compatibility, parent-of-origin and NIMA effects (Chapter 7); and (7) the HLA classical loci influence susceptibility to T1D through maternal-offspring HLA compatibility, parent-of-origin and NIMA effects (Chapter 8). This dissertation includes the first study to fully characterize common genetic variation in CIITA and CLEC16A, including assesment of haplotypes, sex-specific effects, secondary clinical phenotypes and HLA risk alleles. Results do not provide evidence for association between CIITA and RA or SLE or for association between CLEC16A and RA. Interestingly, this study revealed evidence for an association between the CIITA missense mutation rs4774 and increased risk for MS in the presence of the HLA-DRB1*1501 risk allele. There was no linkage disequilibrium between CIITA and CLEC16A, and the observed association between CIITA and MS in the presence of HLA-DRB1*1501 was independent of the association between CLEC16A and MS. The first studies to examine maternal-offspring HLA compatibility in T1D and HLA-DRB1 parent-of-origin and NIMA effects in SLE, and the largest study to examine maternal-offspring HLA compatibility in SLE and HLA parent-of-origin and NIMA effects in T1D were also performed. No evidence that the HLA-DRB1 locus influences risk for SLE or that the classical HLA loci influence risk for T1D through these novel biological phenomena was revealed.

Author: Robert Lechler
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 506

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Book Description
This comprehensive and definitive work succeeds and expands on the highly successful HLA and Disease published in 1994. This new edition has been updated, redesigned and reorganised into three sections making it an invaluable reference. The introductory section summarises current knowledge on the structure, function, genetics and evolution of the HLA system. It clarifies its complex and ever changing nomenclature and discusses the mechanisms underlying disease associations with HLA alleles. The second section deals with the importance of HLA in the context of different clinical specialities. Individual chapters describe the association between HLA polymorphism and each disease. The final section features chapters on current laboratory practice in histocompatibility and tissue typing. HLA in Health and Disease is essential reading for basic and clinical researchers working in immunology and immunogenetics, transplantation medicine and autoimmunity. It will also be of interest to anyone in the fields of rheumatology, diabetology, nephrology, allergy, dermatology, neurology, endocrinology, cancer biology, respiratory medicine, haematology, molecular biology and biochemistry. Key Features Structure, function and genetics of HLA HLA nomenclature Evolution of HLA polymorphisms HLA associations in arthritis and rheumatology, renal disease, neurology, diabetes and endocrinology, gastroenterology, respiratory disease, ophthalmology, infections, dermatology and psychiatry HLA and organ transplantation Serological and PCR-based methods in HLA typing Cellular techniques in testing histocompatibility Edited and written by an international panel of experts in the field

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128173173
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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Book Description
Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Volume 85, the newest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology series, presents a variety of chapters from the best authors in the field. Chapters in this new release include Cell death mechanisms in DILI, Mitochondria in DILI, Primary hepatocytes and their cultures for the testing of drug-induced liver injury, MetaHeps an alternate approach to identify IDILI, Autophagy and DILI, Biomarkers and DILI, Regeneration and DILI, Drug-induced liver injury in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Mechanisms of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury, the Evaluation and Treatment of Acetaminophen Toxicity, and much more. - Includes the authority and expertise of leading contributors in pharmacology - Presents the latest release in the Advances in Pharmacology series

Author: Frederick J. Suchy
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108911374
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 875

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Book Description
Liver disease in children is increasing in prevalence, placing a huge burden on healthcare systems and often requiring long-term management. Offering an integrative approach to the science and clinical practice of pediatric hepatology, this is the definitive reference text for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies. In the new edition of this authoritative text, chapters have been thoroughly revised in line with major advances in the field, such as recognizing the increased frequency of fatty liver disease, and how genetic testing has the potential to establish earlier diagnoses for a variety of diseases. Disorders covered include cholestasis, metabolic disorders and hepatitis, with their presentation across the spectrum of infancy, childhood and adolescence discussed. The indications and surgical aspects of liver transplant are explained and post-transplant care is described in detail. This is a valuable resource for pediatricians, hepatologists, gastroenterologists and all clinicians involved in the care of children with liver diseases.

Author: Robert Lechler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 210

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Book Description
This text describes the genetics and products of the HLA region and their relationship to diseases including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and SLE. The statistical principles relevant to the design and interpretation of HLA and disease studies are presented in simple and accessible language.

Author: M. Eric Gershwin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 331902096X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 482

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Book Description
Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition begins with important information about the epidemiology and mortality of liver disease worldwide. This information is followed by chapters related to basic immunology, application of liver immunology for diagnosis, and several excellent chapters that provide a solid foundation for understanding immune-mediated liver disease, including those associated with the biliary tree. A chapter on non-hepatic manifestations of immune mediated liver disease helps provide context for how these diseases affect the patient overall. In addition, chapters discuss various discrete immunologically-mediated infectious liver disorders including those related to bacteria, parasites, and all of the classic viruses. Chapters on the traditional autoimmune liver diseases -- primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis as well as overlap syndrome – are also included. The breadth of this comprehensive second edition is highlighted by chapters on alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced liver disease, among others. This invaluable new edition ends with a forward-looking view of future directions and how the field might meet the challenge of refractory patients. Developed by a renowned group of authors, Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition will again serve as a comprehensive textbook by providing an excellent overview for this rapidly evolving field. It greatly adds to the understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, while also providing novel insights that can be harnessed into helping improve the care of patients afflicted with various immune-mediated diseases. This volume will again be a must-read for clinicians at all levels, investigators and students.