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Author: Ari Martin Laakso Publisher: ISBN: Category : Reindeer farming Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
"The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between managerial decisions and the actions of reindeer herders in order establish an understanding of the current decision-base used in reindeer herding management. The relationships are considered from the point of view of the reindeer herders and the reindeer-herding livelihood. This participatory approach is useful because the emphasis is laid on the people being affected by the managerial decisions, which are central in solving the problems of current reindeer herding. The theory of Rapid Rural Appraisal created by Robert Chambers has inspired the approach and methodology used in this study. In the empirical part, the relationships between separate managerial decisions supported by research, and the actions of reindeer herders are outlined, and the outcomes of these relationships are considered empirically through quotations made by reindeer herders. Twenty-three active herders from thirteen different reindeer herding co-operatives around the Finnish reindeer herding area have been interviewed for this study. In the study there is strong evidence that the social and cultural dimension of reindeer herding have been absent from managerial decisions. This is also the case with supporting reindeer research. Reindeer herding management and research has been focusing on the ecological system, mainly on pastures and number of reindeer, but not on understanding the social and cultural mechanisms supporting the livelihood. In addition, there is also evidence that the reindeer-herding livelihood has no independent interest organisation promoting the livelihood's interests. This further reduces the possibilities to influence issues of great interest to the livelihood and its members. The main result of this study is that there is a need for a paradigm shift towards a more participatory approach in reindeer herding management and research. Reindeer herding should be viewed by management and research as human activity and not only as an ecological process. It is through understanding the adaptive responses by the reindeer herders to change that the current problems of reindeer herding can be solved. There is therefore a need to incorporate the social and cultural dimension of reindeer herding into both reindeer herding management and supporting reindeer research"--Leaf 1.
Author: Ari Martin Laakso Publisher: ISBN: Category : Reindeer farming Languages : en Pages : 256
Book Description
"The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between managerial decisions and the actions of reindeer herders in order establish an understanding of the current decision-base used in reindeer herding management. The relationships are considered from the point of view of the reindeer herders and the reindeer-herding livelihood. This participatory approach is useful because the emphasis is laid on the people being affected by the managerial decisions, which are central in solving the problems of current reindeer herding. The theory of Rapid Rural Appraisal created by Robert Chambers has inspired the approach and methodology used in this study. In the empirical part, the relationships between separate managerial decisions supported by research, and the actions of reindeer herders are outlined, and the outcomes of these relationships are considered empirically through quotations made by reindeer herders. Twenty-three active herders from thirteen different reindeer herding co-operatives around the Finnish reindeer herding area have been interviewed for this study. In the study there is strong evidence that the social and cultural dimension of reindeer herding have been absent from managerial decisions. This is also the case with supporting reindeer research. Reindeer herding management and research has been focusing on the ecological system, mainly on pastures and number of reindeer, but not on understanding the social and cultural mechanisms supporting the livelihood. In addition, there is also evidence that the reindeer-herding livelihood has no independent interest organisation promoting the livelihood's interests. This further reduces the possibilities to influence issues of great interest to the livelihood and its members. The main result of this study is that there is a need for a paradigm shift towards a more participatory approach in reindeer herding management and research. Reindeer herding should be viewed by management and research as human activity and not only as an ecological process. It is through understanding the adaptive responses by the reindeer herders to change that the current problems of reindeer herding can be solved. There is therefore a need to incorporate the social and cultural dimension of reindeer herding into both reindeer herding management and supporting reindeer research"--Leaf 1.
Author: Bruce C. Forbes Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540313923 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 405
Book Description
The findings presented in this volume represent a concerted effort to develop a more inclusive form of reindeer management for northernmost Europe. Our guiding principle has been to foster a new paradigm of participatory research. We wish to move beyond the historical reliance on western approaches to basic and applied science. These have been concerned prim- ily with interactions between herded animals and the various components of their biophysical environment, e. g. , plants, insects, predators, climate, and others. In our view,sociocultural and economic drivers,along with herders’ experience-based knowledge,gain equal currency in the effort to understand how management may mitigate against the negative aspects of the challenges modern herding faces, while also exploring concepts of sustainability from different perspectives (see also Jernsletten and Klokov 2002; Kankaanpää et al. 2002; Ulvevadet and Klokov 2004). This broadening of the pool of disciplines and local,national,and int- national stakeholders in policy-relevant research invariably complicates v- tually all aspects of the research process. Multidisciplinary or, in our sense, transdisciplinary approaches also require extraordinary effort from all p- ticipants if they are to succeed. As such, those approaches should not be undertaken lightly, nor without personnel who possess appropriate expe- ence in cooperating with those of different disciplines and, preferably, also with relevant practitioners and public social and administrative institutions. In such settings the potential for misunderstandings is quite high.
Author: Charlie Karlsson Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1781002843 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 426
Book Description
This book highlights the role of entrepreneurship, social capital and governance for regional economic development. In recent decades, many researchers have claimed that entrepreneurship is the most critical factor in sustaining regional economic growth. However, most entrepreneurship research is undertaken without considering the fundamental importance of the regional context. Other research has emphasized the role of social capital but there are substantial problems in empirically relating measures of social capital to regional economic development. The expert contributors to this work highlight the role of governance in regional growth, an area that has so far been relatively under-researched, underpinning their findings with new theoretical and empirical evidence. They conclude that the relationship between entrepreneurship, social capital and governance in factors affecting regional economic development are complex and interdependent, and that to influence these factors and the relationship between them, policymakers must have a long-term perspective and be both patient and persistent in their efforts. This enlightening book will be of great interest to academics, students and researchers across a range of fields including regional science, regional economics, economic geography, regional planning, public policy, entrepreneurship, political science and economic sociology. Policymakers involved in regional policymaking from national down to regional and local levels will also find the book to be an illuminating read.
Author: Kamrul Hossain Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000095274 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 313
Book Description
This book explores the challenges facing food security, sustainability, sovereignty, and supply chains in the Arctic, with a specific focus on Indigenous Peoples. Offering multidisciplinary insights and with a particular focus on populations in the European High North region, the book highlights the importance of accessible and sustainable traditional foods for the dietary needs of local and Indigenous Peoples. It focuses on foods and natural products that are unique to this region and considers how they play a significant role towards food security and sovereignty. The book captures the tremendous complexity facing populations here as they strive to maintain sustainable food systems – both subsistent and commercial – and regain sovereignty over traditional food production policies. A range of issues are explored including food contamination risks, due to increasing human activities in the region, such as mining, to changing livelihoods and gender roles in the maintenance of traditional food security and sovereignty. The book also considers processing methods that combine indigenous and traditional knowledge to convert the traditional foods, that are harvested and hunted, into local foods. This book offers a broader understanding of food security and sovereignty and will be of interest to academics, scholars and policy makers working in food studies; geography and environmental studies; agricultural studies; sociology; anthropology; political science; health studies and biology.
Author: Hugh Beach Publisher: ISBN: Category : Animal industry Languages : en Pages : 592
Book Description
Applies certain fundamental principles derived from communications theory and systems analysis to a discussion of changes in reindeer-herd management based on study of the historical development of one particular, mountain-Saami, herding unit, Tuorpon.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Reindeer Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
"'The Challenges of Modernity For Reindeer Management' (RENMAN) was a 36-month research and development project funded under the EU's 5th Framework Programme from February 2001 to January 2004. More than 35 scientists and students in the natural, physical and social sciences participated, coming from nine partner institutes in five countries, in addition to the active participation of many reindeer herders in northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and northwest Russia (Murmansk region). This report summarizes the findings from the 10 workpackages that encompassed the main research tasks. The main goals have been to develop a participatory model of research that involves herders directly in the research process and values their knowledge alongside that of traditional scientists working in the field and in the laboratory. In this way the project has developed scenarios and management proposals concerning the future of reindeer management in northernmost Europe"--Page 4 of cover
Author: Michael Stephen Koskey Publisher: ISBN: Category : Reindeer herding Languages : en Pages : 614
Book Description
"Reindeer herding throughout the circumpolar North is in decline. Investigating this decline, this dissertation takes a comparative approach with a focus on four case studies: the Chukchi of Chukotskii Peninsula, the Iñupiat of the Seward Peninsula, the Saami of the Kola Peninsula, and the Saami of Finnmark. Because various rates and types of decline are occurring in these different cases, a comparative method leads to a systematic analysis of how patterns develop in the practice of contemporary reindeer herding, both locally and globally. Comparing and contrasting the trajectories of declines in reindeer herding identifies and explains the dimensions of specific local-global processes, and situates them in wider contexts. These dimensions include economic incompatibilities, ecological stresses, and power inequities. By focusing on changes in reindeer herding over the last decade, this study reveals the effects of the incorporation of reindeer herding into the global economy, which is heavily dependent on existing infrastructure. This study also demonstrates the social position of reindeer herders and the cultural meaning of reindeer herding to the herders themselves. The willingness of regional and national governments to subsidize herding, and to ensure its survival through consistent access to pastures, is critically important to the success of reindeer herding as a productive agricultural enterprise. Furthermore, changing ecological factors potentially threaten reindeer herding as a subsistence activity. The consequences of decline, then, are explained through the identification of decline-inducing factors, such as ecological change, political vagaries, and the inappropriateness of reindeer herding as a capital-based enterprise under existing conditions of market and transportation infrastructural development"--Leaves iii-iv.
Author: Morten Tryland Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0429952430 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 534
Book Description
This book is a comprehensive presentation of health and diseases in reindeer and caribou, or just Rangifer, a key Circumarctic species with broad social and ecological value. It is an essential reference for anyone interested in the biology and health of wild or semi-domesticated reindeer and caribou, and is more broadly relevant for those with interests in other species of free-ranging and captive cervids. Beginning with a general introduction to Rangifer as a species, it then focuses on Rangifer "health" as a concept and describes the determinants of health at an individual and population level. Chapters cover a range of topics from nutrition and feeding to stress, non-infectious and infectious diseases, meat hygiene, capture and restraint, diagnosis and treatment of health issues, and finally, potential impacts of climate change on health of Rangifer. Reindeer and Caribou: Health and Disease compiles extensive research and experience-based information on issues ranging from drug doses for chemical immobilization, blood chemistry values, and raising an orphaned calf. In addition, it contains hundreds of high quality colour illustrations that contribute to its value as a diagnostic resource for recognizing various parasites, pathogens and signs of disease, both in live and dead animals. Each chapter is followed by a comprehensive list of references and a list of contact information for all the contributors, identifying world experts in the different areas of health for this circumpolar and fascinating species. This book is compulsory reading and an indispensable resource for anyone dealing with health in reindeer and caribou, including veterinarians, wildlife biologists and managers, reindeer herders/game ranchers, zoological husbandry personnel, and students with wildlife health.
Author: Ari Martin Laakso
Author: Ari Martin Laakso
Author: Bruce C. Forbes
Author: Charlie Karlsson
Author: Kamrul Hossain
Author: Hugh Beach
Author: Nick Bernard
Author: 
Author: Michael Stephen Koskey
Author: Morten Tryland
Author: Lydia Heikkilä