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Author: U. S. General Accounting Office Publisher: Cosimo, Inc. ISBN: 1596051817 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
Cutting off terrorists' funding is essential to deterring terrorist operations. The USA PATRIOT Act expanded the ability of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to access and share financial information regarding terrorist investigations, but terrorists may have adjusted their activities by increasing use of alternative financial mechanisms.- Why GAO Did This Study, Terrorist FinancingThis report originally issued by the U.S. General Accounting Office finds that terrorists use many alternative-financing mechanisms to earn, move, and store assets. They earn assets by selling contraband cigarettes and illicit drugs, by misusing charitable organizations that collect large donations, and by other means.Topics in TERRORIST FINANCING include: .Terrorists use of various alternative financing mechanisms and the extent of use.Key U.S. government entities responsible for deterring terrorist financing.Challenges that impede U.S. monitoring of terrorists' use of financing mechanisms.U.S. Agency comments and evaluations, including conclusions and recommendations for U.S. Executive ActionIn conducting this review, the General Accounting Office examined and interviewed officials from U.S. agencies, including the Departments of Justice, the Treasury, Homeland Security, State, and Defense, as well as form the intelligence community. Also information was assessed information provided from various non-governmental organizations, industry and charitable associations, researchers in the field, and the United Nations.
Author: U. S. General Accounting Office Publisher: Cosimo, Inc. ISBN: 1596051817 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
Cutting off terrorists' funding is essential to deterring terrorist operations. The USA PATRIOT Act expanded the ability of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to access and share financial information regarding terrorist investigations, but terrorists may have adjusted their activities by increasing use of alternative financial mechanisms.- Why GAO Did This Study, Terrorist FinancingThis report originally issued by the U.S. General Accounting Office finds that terrorists use many alternative-financing mechanisms to earn, move, and store assets. They earn assets by selling contraband cigarettes and illicit drugs, by misusing charitable organizations that collect large donations, and by other means.Topics in TERRORIST FINANCING include: .Terrorists use of various alternative financing mechanisms and the extent of use.Key U.S. government entities responsible for deterring terrorist financing.Challenges that impede U.S. monitoring of terrorists' use of financing mechanisms.U.S. Agency comments and evaluations, including conclusions and recommendations for U.S. Executive ActionIn conducting this review, the General Accounting Office examined and interviewed officials from U.S. agencies, including the Departments of Justice, the Treasury, Homeland Security, State, and Defense, as well as form the intelligence community. Also information was assessed information provided from various non-governmental organizations, industry and charitable associations, researchers in the field, and the United Nations.
Author: Nathan Brooks Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 1437985149 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
Stopping the ability of terrorists to finance their operations is a key component of the U.S. counter-terrorism strategy. To accomplish this, the Bush Administration implemented a three-tiered approach based on: (1) intelligence and domestic legal and regulatory efforts; (2) technical assistance to provide capacity-building programs for U.S. allies; and (3) global efforts to create international norms and guidelines. Effective implementation of this strategy requires the participation of, and coordination among, several elements of the U.S. Government. This report provides an agency-by-agency survey of U.S. efforts as of August 2005. This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find publication.
Author: U S Government Accountability Office (G Publisher: BiblioGov ISBN: 9781289271206 Category : Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
Cutting off terrorists' funding is essential to deterring terrorist operations. The USA PATRIOT Act expanded the ability of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to access and share financial information regarding terrorist investigations, but terrorists may have adjusted their activities by increasing use of alternative financing mechanisms. GAO was asked to assess (1) the nature of terrorists' use of key alternative financing mechanisms for earning, moving, and storing terrorists' assets; (2) what is known about the extent of terrorists' use of alternative financing mechanisms; and (3) challenges that the U.S. government faces in monitoring terrorists' use of alternative financing mechanisms.
Author: Loren Yager Publisher: DIANE Publishing ISBN: 9780756740788 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
Cutting off terrorists' funding is essential to deterring terrorist operations. The USA PATRIOT Act expanded the ability of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to access and share financial information regarding terrorist investigations, but terrorists may have adjusted their activities by increasing use of alternative financing mechanisms (AFM). This report assesses: (1) the nature of terrorists' use of key AFM for earning, moving, and storing terrorists' assets; (2) what is known about the extent of terrorists' use of AFM; and (3) challenges that the U.S. government faces in monitoring terrorists' use of AFM. This report examines these issues and also makes recommendations for the Dir. of the FBI, the Sec. of the Treasury, and the IRS Commissioner. Tables.
Author: Jimmy Gurulé Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1848446063 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 433
Book Description
Jimmy Gurulé knows how to bankrupt terrorists like few others do. As Undersecretary of the Treasury for Enforcement, he spearheaded the fight against al-Qaeda s global bank accounts, helping to earn the highest grade awarded on the 9/11 Commissioners report card. As an author, he performs once again. Unfunding Terror provides policymakers and laymen alike a clear roadmap on how to keep terrorists out of the global financial system. Timothy J. Roemer, Center for National Policy, former US Congressman and member of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11 Commission) Jimmy Gurulé has given us a superbly comprehensive and well-written assessment of why, regarding terrorism, Deep Throat s principle is bang on: follow the money. R. James Woolsey, venture partner, VantagePoint, and former Director of Central Intelligence, US A detailed study by a true scholar-practitioner, Unfunding Terror explains the legal response to terror finance in language accessible to both the expert and layman. Required reading. Matthew Levitt, Director, Stein Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy and former Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Intelligence and Analysis, US Professor Gurulé is comprehensive: he describes the problem (terrorist funding by those in the free world), analyzes the legal responses (make it a crime, freeze terrorist assets, impose regulations on financial institutions), critiques the administration s and international community s efforts to unfund terrorists (political rhetoric, not in fact backed up with effective strategies or implementation), and outlines concrete legal and administrative remedies. Would that they to whom the recommendations are addressed act on them quickly. Too much is at stake to let terrorists, who condemn the West as corrupt, get their funding to attack the US and its allies from the West itself. That would be a form of social suicide. G. Robert Blakey, Notre Dame Law School, US The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks that claimed the lives of 2,973 innocent civilians required as much as $500,000 to stage. At the time, al Qaeda was operating on an annual budget of between $30 and $50 million. However, despite the obvious fact that terrorists need money to terrorize, preventing the financing of terrorism was not a priority for the United States or the international community prior to 9/11. Jimmy Gurulé, former Under Secretary for Enforcement in the US Department of the Treasury, provides the first book-length, comprehensive analysis of the legal regime that evolved following the terrorist attacks. The book begins with a discussion of how shutting down the pipelines of funding is as important as dismantling the terrorist cells themselves. Next, the book covers the various means and methods used by terrorist groups to raise money, and examines how money is transferred globally to finance their lethal activities. The principal components of the legal strategy to disrupt the financing of terrorism are then discussed and evaluated. Unfortunately, the author concludes that the legal regime has met with mixed results, and finds that the sense of urgency to deprive terrorists of funding that existed following 9/11 has since dissipated. As a result, international efforts to freeze terrorist assets have dramatically declined. Moreover, the US Department of Justice has suffered several embarrassing and disappointing legal defeats in prosecuting major terrorist financiers. The author provides numerous recommendations to Congress, the Executive Branch, and the UN Security Council for strengthening the legal regime to deny terrorists the money needed to wage global jihad, acquire weapons of mass destruction, and launch another terrorist attack on the scale of 9/11. Unfunding Terror fills an important gap in the literature and will be essential reading for counter-terrorism experts, law enforcement and national se
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 348
Author: Michael Jacobson Publisher: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research ISBN: 9948140117 Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Confronting the multiple national security threats facing the world today demands not only close international cooperation but also coordinated national strategies that employ all elements of national power. Such a strategy recognizes that no one specific tool will deter, disrupt or prevent the illicit activities of terrorists, proliferators, insurgents, organized criminals or other transnational threats, and that employing a variety of instruments in a coordinated fashion is likely to produce the best results. However, one tool that shows particular promise, especially when used in concert with other policy tools, is combating the financing of transnational threats. Combating illicit financing can be effective, depending on the target, at three levels: deterrence, prevention and disruption. Freezing terrorist funds, for example, has a deterrent effect on major donors, pressing financiers to rethink their support because of the potential hindrance to their day-to-day business activities. Countering terrorist financing will not dry up all the funding available to terrorists, but it is an effective and efficient means of constricting our adversaries’ operating environment by making it difficult to fund illicit activities. The financial sector provides reliable and substantive intelligence to investigators tracing money both upstream and downstream, from funding sources to potential operators. Following the “money trail” enables authorities to thwart attacks, and despite the difficulty of permanently disabling terrorist entities, disrupting their financial transactions constrains their ability to function. Weapons proliferation, especially in the area of missile technology and weapons of mass destruction (WMD), is extremely expensive. Similarly, insurgencies require significant funding, as do organized terrorist groups, which require extensive resources to train, equip and pay operatives; bribe officials; support members’ families; secure materials; and publicly promote their cause. Since even inexpensive attacks require funding, small-scale interventions can effectively thwart terrorists if they are unable to access necessary funds when and where they need them. Since the 9/11 attacks the terrorist threat has evolved structurally and financially. Globalization has exponentially increased the flow of transactions through the international financial system, in part making it easier to conduct illicit transactions in plain sight.
Author: Department of Department of the Treasury Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781533159298 Category : Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
After the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the United States adopted a preventive approach to combating all forms of terrorist activity. Efforts to combat the financing of terrorism (CFT) are a central pillar of this approach. Cutting off financial support to terrorists and terrorist organizations is essential to disrupting their operations and preventing attacks. To that end, the U.S. government has sought to identify and disrupt ongoing terrorist financing (TF) and to prevent future TF. The law enforcement community, including various components of the U.S. Departments of Justice, Homeland Security, and the Treasury, along with the intelligence community and the federal functional regulators, applies robust authorities to identify, investigate, and combat specific TF threats, enforce compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and prosecute supporters in order to deter would-be terrorist financiers. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (Treasury), which leads financial and regulatory CFT efforts for the U.S. government, employs targeted financial sanctions, formulates systemic safeguards, and seeks to increase financial transparency to make accessing the U.S. financial system more difficult and risky for terrorists and their facilitators. All of these efforts involve extensive international engagement to try to prevent any form of TF, particularly financing that does not necessarily originate in the United States, from accessing the U.S. financial system.
Author: U. S. General Accounting Office
Author: U. S. General Accounting Office
Author: Nathan Brooks
Author: U S Government Accountability Office (G
Author: Loren Yager
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Financial Services
Author: 
Author: Jimmy Gurulé
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs
Author: Michael Jacobson
Author: Department of Department of the Treasury