Temporal Encoding and Processing of Information in the Auditory Nerve and Anteroventral Cochlear Nucleus of the Cat PDF Download

Author: Laurel H. Carney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 424

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Author: Xiaoqin Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 650

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Author: Donata Oertel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475736541
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444

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Book Description
A summary of how the electrical signals used to represent sounds are encoded and interpreted through the integrated roles of various nuclei. This volume builds on the information about the anatomy and physiology of the auditory pathway found in volumes 1 and 2 of the SHAR series. While the first two volumes describe the structure and function of auditory pathways, this one explains how these pathways lead to an animal's ability to localize and interpret sounds.

Author: Joseph M. Miller
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461232562
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 416

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Book Description
This volume describes a new direction in technological and biomedical developments for profoundly deaf individuals. The first section covers topics of tissue characteristics, such as responses to electrical stimulation and computer modelling of cochlea currents. Perception of acoustic signals, responses and behavioral pattern as well as psychophysical aspects are treated in the second part. Part III is addressed to perspectives and challenges of encoding schemes. Reports on studies of acoustic and electrical encoding of temporal information, speech features with cochlear implants as well as psychophysical and speech perceptual studies will allow further strategies for cochlea implants.

Author: George R. Hanna
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ear
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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Book Description
A number of first and second order neurons of the guinea pig auditory system were studied extensively in an attempt to determine the method by which information is conveyed. Single neuron electrophysiological techniques with anatomical controls were used in the study and in response to several different stimuli, various response patterns were observed. Statistical methods of analysis, using a digital computer, were employed. Each fiber in the auditory nerve appears to convey only fragmentary information; therefore, the information carried by a number of fibers is required to extract all the information about a single signal. The data suggest that a pulse density modulation system of encoding is used, in which the 'carrier' appears to be the irregular spontaneous background activity, the pulse density of which is actively increased and decreased to convey information about both pitch and loudness. The system appears to be much more sensitive to sound changes than to absolute values. For example, pulse density correlated far better with rate-of-change of stimulus intensity than with absolute levels of intensity. In addition to frequency and amplitude, the interval between successive stimuli may be an important parameter of stimulation.

Author: Li Deng
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482276232
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 752

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Based on years of instruction and field expertise, this volume offers the necessary tools to understand all scientific, computational, and technological aspects of speech processing. The book emphasizes mathematical abstraction, the dynamics of the speech process, and the engineering optimization practices that promote effective problem solving in this area of research and covers many years of the authors' personal research on speech processing. Speech Processing helps build valuable analytical skills to help meet future challenges in scientific and technological advances in the field and considers the complex transition from human speech processing to computer speech processing.

Author: Nelson Yuan-sheng Kiang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acoustic nerve
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Author: Grace I. Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 158

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Traditional models for pitch processing have relied either on a purely spatial representation based on the frequency selectivity and frequency-to-place mapping in the cochlea, or on a purely temporal representation dependent on neural phase locking to the stimulus period. However, rate-place cues to the pitch of harmonic complex tones in the auditory nerve (AN) saturate at high levels, and temporal cues fail to predict the strong pitch of resolved harmonics. Thus, neither pitch representation accounts for all key psychophysical observations. Recently, it has been shown that the AN also contains spatio-temporal cues to the individual harmonics of a complex tone that might be used in pitch extraction and are more consistent with psychophysical data (Cedolin 2006) This thesis aims to evaluate whether these cues are extracted in cochlear nucleus (CN) neurons, which receive inputs from AN fibers. We used transient complex stimuli ("Huffman sequences") designed to manipulate the relative timing between adjacent AN fibers to evaluate sensitivity of CN units to the spatio-temporal pattern of their inputs. A small minority of units were sensitive to the stimulus manipulations, with only a few sensitive in the direction consistent with cross-frequency coincidence detection. We also measured the strength of the rate representation for the pitch of harmonic complex tones in CN units and found a few units that maintained salient pitch cues at high stimulus levels. However there was no obvious correlation between spatio-temporal sensitivity and robust pitch cues. Instead of a conversion of spatio-temporal cues in the AN into rate cues, our results indicate that temporal sharpening occurs at the level of the CN.

Author: Miguel A. Merchán
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461529328
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 525

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Book Description
The presence of sophisticated auditory processing in mammals has permitted perhaps the most significant evolutionary development in humans: that of language. An understanding of the neural basis of hearing is thus a starting point for elucidating the mechanisms that are essential to human communication. The cochlear nucleus is the first region of the brain to receive input from the inner ear and is therefore the earliest stage in the central nervous system at which auditory signals are processed for distribution to higher centers. Clarifying its role in the central auditory pathway is crucial to our knowledge of how the brain deals with complex stimuli such as speech, and is also essential for understanding the central effects of peripheral sensorineural hearing loss caused by, for example, aging, ototoxic drugs, and noise. Ambitious new developments to assist people with total sensorineural deafness, including both cochlear and cochleus nuclear implants, require a detailed knowledge of the neural signals received by the brainstem and how these are processed. Recently, many new data have been obtained on the structure and function of the cochlear nucleus utilizing combinations of anatomical, physiological, pharmacological and molecular biological procedures. Approaches such as intracellular dye-filling of physiologically identified neurons, localization of classical neurotransmitters, peptides, receptors and special proteins, or gene expression have opened the door to novel morphofunctional correlations.

Author: Raymond Romand
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0124081088
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 563

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Book Description
Development of Auditory and Vestibular Systems fourth edition presents a global and synthetic view of the main aspects of the development of the stato-acoustic system. Unique to this volume is the joint discussion of two sensory systems that, although close at the embryological stage, present divergences during development and later reveal conspicuous functional differences at the adult stage. This work covers the development of auditory receptors up to the central auditory system from several animal models, including humans. Coverage of the vestibular system, spanning amphibians to effects of altered gravity during development in different species, offers examples of the diversity and complexity of life at all levels, from genes through anatomical form and function to, ultimately, behavior. The new edition of Development of Auditory and Vestibular Systems will continue to be an indispensable resource for beginning scientists in this area and experienced researchers alike. - Full-color figures illustrate the development of the stato-acoustic system pathway - Covers a broad range of species, from drosophila to humans, demonstrating the diversity of morphological development despite similarities in molecular processes involved at the cellular level - Discusses a variety of approaches, from genetic-molecular biology to psychophysics, enabling the investigation of ontogenesis and functional development