Temperature Compensated CMOS and MEMS-CMOS Oscillators for Clock Generators and Frequency References PDF Download
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Author: Krishnakumar Sundaresan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 151
Book Description
The purpose of this dissertation is to explore alternatives to quartz crystal based solutions to system clocking. While quartz has inherent advantages in terms of stability and cost, the inability to manufacture quartz in a standard silicon process impedes goals of miniaturization and system integration. A closer look at clocking requirements reveals widely different specifications for various applications. In addition to traditional CMOS oscillators such as ring and LC oscillators, the recent advent of micromachining technologies and MEMS resonators has provided a miniaturized, silicon alternative to quartz with potentially comparable performance levels. This provides the system designer with an option to make a clocking solution that most suits the system needs.
Author: Krishnakumar Sundaresan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 151
Book Description
The purpose of this dissertation is to explore alternatives to quartz crystal based solutions to system clocking. While quartz has inherent advantages in terms of stability and cost, the inability to manufacture quartz in a standard silicon process impedes goals of miniaturization and system integration. A closer look at clocking requirements reveals widely different specifications for various applications. In addition to traditional CMOS oscillators such as ring and LC oscillators, the recent advent of micromachining technologies and MEMS resonators has provided a miniaturized, silicon alternative to quartz with potentially comparable performance levels. This provides the system designer with an option to make a clocking solution that most suits the system needs.
Author: Seyed Hossein Miri Lavasani Publisher: ISBN: Category : Microelectromechanical systems Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Frequency reference oscillator is a critical component of modern radio transceivers. Currently, most reference oscillators are based on low-frequency quartz crystals that are inherently bulky and incompatible with standard micro-fabrication processes. Moreover, their frequency limitation (200MHz) requires large up-conversion ratio in multigigahertz frequency synthesizers, which in turn, degrades the phase-noise. Recent advances in MEMS technology have made realization of high-frequency on-chip low phase-noise MEMS oscillators possible. Although significant research has been directed toward replacing quartz crystal oscillators with integrated micromechanical oscillators, their phase-noise performance is not well modeled. In addition, little attention has been paid to developing electronic frequency tuning techniques to compensate for temperature/process variation and improve the absolute frequency accuracy. The objective of this dissertation was to realize high-frequency temperature-compensated high-frequency (100MHz) micromechanical oscillators and study their phase-noise performance. To this end, low-power low-noise CMOS transimpedance amplifiers (TIA) that employ novel gain and bandwidth enhancement techniques are interfaced with high frequency (>100MHz) micromechanical resonators. The oscillation frequency is varied by a tuning network that uses frequency tuning enhancement techniques to increase the tuning range with minimal effect on the phase-noise performance. Taking advantage of extended frequency tuning range, and on-chip temperature-compensation circuitry is embedded with the sustaining circuitry to electronically temperature-compensate the oscillator. Finally, detailed study of the phase-noise in micromechanical oscillators is performed and analytical phase-noise models are derived.
Author: S. Mahdi Kashmiri Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461464730 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 219
Book Description
This book describes an alternative method of realizing accurate on-chip frequency references in standard CMOS processes. This method exploits the thermal-diffusivity of silicon, i.e. the rate at which heat diffuses through a silicon substrate. This is the first book describing the design of such electrothermal frequency references. It includes the necessary theory, supported by practical realizations that achieve inaccuracies as low as 0.1% and thus demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. The book also includes several circuit and system-level solutions to the precision circuit design challenges encountered during the design of such frequency references.
Author: Shiban Kishen Koul Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811694435 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 386
Book Description
This book presents the design of different switching and resonant devices using the present state-of-the-art radio frequency (RF) micromachining (MEMS) technology. Different topologies of MEMS switches have been discussed considering optimum performances over microwave to millimeter wave frequency range. Wide varieties of micromachined switching networks starting from single-pole-double-throw (SPDT) to single-pole-fourteen-throw (SP14T) are discussed utilizing vertical and lateral actuation movements of the switch. Different transduction mechanisms of micromachined resonators are highlighted that includes capacitive, piezoelectric, and piezoresistive types. The book provides major design guidelines for the development of MEMS-based digital phase shifters, tunable filters, and antennas with extensive measurement data. Apart from the radio frequency (RF) requirements, an extensive guideline is given for the improvement of the reliability of micromachined switches and digital phase shifters where multiple switches are operating simultaneously. It takes multiple iterations and extensive characterizations to conclude with a reliable MEMS digital phase shifter, and these aspects are given one of the prime attentions in this book. Detailed performance analysis of metamaterial inspired MEMS switches is then discussed for application in millimeter wave frequency bands up to about 170 GHz. The book concludes with future research activities of RF MEMS technology and its potential in space, defense, sensors, and biomedical applications.
Author: Krzysztof Iniewski Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118181476 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 632
Book Description
The book will address the-state-of-the-art in integrated circuit design in the context of emerging systems. New exciting opportunities in body area networks, wireless communications, data networking, and optical imaging are discussed. Emerging materials that can take system performance beyond standard CMOS, like Silicon on Insulator (SOI), Silicon Germanium (SiGe), and Indium Phosphide (InP) are explored. Three-dimensional (3-D) CMOS integration and co-integration with sensor technology are described as well. The book is a must for anyone serious about circuit design for future technologies. The book is written by top notch international experts in industry and academia. The intended audience is practicing engineers with integrated circuit background. The book will be also used as a recommended reading and supplementary material in graduate course curriculum. Intended audience is professionals working in the integrated circuit design field. Their job titles might be : design engineer, product manager, marketing manager, design team leader, etc. The book will be also used by graduate students. Many of the chapter authors are University Professors.
Author: Fei Yuan Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0429017693 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 140
Book Description
The book addresses the need to investigate new approaches to lower energy requirement in multiple application areas and serves as a guide into emerging circuit technologies. It explores revolutionary device concepts, sensors, and associated circuits and architectures that will greatly extend the practical engineering limits of energy-efficient computation. The book responds to the need to develop disruptive new system architecutres, circuit microarchitectures, and attendant device and interconnect technology aimed at achieving the highest level of computational energy efficiency for general purpose computing systems. Features Discusses unique technologies and material only available in specialized journal and conferences Covers emerging applications areas, such as ultra low power communications, emerging bio-electronics, and operation in extreme environments Explores broad circuit operation, ex. analog, RF, memory, and digital circuits Contains practical applications in the engineering field, as well as graduate studies Written by international experts from both academia and industry
Author: Fei Yuan Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441976809 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 294
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive treatment of CMOS circuits for passive wireless microsystems. Major topics include: an overview of passive wireless microsystems, design challenges of passive wireless microsystems, fundamental issues of ultra-low power wireless communications, radio-frequency power harvesting, ultra-low power modulators and demodulators, ultra-low power temperature-compensated current and voltage references, clock generation and remote calibration, and advanced design techniques for ultra low-power analog signal processing.
Author: Krishnakumar Sundaresan
Author: Krishnakumar Sundaresan
Author: Seyed Hossein Miri Lavasani
Author: S. Mahdi Kashmiri
Author: Shiban Kishen Koul
Author: Krzysztof Iniewski
Author: Dong-Jun Yang
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Fei Yuan
Author: Fei Yuan