Author: John D. FacklerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
Book Description
Taxes and the Rising Cost of Government
Author: John D. FacklerCost of Government in the United States
Author: National Industrial Conference BoardPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Debts, Public
Languages : en
Pages : 324
Book Description
Estimates of Federal Tax Expenditures
Author: United States. Department of the TreasuryPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Revenue
Languages : en
Pages : 12
Book Description
The Budget and Economic Outlook
Author: Making Money Matter
Author: National Research CouncilPublisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309172888
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
The United States annually spends over $300 billion on public elementary and secondary education. As the nation enters the 21st century, it faces a major challenge: how best to tie this financial investment to the goal of high levels of achievement for all students. In addition, policymakers want assurance that education dollars are being raised and used in the most efficient and effective possible ways. The book covers such topics as: Legal and legislative efforts to reduce spending and achievement gaps. The shift from "equity" to "adequacy" as a new standard for determining fairness in education spending. The debate and the evidence over the productivity of American schools. Strategies for using school finance in support of broader reforms aimed at raising student achievement. This book contains a comprehensive review of the theory and practice of financing public schools by federal, state, and local governments in the United States. It distills the best available knowledge about the fairness and productivity of expenditures on education and assesses options for changing the finance system.
Costs of Taxation and the Benefits of Public Goods
Author: Will MartinPublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Labor supply
Languages : en
Pages : 31
Book Description
The fact that raising taxes can increase taxed labor supply through income effects is frequently used to justify much lower measures of the marginal welfare cost of taxes and greater public good provision than indicated by traditional, compensated analyses. The authors confirm that this difference remains substantial with newer elasticity estimates, but show that either compensated or uncompensated measures of the marginal cost of funds can be used to evaluate the costs of taxation-and will provide the same result-as long as the income effects of both taxes and public good provision are incorporated in a consistent manner.
Expansionary Austerity New International Evidence
Author: Mr.Daniel LeighPublisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1455294691
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 41
Book Description
This paper investigates the short-term effects of fiscal consolidation on economic activity in OECD economies. We examine the historical record, including Budget Speeches and IMFdocuments, to identify changes in fiscal policy motivated by a desire to reduce the budget deficit and not by responding to prospective economic conditions. Using this new dataset, our estimates suggest fiscal consolidation has contractionary effects on private domestic demand and GDP. By contrast, estimates based on conventional measures of the fiscal policy stance used in the literature support the expansionary fiscal contractions hypothesis but appear to be biased toward overstating expansionary effects.
Oregon Blue Book
Author: Oregon. Office of the Secretary of StatePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Oregon
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Budget options
Author: United States. Congressional Budget OfficePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Budget
Languages : en
Pages : 380
Book Description
Political Costs of Tax-Based Consolidations
Author: Chuling ChenPublisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513525336
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 31
Book Description
This paper studies the impact of tax-based consolidations on reelection outcomes. Using a granular database of tax-based consolidations for a panel of 10 OECD countries over the last 40 years, we find that tax reforms are politically costly but some reforms are costlier than others. Measures aimed primarily at reducing existing deficits and debt are costlier than tax consolidation policies for improving long-term growth prospects. Electoral costs are particularly high for broad-based indirect tax and corporate tax reforms. Voters tend to penalize governments less if tax consolidations are announced early in the government’s term or if the government has a strong political mandate. Favorable economic conditions increase public support for tax-based consolidations. Personal income tax reforms are electorally salient if the reforms are frontloaded, announced during recessions, and in less progressive tax systems.