Author: Mehdi Azizi Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 012824514X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
Targeted Cancer Imaging: Design and Synthesis of Nanoplatforms based on Tumour Biology reviews and categorizes imaging and targeting approaches according to cancer type, highlighting new and safe approaches that involve membrane-coated nanoparticles, tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles, circulating tumor cells, cell-free DNAs, and cancer stem cells, all with the goal of pointing the way to developing precise targeting and multifunctional nanotechnology-based imaging probes in the future. This book is highly multidisciplinary, bridging the knowledge gap between tumor biology, nanotechnology, and diagnostic imaging, and thus making it suitable for researchers ranging from oncology to bioengineering. Although considerable efforts have been conducted to diagnose, improve and treat cancer in the past few decades, existing therapeutic options are insufficient, as mortality and morbidity rates remain high. One of the best hopes for substantial improvement lies in early detection. Recent advances in nanotechnology are expected to increase our current understanding of tumor biology, allowing nanomaterials to be used for targeting and imaging both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Gives understanding of cancer biology that is appropriate for students and researchers in engineering and nanotechnology Demonstrates cancer targeting strategies of multifunctional nanotechnology-based imaging probes Shows how to design, synthesize and apply cancer imaging nanostructures
Author: Tod W. Speer Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ISBN: 1451153260 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 564
Book Description
Radioimmunotherapy, also known as systemic targeted radiation therapy, uses antibodies, antibody fragments, or compounds as carriers to guide radiation to the targets. It is a topic rapidly increasing in importance and success in treatment of cancer patients. This book represents a comprehensive amalgamation of the radiation physics, chemistry, radiobiology, tumor models, and clinical data for targeted radionuclide therapy. It outlines the current challenges and provides a glimpse at future directions. With significant advances in cell biology and molecular engineering, many targeting constructs are now available that will safely deliver these highly cytotoxic radionuclides in a targeted fashion. A companion website includes the full text and an image bank.
Author: Gang Huang Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811374589 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 346
Book Description
This book introduces molecular imaging and Target Therapy in various cancers. The first part is the subjects and primary focused on the basics of nuclear physics, radiation dosimetry, nuclear medicine equipment and small animal imaging equipment. The second part is about the radiopharmaceutical and commonly used clinical radiopharmaceuticals, including positron emission imaging agent, single photon emission imaging agent, and radionuclide therapy agents as well as their radioactive preparation, quality control, and a brief clinical application were included. Also, this part introduces a number of new imaging agents which were potential value of clinical applications. In the third part, the clinical application of the conventional imaging agent 18F-FDG in different tumors and neurodegenerative diseases and 18F-Dopa imaging in the nervous system are discussed. Besides the clinical applications of 99mTc labeled radiopharmaceuticals in parathyroid disease, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, sentinel lymph node, metastatic bone tumors, liver and gallbladder disease in children are introduced. Finally, the applications of radionuclide 131I on treatments of Graves' disease and differentiated thyroid cancer and metastases are investigated respectively. This book is a useful reference for professionals engaged in nuclear medicine and clinical research, including clinical nuclear medicine physicians, nuclear medicine engineers and nuclear medicine pharmacists.
Author: E. Edmund Kim Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475735057 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 302
Book Description
This volume is unique in reporting on strategies for the application of molecular targeted imaging agents such as antibodies, peptides, receptors and contrast agents in the biologic grading of tumors, differential diagnosis of tumors, prediction of therapeutic response and monitoring tumor response to treatment. It also includes updated information on the imaging of tumor angiogenesis, hypoxia, apoptosis and gene delivery as well as expression in the understanding and utility of tumor molecular biology for better cancer management.
Author: Vladimir P. Torchilin Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780849383083 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 762
Book Description
This is the first time detailed and updated information on the targeted delivery of imaging agents has been collected into a single handbook. This comprehensive volume presents the scientific background together with the latest experimental and clinical data in this fast-growing area. The Handbook of Targeted Delivery of Imaging Agents meets the requirements of the broadest audience including researchers, practitioners, and students. The basic principles of targeted delivery of imaging are presented and discussed together with various imaging agents and different imaging modalities such as gamma-imaging, MR-imaging, and CT, PET, and SPECT imaging. The book consists of eight parts and 39 chapters covering all aspects of targeted drug delivery-from the imaging theory and chemistry of imaging agents to their experimental and clinical use for targeted visualization of cancer, including ovarian, prostate, colorectal, and thyroid cancer, cardiovascular (atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and thromboses) and neurological diseases, infection, and inflammation sites. A special section discusses the targeted delivery of imaging agents into lymph nodes, which are often sites of metasteses during different malignant diseases. Monoclonal antibody-based targeted imaging agents are considered together with new approaches involving the use of labeled micelles, liposomes, and polymer-coated particles. The book describes the possible application of designer antibodies for the delivery of diagnostic agents, including the preparation, properties, labeling, and experimental use of multifunctional antibodies. The alternative improvement of antibody-directed targeting describes the application of avidin-biotin system for the delivery of imaging agents. Long circulating blood pool imaging agents are considered as a special group of organ-specific pharmaceuticals. The latest trends in the synthesis of immunoscintigraphic, MR, and CT agents are presented. This Handbook of Targeted Delivery of Imaging Agents is a must-have reference for all those who need to stay abreast of the latest developments in this hot field.
Author: Mizuki Nishino Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030311716 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
This book is a detailed guide to therapy response imaging in cancer patients that fully takes into account the revolutionary progress and paradigm shift in treatment approaches for advanced disease. The opening chapters describe the role of imaging as a “common language” for tumor response evaluation in oncology and address challenges and strategies in the era of precision cancer therapy and cancer immunotherapy. Practical pitfalls are discussed, with emphasis on the importance of approaching cancer as a systemic disease and the need for increased awareness of drug toxicity due to novel therapies. Therapy response imaging in a wide range of cancer types is then comprehensively described and illustrated, using a disease-specific approach. A concluding section focuses on emerging approaches and future directions, including radiomics/radiogenomics, co-clinical imaging, and molecular and functional imaging. Therapy Response Imaging in Oncology will be of high value for radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and oncologists. It will also be of interest to cancer care providers and oncology trial investigators.
Author: Zhao Li Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
The common theme of my 5-year PhD research is to channel progress in spin physics and nano-bio-materials into meaningful improvements in the theoretical studies, methodological developments, and advanced applications of magnetic resonance (MR) to: 1) MR Molecular Imaging: to detect lesions (especially cancers) at early stages through imaging the existence and locations of physiologically important biomarkers; and 2) MR Nano Medicine: to cure diseases (especially cancers) by targeted therapy through nanodrugs and hyperthermia. The research activities had encompassed a balanced approach to develop a rigorous theoretical understanding on sensitively imaging magnetic nanoparticles by active- feedback spin dynamics of selective self-excitation and fixed-point dynamics on one hand and sound methodology with biomedical applicability to early pancreatic cancers and brain tumors detection on the other. Computer simulations, phantom experiments of superparamagnetic nanoparticles, and in vivo experiments of orthotopic pancreatic cancer and brain tumor mouse models had been used to validate the applicability and efficacy of our proposed methods. The major research projects and achievements with my coworkers under the supervision of Prof. Yung-Ya Lin include: 1) Developed original MR method, "Active-Feedback Fixed-Point Imaging", for early cancer detection, with both quantum and classical formulation of the spin dynamics. 2) Demonstrated 3-5 times of enhancement in the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of early pancreatic cancers which were targeted and labeled by CA19-9 conjugated magnetic nanoparticles by our "Spin Avalanche Amplification" method, based on statistics from 7 orthotopic pancreatic cancer mouse models. 3) Demonstrated 4-10 times of enhancement in the CNR of early GBM (glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and aggressive form of brain cancers) by our "Active-Feedback Fixed-Point Imaging" method, based on statistics from 20 orthotopic GBM mouse models. 4) Developed novel multifunctional, theranostic, smart nanoparticles, called "UCS-Gd-Dox" for MR imaging and targeted cancer therapy. By conjugating Gd3+ at the stable core of unibody core-shell polymer (UCS) and encapsulating doxorubicin (Dox) at the shell in a pH-sensitive manner, we achieved a selective drug release (75% difference between pH 7.4 and 5.5) and MR imaging (r1 = 0.9 and 14.5 mM-1s-1 at pH 7.4 and 5.5, respectively). The anti-cancer effect is significantly better than free cancer drugs in tumor-bearing mouse models, presumably due to enhanced permeability and retention effect and pH-triggered release. 5) Formulated more accurate theoretical description to magnetic resonance hyperthermia, including aggregation/disruption of monomers/clusters and nonlinear response under strong external magnetic field.
Author: Shankar Vallabhajosula Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031232054 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 719
Book Description
This book, now published in its second edition, covers a wide range of topics relating to the use of radiopharmaceuticals. The basics of nuclear chemistry, radiochemistry, and radiopharmacology are considered in detail, regulatory issues are reviewed, and potential applications in drug development, translational medicine, clinical diagnostics, and targeted therapy are discussed. Compared with the first edition, the chapters on targeted therapy with alpha- and beta-emitting radiopharmaceuticals and theranostics are completely new. Other chapters have been updated and revised as necessary. Radioisotope-based molecular imaging probes (radiopharmaceuticals) provide unprecedented insights into biochemistry and function in both normal and diseased states of living systems, with unbiased in vivo measurements of regional radiotracer activities offering very high specificity and sensitivity. No other molecular imaging technology, including functional magnetic resonance imaging, can provide such high sensitivity and specificity at a tracer level. This book, written by an experienced radiochemist and scientist, offers valuable insights into the full range of applications of this technology.
Author: Renu M. Stephen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 378
Book Description
In 2007, there will be an estimated 178,480 new cases of breast cancer diagnosed in women in the United States. The elucidation of the vast heterogeneity of individual tumors has led to a paradigm shift from a one-size fits all treatment strategy to more individualized treatment based on the molecular profile of the tumor. Identifying biomarkers that respond to or predict the action of drugs is important in identifying efficacious targets and drugs that will improve clinical outcome. To examine this, we first identified two breast cancer cell lines (ACC-3199 and ACC-3171) from a panel of low passage breast cells lines that were capable of growing serially as tumor xenografts. This was followed by the in vivo molecular characterization of these two cell lines. In ACC-3199 tumors, we identified a gain of pAKT expression compared to cultured cells. Based on this finding, we investigated the role of diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as potential imaging biomarkers in identifying early response to PX-866, a PI3K inhibitor, in ACC-3199 tumors as represented by changes in tumor cellularity and hemodynamic parameters, respectively. Our results indicated that DW-MRI was able to identify an early response to PX-886 in ACC-3199 tumors as defined by an increase in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the tumors prior to changes in tumor volumes. Using DCE-MRI, we were able to conclude that PX-866 was not an effective anti-angiogenic agent as indicated by an increase in tumor permeability following therapy. Based on the VEGFR2 expression observed in ACC-3171 tumor xenografts, we examined the response of MDA-MB-231/GFP and ACC-3171 tumor xenografts to the anti-angiogenic agent, sunitinib, using the same imaging modalities. DW-MRI was able to detect increases in ADC values as early as 12 h post-treatment in both MDA-MB-231/GFP and ACC-3171 tumors. Thus, it appears that DW-MRI may be a useful clinical test in predicting the early response to PI3K and anti-angiogenic inhibitors. These imaging approaches, in addition to the further molecular characterization of breast tumors may lead to the improvement and development of medical therapies for breast cancer patients.
Author: Mehdi Azizi
Author: Tod W. Speer
Author: Gang Huang
Author: E. Edmund Kim
Author: Antonius Gerhardus Titus Terwisscha Scheltinga
Author: Vladimir P. Torchilin
Author: Mizuki Nishino
Author: Zhao Li
Author: Shankar Vallabhajosula
Author: Renu M. Stephen