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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The intent of this report is to summarize the tandem filter development for spectral control of thermophotovoltaic energy conversion from January 2003 to the termination of the program in February 2006 and to closeout tandem filter development in order to capture the knowledge gained from the development effort. Over the last three years, the goals of the tandem filter development have been the following: (1) Study the limits of the design of the interference optical coatings component of a tandem filter in order to develop higher performance designs; (2) Enhance the fabrication process of the optical interference coatings to increase the fidelity with the intended design and allow more complex, higher performing designs; (3) Support TPV module testing by providing tandem filters and assembly assistance; (4) Identify and develop materials for optical interference coatings that are stable at higher temperatures than current materials; and (5) Improve the understanding of the directional and spectral reflectance and transmittance characterization of the completed tandem filters to insure the veracity of the characterization data and to provide useful feedback to the tandem filter development process. This development effort has been a collaboration between KAPL and its contracted development partner, Rugate Technologies Inc.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The intent of this report is to summarize the tandem filter development for spectral control of thermophotovoltaic energy conversion from January 2003 to the termination of the program in February 2006 and to closeout tandem filter development in order to capture the knowledge gained from the development effort. Over the last three years, the goals of the tandem filter development have been the following: (1) Study the limits of the design of the interference optical coatings component of a tandem filter in order to develop higher performance designs; (2) Enhance the fabrication process of the optical interference coatings to increase the fidelity with the intended design and allow more complex, higher performing designs; (3) Support TPV module testing by providing tandem filters and assembly assistance; (4) Identify and develop materials for optical interference coatings that are stable at higher temperatures than current materials; and (5) Improve the understanding of the directional and spectral reflectance and transmittance characterization of the completed tandem filters to insure the veracity of the characterization data and to provide useful feedback to the tandem filter development process. This development effort has been a collaboration between KAPL and its contracted development partner, Rugate Technologies Inc.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
A filter system to transmit short wavelength radiation and reflect long wavelength radiation for a thermophotovoltaic energy conversion cell comprises an optically transparent substrate segregation layer with at least one coherent wavelength in optical thickness; a dielectric interference filter deposited on one side of the substrate segregation layer, the interference filter being disposed toward the source of radiation, the interference filter including a plurality of alternating layers of high and low optical index materials adapted to change from transmitting to reflecting at a nominal wavelength [lambda]{sub IF} approximately equal to the bandgap wavelength [lambda]{sub g} of the thermophotovoltaic cell, the interference filter being adapted to transmit incident radiation from about 0.5[lambda]{sub IF} to [lambda]{sub IF} and reflect from [lambda]{sub IF} to about 2[lambda]{sub IF}; and a high mobility plasma filter deposited on the opposite side of the substrate segregation layer, the plasma filter being adapted to start to become reflecting at a wavelength of about 1.5[lambda]{sub IF}.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This invention relates to the field of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) direct energy conversion. In particular, TPV systems use filters to minimize parasitic absorption of below bandgap energy. This invention constitutes a novel combination of front surface filters to increase TPV conversion efficiency by reflecting useless below bandgap energy while transmitting a very high percentage of the useful above bandgap energy. In particular, a frequency selective surface is used in combination with an interference filter. The frequency selective surface provides high transmission of above bandgap energy and high reflection of long wavelength below bandgap energy. The interference filter maintains high transmission of above bandgap energy and provides high reflection of short wavelength below bandgap energy and a sharp transition from high transmission to high reflection.
Author: Joseph M. Marshall Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401006326 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 361
Book Description
The primary objective of this NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) was to present an up-to-date overview of various current areas of interest in the field of photovoltaic and related photoactive materials. This is a wide-ranging subject area, of significant commercial and environmental interest, and involves major contributions from the disciplines of physics, chemistry, materials, electrical and instrumentation engineering, commercial realisation etc. Therefore, we sought to adopt an inter disciplinary approach, bringing together recognised experts in the various fields while retaining a level of treatment accessible to those active in specific individual areas of research and development. The lecture programme commenced with overviews of the present relevance and historical development of the subject area, plus an introduction to various underlying physical principles of importance to the materials and devices to be addressed in later lectures. Building upon this, the ASI then progressed to more detailed aspects of the subject area. We were also fortunately able to obtain a contribution from Thierry Langlois d'Estaintot of the European Commission Directorate, describing present and future EC support for activities in this field. In addition, poster sessions were held throughout the meeting, to allow participants to present and discuss their current activities. These were supported by what proved to be very effective feedback sessions (special thanks to Martin Stutzmann), prior to which groups of participants enthusiastically met (often in the bar) to identify and agree topics of common interest.
Author: Antonio Luque Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470721693 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1172
Book Description
The most comprehensive, authoritative and widely cited reference on photovoltaic solar energy Fully revised and updated, the Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Second Edition incorporates the substantial technological advances and research developments in photovoltaics since its previous release. All topics relating to the photovoltaic (PV) industry are discussed with contributions by distinguished international experts in the field. Significant new coverage includes: three completely new chapters and six chapters with new authors device structures, processing, and manufacturing options for the three major thin film PV technologies high performance approaches for multijunction, concentrator, and space applications new types of organic polymer and dye-sensitized solar cells economic analysis of various policy options to stimulate PV growth including effect of public and private investment Detailed treatment covers: scientific basis of the photovoltaic effect and solar cell operation the production of solar silicon and of silicon-based solar cells and modules how choice of semiconductor materials and their production influence costs and performance making measurements on solar cells and modules and how to relate results under standardised test conditions to real outdoor performance photovoltaic system installation and operation of components such as inverters and batteries. architectural applications of building-integrated PV Each chapter is structured to be partially accessible to beginners while providing detailed information of the physics and technology for experts. Encompassing a review of past work and the fundamentals in solar electric science, this is a leading reference and invaluable resource for all practitioners, consultants, researchers and students in the PV industry.
Author: Mary D Archer Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 1783262052 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 870
Book Description
Photovoltaic cells provide clean, reversible electrical power from the sun. Made from semiconductors, they are durable, silent in operation and free of polluting emissions. In this book, experts from all sectors of the PV community — materials scientists, physicists, production engineers, economists and environmentalists — give their critical appraisals of where the technology is now and what its prospects are./a
Author: Liang-Yao Chen Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811634920 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
This book presents an overview of both the theory and experimental methods required to realize high efficiency solar absorber devices. It begins with a historical description of the study of spectrally selective solar absorber materials and structures based on optical principles and methods developed over the past few decades. The optical properties of metals and dielectric materials are addressed to provide the background necessary to achieve high performance of the solar absorber devices as applied in the solar energy field. In the following sections, different types of materials and structures, together with the relevant experimental methods, are discussed for practical construction and fabrication of the solar absorber devices, aiming to maximally harvest the solar energy while at the same time effectively suppressing the heat-emission loss. The optical principles and methods used to evaluate the performance of solar absorber devices with broad applications in different physical conditions are presented. The book is suitable for graduate students in applied physics, and provides a valuable reference for researchers working actively in the field of solar energy.
Author: Lewis M. Fraas Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783319377872 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book describes recent breakthroughs that promise major cost reductions in solar energy production in a clear and highly accessible manner. The author addresses the three key areas that have commonly resulted in criticism of solar energy in the past: cost, availability, and variability. Coverage includes cutting-edge information on recently developed 40 efficient solar cells, which can produce double the power of currently available commercial cells. The discussion also highlights the potentially transformative emergence of opportunities for integration of solar energy storage and natural gas combined heat and power systems. Solar energy production in the evening hours is also given fresh consideration via the convergence of low cost access to space and the growing number of large terrestrial solar electric power fields around the world. Dr. Fraas has been active in the development of Solar Cells and Solar Electric Power Systems for space and terrestrial applications since 1975. His research team at Boeing demonstrated the first GaAs/GaSb tandem concentrator solar cell in 1989 with a world record energy conversion efficiency of 35, garnering awards from Boeing and NASA. He has over 30 years of experience at Hughes Research Labs, Chevron Research Co, and the Boeing High Technology Center working with advanced semiconductor devices. In a pioneering paper, he proposed the InGaP/GaInAs/Ge triple junction solar cell predicting a cell terrestrial conversion efficiency of 40 at 300 suns concentration. Having become today’s predominant cell for space satellites, that cell is now entering high volume production for terrestrial Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV) systems. Since joining JX Crystals, Dr. Fraas has pioneered the development of various thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems based on the new GaSb infrared sensitive PV cell. Dr. Fraas holds degrees from Caltech (B.Sc. Physics), Harvard (M. A. Applied Physics), and USC (Ph.D. EE).
Author: Martin A. Green Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540265635 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 163
Book Description
Photovoltaics, the direct conversion of sunlight to electricity, is now the fastest growing technology for electricity generation. Present "first generation" products use the same silicon wafers as in microelectronics. "Second generation" thin-films, now entering the market, have the potential to greatly improve the economics by eliminating material costs. Martin Green, one of the world’s foremost photovoltaic researchers, argues in this book that "second generation" photovoltaics will eventually reach its own material cost constraints, engendering a "third generation" of high performance thin-films. The book explores, self-consistently, the energy conversion potential of advanced approaches for improving photovoltaic performance and outlines possible implementation paths.
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Author: Joseph M. Marshall
Author: Antonio Luque
Author: Mary D Archer
Author: Liang-Yao Chen
Author: Lewis M. Fraas
Author: Martin A. Green